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Luis Salvador Miranda

Publications and source records attributed to Luis Salvador Miranda.

10 recordsLinked to original sources

Searching for Pseudo-Dirac neutrinos from Astrophysical sources in IceCube data

We analyze IceCube public data from its IC86 configuration, namely PSTracks event selection, to search for pseudo-Dirac signatures in high-energy neutrinos from astrophysical sources. Neutrino flux from astrophysical sources is reduced in the pseudo-Dirac scenario due to the conversion of active-to-sterile neutrinos as compared to the neutrino oscillation scenario of only three active neutrinos over astrophysical distances. We fit IceCube data using astrophysical flux models for four point-like sources in both scenarios and constrain the active-sterile mass-square-difference in the absence of any evidence for the pseudo-Dirac scenario. We present the exclusion regions for the common mass-squared difference $δm^2$, inducing active-sterile oscillations, for all three neutrino flavors. This includes results from individual sources as well as from a stacking analysis that combines data from the four sources. Our findings indicate that the exclusion region is $δm^2 \in [2.1\times 10^{-21} - 2.0\times 10^{-16}]$ eV$^2$ with $\ge 90\%$ confidence level (CL) significance for neutrino energies ranging from 0.5 TeV to 1 PeV. When we extend the energy range down to 0.1 TeV, the exclusion region broadens to $δm^2 \in [1.1 \times 10^{-21} - 3.0\times 10^{-16}]$ eV$^2$ at $\ge 90\%$ CL.

astro-ph.HE↗

Study of maximum electron energy of sub-PeV pulsar wind nebulae by multiwavelength modelling

Recently, the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) reported the discovery of 12 ultrahigh-energy (UHE; $\mathrm{\varepsilon} \ge 100$ TeV) gamma-ray sources located in the Galactic plane. A few of these UHE gamma-ray emitting regions are in spatial coincidence with pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe). We consider a sample of five sources; two of them are LHAASO sources (LHAASO J1908+0621 and LHAASO J2226+6057) and the remaining three are GeV-TeV gamma-ray emitters. In addition, X-rays, radio observations, or upper limits are also available for these objects. We study multiwavelength radiation from these sources by considering a PWN origin, where the emission is powered by the spin-down luminosity of the associated pulsars. In this leptonic emission model, the electron population is calculated at different times under the radiative (synchrotron and inverse-Compton) and adiabatic cooling. We also include the onset of the reverberation phase for the PWN, by assuming radially symmetric expansion. However, in this work, we find that multiwavelength emission can be interpreted before the onset of this phase. The maximum energy of the electrons based on the spectral fit is found to be above 0.1 PeV and close to 1 PeV. For LHAASO J2226+6057, using its observations in radio to UHE gamma-rays, we find that UHE gamma-rays can be interpreted using electrons with maximum energy of 1 PeV. We estimate the upper limits on the minimum Lorentz factor of the electrons and it also infers the minimum value of the pair-multiplicity of charged pairs.

astro-ph.HE↗

Searching for non-unitary neutrino oscillations in the present T2K and NO$ν$A data

The mixing of three active neutrino flavors is parameterized by the unitary PMNS matrix. If there are more than three neutrino flavors and if the extra generations are heavy isosinglets, the effective $3\times 3$ mixing matrix for the three active neutrinos will be non-unitary. We have analyzed the latest T2K and \nova data with the hypothesis of non-unitary mixing of the active neutrinos. We found that the 2019 NO$ν$A data slightly (at $\sim 1\, σ$ C.L.) prefer the non-unitary mixing over unitary mixing. In fact, allowing the non-unitary mixing brings the \nova best-fit point in the $\sin^2θ_{23}-δ_{CP}$ plane closer to the T2K best-fit point. The 2019 T2K data, on the other hand, cannot rule out any of the two mixing schemes. A combined analysis of the NO$ν$A and T2K 2019 data prefers the non-unitary mixing at $1\, σ$ C.L.. We derive constraints on the non-unitary mixing parameters using the best-fit to the combined NO$ν$A and T2K data. These constraints are weaker than previously found. The latest 2020 data from both the experiments prefer non-unitarity over unitary mixing at $1\, σ$ C.L. The combined analysis preferes non-unitarity at $2\, σ$ C.L. The stronger tension, which exists between the latest 2020 data of the two experiments, also gets reduced with non-unitary analysis.

hep-ph↗

Revisiting constraints on 3+1 active-sterile neutrino mixing using IceCube data

Recent IceCube search results for sterile neutrino increased tension between the combined appearance and disappearance experiments. On the other hand, MiniBooNE latest data confirms at $4.9σ$ CL the short-baseline oscillation anomaly. We analyze published IceCube data based on two different active-sterile mixing schemes using one additional sterile neutrino flavor. We present exclusion regions in the parameter ranges $0.01 \le \sin^2 θ_{24} \le 0.1$ and $0.1~{\rm eV}^2 \le Δm^2_{42} \le 10~{\rm eV}^2$ for the mass-mixing and flavor-mixing schemes. Under the more conservative mass-mixing scheme, $3σ$ CL allowed regions for the appearance experiment and MiniBooNE latest result are excluded at $\gtrsim 3σ$ CL. In case of less-restrictive flavor-mixing scheme, results from the appearance experiments are excluded at $\gtrsim 2σ$ CL. We also find that including prompt component of the atmospheric neutrino flux relaxes constraints on sterile mixing for $Δm^2_{42} \gtrsim 1~{\rm eV}^2$.

