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Liping Zou

Publications and source records attributed to Liping Zou.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

Paraxial wave function and Gouy phase for a relativistic electron in a uniform magnetic field

A connection between relativistic quantum mechanics in the Foldy-Wouthuysen representation and the paraxial equations is established for a Dirac particle in external fields. The paraxial form of the Landau eigenfunction for a relativistic electron in a uniform magnetic field is determined. The obtained wave function contains the Gouy phase and significantly approaches to the paraxial wave function for a free electron.

quant-ph↗

Relativistic quantum-mechanical description of twisted paraxial electron and photon beams

The analysis of twisted (vortex) paraxial photons and electrons is fulfilled in the framework of relativistic quantum mechanics. The use of the Foldy-Wouthuysen representation radically simplifies a description of relativistic electrons and clarifies fundamental properties of twisted particles. It is demonstrated that the twisted photon defined by the Laguerre-Gauss wave function is luminal. Its apparent subluminality takes place because the photon energy is contributed by the hidden transversal motion while the average transversal momentum vanishes. Nevertheless, the Laguerre-Gauss photon can be self-consistently modeled by a subluminal centroid with a nonzero kinematic (Lorentz-invariant) mass. An applicability of this model is a consequence of independence of centroid parameters from the longitudinal coordinate. All twisted and untwisted Laguerre-Gauss modes are subliminal. The Laguerre-Gauss electron has similar properties. The new effect of a quantization of the velocity and mass of the Laguerre-Gauss photon and electron is predicted. This effect is observable for the photon. The twisted photon and electron modeled by the centroids are considered in the general noninertial frame. Their inertial masses coinciding with kinematic ones are determined. The orbital magnetic moment of the Laguerre-Gauss electron does not depend on the radial quantum number.

quant-ph↗

The Isoscalar Mesons and Exotic States in Light Front Holographic QCD

In this article a systematic quantitative analysis of the isoscalar bosonic states is performed in the framework of supersymmetric light front holographic QCD. It is shown that the spectroscopy of the $η$ and $h$ mesons can be well described if one additional mass parameter -- which corresponds to the hard breaking of chiral $U(1)$ symmetry in standard QCD -- is introduced. The mass difference of the $η$ and $η'$ isoscalar mesons is then determined by the strange quark mass content of the $η'$. The theory also predicts the existence of isoscalar tetraquarks which are bound states of diquarks and anti-diquarks. The candidates for these exotic isoscalar tetraquarks are identified. In particular, the $f_0(1500)$ is identified as isoscalar tetraquark; the predicted mass value 1.52 GeV agrees with the measured experimental value within the model uncertainties.

hep-ph↗

Relativistic quantum dynamics of twisted electron beams in arbitrary electric and magnetic fields

General relativistic quantum dynamics of twisted (vortex) Dirac particles is constructed. The Hamiltonian and equations of motion in the Foldy-Wouthuysen representation are derived for a twisted relativistic electron in arbitrary electric and magnetic fields. A critical experiment for a verification of the results is proposed. The new important effect of a radiative orbital polarization of a twisted electron beam in a magnetic field resulting in a nonzero average projection of the intrinsic orbital angular momentum on the field direction is predicted.

physics.class-ph↗

Electric quadrupole moment and the tensor magnetic polarizability of twisted electrons and a potential for their measurements

For a twisted (vortex) Dirac particle in nonuniform electric and magnetic fields, the relativistic Foldy-Wouthuysen Hamiltonian is derived including high order terms describing new effects. The result obtained shows for the first time that a twisted spin-1/2 particle possesses a tensor magnetic polarizability and a measurable (spectroscopic) electric quadrupole moment. We have calculated the former parameter and have evaluated the latter one for a twisted electron. The tensor magnetic polarizability of the twisted electron can be measured in a magnetic storage ring because a beam with an initial orbital tensor polarization acquires a horizontal orbital vector polarization. The electric quadrupole moment is rather large and strongly influences the dynamics of the intrinsic orbital angular momentum. Three different methods of its measurements, freezing the intrinsic orbital angular momentum and two resonance methods, are proposed. The existence of the quadrupole moment of twisted electrons can lead to practical applications.

quant-ph↗

The role of electron orbital angular momentum in the Aharonov-Bohm effect revisited

