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Lukas Müller

Publications and source records attributed to Lukas Müller.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
arXiv2024

Quantum-Inspired Fluid Simulation of 2D Turbulence with GPU Acceleration

Tensor network algorithms can efficiently simulate complex quantum many-body systems by utilizing knowledge of their structure and entanglement. These methodologies have been adapted recently for solving the Navier-Stokes equations, which describe a spectrum of fluid phenomena, from the aerodynamics of vehicles to weather patterns. Within this quantum-inspired paradigm, velocity is encoded as matrix product states (MPS), effectively harnessing the analogy between interscale correlations of fluid dynamics and entanglement in quantum many-body physics. This particular tensor structure is also called quantics tensor train (QTT). By utilizing NVIDIA's cuQuantum library to perform parallel tensor computations on GPUs, our adaptation speeds up simulations by up to 12.1 times. This allows us to study the algorithm in terms of its applicability, scalability, and performance. By simulating two qualitatively different but commonly encountered 2D flow problems at high Reynolds numbers up to $1\times10^7$ using a fourth-order time stepping scheme, we find that the algorithm has a potential advantage over direct numerical simulations in the turbulent regime as the requirements for grid resolution increase drastically. In addition, we derive the scaling $χ=\mathcal{O}(\text{poly}(1/ε))$ for the maximum bond dimension $χ$ of MPS representing turbulent flow fields, with an error $ε$, based on the spectral distribution of turbulent kinetic energy. Our findings motivate further exploration of related quantum algorithms and other tensor network methods.

physics.flu-dyn↗
arXiv2023

Classification of Consistent Systems of Handlebody Group Representations

The classifying spaces of handlebody groups form a modular operad. Algebras over the handlebody operad yield systems of representations of handlebody groups that are compatible with gluing. We prove that algebras over the modular operad of handlebodies with values in an arbitrary symmetric monoidal bicategory $\mathcal{M}$ (we introduce for these the name ansular functor) are equivalent to self-dual balanced braided algebras in $\mathcal{M}$. After specialization to a linear framework, this proves that consistent systems of handlebody group representations on finite-dimensional vector spaces are equivalent to ribbon Grothendieck-Verdier categories in the sense of Boyarchenko-Drinfeld. Additionally, it produces a concrete formula for the vector space assigned to an arbitrary handlebody in terms of a generalization of Lyubashenko's coend. Our main result can be used to obtain an ansular functor from vertex operator algebras subject to mild finiteness conditions. This includes examples of vertex operator algebras whose representation category has a non-exact monoidal product.

math.QA↗
arXiv2023

The Diffeomorphism Group of the Solid Closed Torus and Hochschild Homology

We prove that for a self-injective ribbon Grothendieck-Verdier category $\mathcal{C}$ in the sense of Boyarchenko-Drinfeld the cyclic action on the Hochschild complex of $\mathcal{C}$ extends to an action of the diffeomorphism group of the solid closed torus $\mathbb{S}^1 \times \mathbb{D}^2$.

math.AT↗
arXiv2023

Finite symmetries of quantum character stacks

For a finite group $D$, we study categorical factorisation homology on oriented surfaces equipped with principal $D$-bundles, which `integrates' a (linear) balanced braided category $\mathcal{A}$ with $D$-action over those surfaces. For surfaces with at least one boundary component, we identify the value of factorisation homology with the category of modules over an explicit algebra in $\mathcal{A}$, extending the work of Ben-Zvi, Brochier and Jordan to surfaces with $D$-bundles. Furthermore, we show that the value of factorisation homology on annuli, boundary conditions, and point defects can be described in terms of equivariant representation theory. Our main example comes from an action of Dynkin diagram automorphisms on representation categories of quantum groups. We show that in this case factorisation homology gives rise to a quantisation of the moduli space of flat twisted bundles.

math.QA↗
arXiv2023

Reflection Structures and Spin Statistics in Low Dimensions

We give a complete classification of topological field theories with reflection structure and spin-statistics in one and two spacetime dimensions. Our answers can be naturally expressed in terms of an internal fermionic symmetry group $G$ which is different from the spacetime structure group. Fermionic groups encode symmetries of systems with fermions and time reversing symmetries. We show that 1-dimensional topological field theories with reflection structure and spin-statistics are classified by finite dimensional hermitian representations of $G$. In spacetime dimension two we give a classification in terms strongly $G$-graded stellar Frobenius algebras. Our proofs are based on the cobordism hypothesis. Along the way, we develop some useful tools for the computation of homotopy fixed points of 2-group actions on bicategories.

math-ph↗
arXiv2022

Cyclic framed little disks algebras, Grothendieck-Verdier duality and handlebody group representations

We characterize cyclic algebras over the associative and the framed little 2-disks operad in any symmetric monoidal bicategory. The cyclicity is appropriately treated in a coherent way, i.e. up to coherent isomorphism. When the symmetric monoidal bicategory is specified to be a certain symmetric monoidal bicategory of linear categories subject to finiteness conditions, we prove that cyclic associative and cyclic framed little 2-disks algebras, respectively, are equivalent to pivotal Grothendieck-Verdier categories and ribbon Grothendieck-Verdier categories, a type of category that was introduced by Boyarchenko-Drinfeld based on Barr's notion of a $\star$-autonomous category. We use these results and Costello's modular envelope construction to obtain two applications to quantum topology: I) We extract a consistent system of handlebody group representations from any ribbon Grothendieck-Verdier category inside a certain symmetric monoidal bicategory of linear categories and show that this generalizes the handlebody part of Lyubashenko's mapping class group representations. II) We establish a Grothendieck-Verdier duality for the category extracted from a modular functor by evaluation on the circle (without any assumption on semisimplicity), thereby generalizing results of Tillmann and Bakalov-Kirillov.