hep-ph↗

Very high-energy gamma-ray signature of ultrahigh-energy cosmic-ray acceleration in Centaurus A

The association of at least a dozen ultrahigh-energy cosmic-ray (UHECR) events with energy $\gtrsim 55$ EeV detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory (PAO) from the direction of Centaurus-A, the nearest radio galaxy, supports the scenario of UHECR acceleration in the jets of radio galaxies. In this work, we model radio to very high energy (VHE,$\gtrsim 100$ \rm GeV) $γ$-ray emission from Cen A, including GeV hardness detected by Fermi-LAT and TeV emission detected by HESS. We consider two scenarios: (i) Two zone synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) and external-Compton (EC) models, (ii) Two zone SSC, EC and photo-hadronic emission from cosmic ray interactions. The GeV hardness observed by Fermi-LAT can be explained using these two scenarios, where zone 2 EC emission is very important. Hadronic emission in scenario (ii) can explain VHE data with the same spectral slope as obtained through fitting UHECRs from Cen A. The peak luminosity in cosmic ray proton at 1 TeV, to explain the VHE $γ$-ray data is $\approx 2.5 \times 10^{46}$ erg/s. The bolometric luminosity in cosmic ray protons is consistent with the luminosity required to explain the origin of 13 UHECR signal events that are correlated with Cen A.

astro-ph.HE↗

EBL effect on the observation of multi-TeV flaring of 2009 from Markarian 501

Markarian 501 is a high-peaked BL Lacertae object and has undergone many major outburst since its discovery in 1996. As a part of the multiwavelength campaign, in the year 2009 this blazar was observed for 4.5 months from March 9 to August 1 and during the period April 17 to May 5 it was observed by both space and ground based observatories covering the entire electromagnetic spectrum. A very strong high energy $γ$-ray flare was observed on May 1 by Whipple telescope in the energy range 317 GeV to 5 TeV and the flux was about 10 times higher than the baseline flux. We use the photohadronic model complimented by the extragalactic background radiation (EBL) correction to this very high state flare and have shown that the EBL plays an important role in attenuating the very high energy flux even though Markarian 501 is in the local Universe.

astro-ph.HE↗

Multi-TeV flaring from blazars: Markarian 421 a case study

The TeV blazar Markarian 421 underwent multi-TeV flaring during April 2004 and simultaneously observed in x-ray and TeV energies. It was observed that the TeV outbursts had no counterparts in the lower energies, which implies that this might be an orphan flare. In the context of hadronic model, we have shown that this multi-TeV flaring can be produced due to the interaction of Fermi-accelerated protons of energy $\lesssim 168$ TeV with the background photons in the low energy tail of the synchrotron self-Compton spectrum of the blazar jet. We fit very well the flaring spectrum with this model. Based on this study, we speculate that Mrk 501 and PG 1553+113 are possible candidates for orphan flaring in the future.

astro-ph.HE↗

Blazar origin of some IceCube events

Recently ANTARES collaboration presented a time dependent analysis to a selected number of flaring blazars to look for upward going muon events produced from the charge current interaction of the muon neutrinos. We use the same list of flaring blazars to look for possible positional correlation with the IceCube neutrino events. In the context of photohadronic model we propose that the neutrinos are produced within the nuclear region of the blazar where Fermi accelerated high energy protons interact with the background synchrotron/SSC photons. Although we found that some objects from the ANTARES list are within the error circles of few IceCube events, the statistical analysis shows that none of these sources have a significant correlation.

astro-ph.HE↗

Photohadronic scenario in interpreting the February-March 2014 flare of 1ES 1011+496

The extraordinary multi-TeV flare from 1ES 1011 +496 during February-March 2014 was observed by MAGIC telescopes for 17 nights and the average spectrum of the whole period has a non-trivial shape. We have used the photohadronic model and a template EBL model to explain the average spectrum which fits well to the flare data. The spectral index $α$ is the only free parameter in our model. We have also shown that the non-trivial nature of the spectrum is due to the change in the behavior of the optical depth above $\sim 600$ GeV $γ$-ray energy accompanied with the high SSC flux.

astro-ph.HE↗

Some possible sources of IceCube TeV-PeV neutrino events

The IceCube Collaboration has observed 37 neutrino events in the energy range $30\, TeV\leq E_ν \leq 2$ PeV and the sources of these neutrinos are unknown. Here we have shown that positions of 12 high energy blazars and the position of the FR-I galaxy Centaurus A, coincide within the error circles of ten IceCube events, the later being in the error circle of the highest energy event so far observed by IceCube. Two of the above blazars are simultaneously within the error circles of the Telescope Array hotspot and one IceCube event. We found that the blazar H2356-309 is within the error circles of three IceCube events. We propose that photohadronic interaction of the Fermi accelerated high energy protons with the synchrotron/SSC background photons in the nuclear region of these high energy blazars and AGN are probably responsible for some of the observed IceCube events.

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