This is a brief review on the theoretical interpretation of the Aharonov-Bohm effect, which also contains our new insight into the problem. A particular emphasis is put on the unique role of electron orbital angular momentum, especially viewed from the novel concept of the physical component of the gauge field, which has been extensively discussed in the context of the nucleon spin decomposition problem as well as the photon angular momentum decomposition problem. Practically, we concentrate on the frequently discussed idealized setting of the Aharonov-Bohm effect, i.e. the interference phenomenon of the electron beam passing around the infinitely-long solenoid. One of the most puzzling observations in this Aharonov-Bohm solenoid effect is that the pure-gauge potential outside the solenoid appears to carry non-zero orbital angular momentum. Through the process of tracing its dynamical origin, we try to answer several fundamental questions of the Aharonov-Bohm effect, which includes the question about the reality of the electromagnetic potential, the gauge-invariance issue, and the non-locality interpretation, etc.

quant-ph↗

Supersymmetry in the Double-Heavy Hadronic Spectrum

Relativistic light-front bound-state equations for double-heavy mesons, baryons and tetraquarks are constructed in the framework of supersymmetric light front holographic QCD. Although heavy quark masses strongly break conformal symmetry, supersymmetry and the holographic embedding of semiclassical light-front dynamics still holds. The theory, derived from five-dimensional anti-de Sitter space, predicts that the form of the confining potential in the light-front Hamiltonian is harmonic even for heavy quarks. Therefore, the basic underlying supersymmetric mechanism, which transforms meson-baryon and baryon-tetraquark wave functions into each other, can also be applied to the double-heavy sector; one can then successfully relate the masses of the double-heavy mesons to double-heavy baryons and tetraquarks. The dependence of the confining potential on the hadron mass scale agrees completely with the one derived in heavy light systems from heavy quark symmetry. We also make predictions for higher excitations of the charmonium and bottomonium states. In particular, the remarkable equality of the Regge slopes in the orbital angular momentum, $L$, and the principal quantum number, $n$, is predicted to remain valid.

hep-ph↗

Manipulating twisted electron beams

A theoretical description of vortex electrons interacting with electric and magnetic fields is presented, based on Lorentz transformations. The general dynamical equations of motion of a twisted electron with intrinsic orbital angular momentum in an external field is derived. Methods for the extraction of an electron vortex beam with a given orbital polarization and for the manipulation of such a beam are developed.

physics.gen-ph↗

A very Practical Guide to Light Front Holographic QCD

The aim of these lectures is to convey a working knowledge of Light Front Holographic QCD and Supersymmetric Light Front Holographic QCD. We first give an overview of holographic QCD in general and then concentrate on the application of the holographic methods on QCD quantized in the light front form. We show how the implementation of the supersymmetric algebra fixes the interaction and how one can obtain hadron mass spectra with the minimal number of parameters. We also treat propagators and compare the holographic approach with other non-perturbative methods. In the last chapter we describe the application of Light Front Holographic QCD to electromagnetic form factors.

hep-ph↗

Re-interpretation of Skyrme Theory: New Topological structures

Recently it has been pointed out that the skyrmions carry two independent topology, the baryon topology and the monopole topology. We provide more evidence to support this. In specific, we prove that the baryon number $B$ can be decomposed to the monopole number $m$ and the shell number $n$, so that $B$ is given by $B=mn$. This tells that the skyrmions may more conveniently be classified by two integers $(m,n)$. This is because the rational map which determines the baryon number in the popular multi-skyrmion solutions actually describes the monopole topology $π_2(S^2)$ which is different from the baryon topology $π_3(S^3)$. Moreover, we show that the baby skyrmions can also be generalized to have two topology, $π_1(S^1)$ and $π_2(S^2)$, and thus should be classified by two topological numbers $(m,n)$. Furthermore, we show that the vacuum of the Skyrme theory can be classified by two topological numbers $(p,q)$, the $π_1(S^1)$ of the sigma-field and the $π_3(S^2)$ of the normalized pion-field. This means that the Skyrme theory has multiple vacua similar to the Sine-Gordon theory and QCD combined together. This puts the Skyrme theory in a totally new perspective. We discussthe physical implications of our results.

hep-th↗

Non-Abrikosov vortices in liquid metallic hydrogen

We consider non-Abrikosov vortex solutions in liquid metallic hydrogen (LMH) in the framework of two-component Ginzburg-Landau model. We have shown that there are three types of non-Abrikosov vortices depending on chosen boundary conditions at the core of vortices, namely, Neumann (N)-type, Dirichlet (D)-type and Gross-Pitaevskii (GP)-type vortices. The Neumann-type vortex has a non-vanishing condensation at the core, that is different from the ordinary vortex, and the magnetic flux could be reversed as well in LMH. Furthermore, we have obtained a new type of a neutral vortex which has no magnetic field. The presence of such a vortex is related to metallic superfluid state suggested by Babaev.

cond-mat.supr-con↗