arXiv subjects

Lorenzo Gallerani Resca

Publications and source records attributed to Lorenzo Gallerani Resca.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2024

Cosmological mass of the photon related to Stueckelberg and Higgs mechanisms

I consider electro-weak (EW) masses and interactions generated for photons by vacuum expectation values of Stueckelberg and Higgs fields. I provide a prescription to relate their parametric values to a cosmological range derived from a fundamental Heisenberg uncertainty principle and Einstein-de Sitter cosmological constant and horizon. This yields qualitative connections between microscopic ranges acquired by $W^{\pm}$ or $Z^0$ gauge Bosons and the cosmological scale and minimal mass acquired by $g$-photons. I apply that procedure to an established Stueckelberg-Higgs mechanism, while I consider a similar procedure for a pair of Higgs fields that may spontaneously break all U(1)xSU(2) gauge invariances. My estimates of photon masses and their additional parity-breaking interactions with leptons and neutrinos may be detectable in suitable accelerator experiments. Their effects may also be observable astronomically through massive $g$-photon condensates that may contribute to dark matter and dark energy.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2023

Cosmological Mass of the Photon and Dark Energy as its Bose-Einstein Condensate in de Sitter Space

I develop a physical picture of dark energy (DE) based on fundamental principles and constants of quantum mechanics (QM) and general relativity (GR) theories. It derives from a conjecture of non-zero masses for nearly standard-model photons, based on QM localization at a cosmological scale. Dark energy is associated with de Sitter space and that has a fundamentally invariant event horizon. I conceive of DE as a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of cosmologically massive photons and I estimate fundamentally the binding energy per particle originating from an effectively attractive QM potential in that BEC. Since massive photons may stand at rest in a de Sitter universe with flat spatial geometry, I solve the time-independent Schroedinger equation for a non-relativistic attractive spherical-well potential self-confining at the de Sitter horizon. The minimal critical potential depth that binds a particle state at the top of that well, combined with the prototypical condition of dark energy-pressure relation in the standard flat $Λ$-CDM model, provides an estimate of the photon mass, $m_g$. That is supported by an independent calculation of the vacuum energy of the BEC in a de Sitter static metric with coordinate-time slicing. These estimates provide compatible accounts of dark energy condensation, bridging a chasm between nuclear and cosmological scales. Most notably, I consider a system of cosmological units, or `$g$-units,' that complements the fundamental system of Planck units in various ways. The geometric mean of Planck and $g$-mass turns out to be remarkably close to current estimates of neutrino masses, suggesting that even masses of the lightest known fermions may be deeply related to both GR and QM fundamental constants $Λ$, $G$, $c$ and $h$. I finally relate the fine structure constant to $m_g$ and a Coulomb potential confined within a corresponding cosmological horizon.

gr-qc↗

arXiv2022

Geodesy on surfaces of revolution: A wormhole application

We outline a general procedure to derive first-order differential equations obeyed by geodesic orbits over two-dimensional (2D) surfaces of revolution immersed or embedded in ordinary three-dimensional (3D) Euclidean space. We illustrate that procedure with an application to a wormhole model introduced by Morris and Thorne (MT), which provides a prototypical case of a `splittable space-time' geometry. We obtain analytic solutions for geodesic orbits expressed in terms of elliptic integrals and functions, which are qualitatively similar to, but even more fundamental than, those that we previously reported for Flamm's paraboloid of Schwarzschild geometry. Two kinds of geodesics correspondingly emerge. Regular geodesics have turning points larger than the `throat' radius. Thus, they remain confined to one half of the MT wormhole. Singular geodesics funnel through the throat and connect both halves of the MT wormhole, perhaps providing a possibility of `rapid inter-stellar travel.' We provide numerical illustrations of both kinds of geodesic orbits on the MT wormhole.

gr-qc↗

arXiv2019

Minimal cosmological masses for photons and gluons

I conjecture non-zero photon and gluon bare masses derived from a cosmological scale. That entails the existence of photon and gluon Bose-Einstein (BE) condensates in a comoving Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker geometry. I derive tantalizing results that set the inter-particle distance in these BE condensates almost at the nucleon scale and a corresponding critical temperature of condensation almost at the end of the quark epoch or the beginning of quark-gluon confinement. My estimates for particle mass and number density in these BE condensates suggest remarkable relations among fundamental constants, $h, c, G, Λ$, at the most microscopic and cosmological scales of quantum and relativity theories.

gr-qc↗