math.QA↗
arXiv2021

Symmetry defects and orbifolds of two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory

We describe discrete symmetries of two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory with gauge group $G$ associated to outer automorphisms of $G$, and their corresponding defects. We show that the gauge theory partition function with defects can be computed as a path integral over the space of twisted $G$-bundles, and calculate it exactly. We argue that its weak-coupling limit computes the symplectic volume of the moduli space of flat twisted $G$-bundles on a surface. Using the defect network approach to generalised orbifolds, we gauge the discrete symmetry and construct the corresponding orbifold theory, which is again two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory but with gauge group given by an extension of $G$ by outer automorphisms. With the help of the orbifold completion of the topological defect bicategory of two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory, we describe the reverse orbifold using a Wilson line defect for the discrete gauge symmetry. We present our results using two complementary approaches: in the lattice regularisation of the path integral, and in the functorial approach to area-dependent quantum field theories with defects via regularised Frobenius algebras.

hep-th↗
arXiv2021

Smooth 2-Group Extensions and Symmetries of Bundle Gerbes

We study bundle gerbes on manifolds $M$ that carry an action of a connected Lie group $G$. We show that these data give rise to a smooth 2-group extension of $G$ by the smooth 2-group of hermitean line bundles on $M$. This 2-group extension classifies equivariant structures on the bundle gerbe, and its non-triviality poses an obstruction to the existence of equivariant structures. We present a new global approach to the parallel transport of a bundle gerbe with connection, and use it to give an alternative construction of this smooth 2-group extension in terms of a homotopy-coherent version of the associated bundle construction. We apply our results to give new descriptions of nonassociative magnetic translations in quantum mechanics and the Faddeev-Mickelsson-Shatashvili anomaly in quantum field theory. We also propose a definition of smooth string 2-group models within our geometric framework. Starting from a basic gerbe on a compact simply-connected Lie group $G$, we prove that the smooth 2-group extensions of $G$ arising from our construction provide new models for the string group of $G$.

math.DG↗
arXiv2020

Dimensional Reduction, Extended Topological Field Theories and Orbifoldization

We prove a decomposition formula for the dimensional reduction of an extended topological field theory that arises as an orbifold of an equivariant topological field theory. Our decomposition formula can be expressed in terms of a categorification of the integral with respect to groupoid cardinality. The application of our result to topological field theories of Dijkgraaf-Witten type proves a recent conjecture of Qiu-Wang.

math.QA↗
arXiv2020

The Little Bundles Operad

Hurwitz spaces are homotopy quotients of the braid group action on the moduli space of principal bundles over a punctured plane. By considering a certain model for this homotopy quotient we build an aspherical topological operad that we call the little bundles operad. As our main result, we describe this operad as a groupoid-valued operad in terms of generators and relations and prove that the categorical little bundles algebras are precisely Turaev's crossed categories. Moreover, we prove that the evaluation on the circle of a homotopical two-dimensional equivariant topolological field theory yields a little bundles algebra up to coherent homotopy.

math.AT↗
arXiv2020

Extended Functorial Field Theories and Anomalies in Quantum Field Theories

We develop a general framework for the description of anomalies using extended functorial field theories extending previous work by Freed and Monnier. In this framework, anomalies are described by invertible field theories in one dimension higher and anomalous field theories live on their boundaries. We provide precise mathematical definitions for all concepts involved using the language of symmetric monoidal bicategories. In particular, field theories with anomalies will be described by symmetric monoidal transformations. The use of higher categorical concepts is necessary to capture the Hamiltonian picture of anomalies. The relation to the path integral and the Hamiltonian description of anomalies will be explained in detail. Furthermore, we discuss anomaly inflow in detail. We apply the general framework to the parity anomaly in fermionic systems coupled to background gauge and gravitational fields on odd-dimensional spacetimes. We use the extension of the Atiyah-Patodi-Singer index theorem to manifolds with corners due to Loya and Melrose to explicitly construct an extended invertible field theory encoding the anomaly. This allows us to compute explicitly the 2-cocycle of the projective representation of the gauge symmetry on the quantum state space. As a second application, we study discrete symmetries of Dijkgraaf-Witten theories and their gauging. Non-abelian group cohomology is used to describe discrete symmetries and we derive concrete conditions for such a symmetry to admit 't Hooft anomalies in terms of the Lyndon-Hochschild-Serre spectral sequence. We give an explicit realization of a discrete gauge theory with 't Hooft anomaly as a state on the boundary of a higher-dimensional Dijkgraaf-Witten theory.

math-ph↗
arXiv2019

Parallel Transport of Higher Flat Gerbes as an Extended Homotopy Quantum Field Theory

We prove that the parallel transport of a flat $n-1$-gerbe on any given target space gives rise to an $n$-dimensional extended homotopy quantum field theory. In case the target space is the classifying space of a finite group, we provide explicit formulae for this homotopy quantum field theory in terms of transgression. Moreover, we use the geometric theory of orbifolds to give a dimension-independent version of twisted and equivariant Dijkgraaf-Witten models. Finally, we introduce twisted equivariant Dijkgraaf-Witten theories giving us in the 3-2-1-dimensional case a new class of equivariant modular tensor categories which can be understood as twisted versions of the equivariant modular categories constructed by Maier, Nikolaus and Schweigert.

math.QA↗
arXiv2019

't Hooft anomalies of discrete gauge theories and non-abelian group cohomology

We study discrete symmetries of Dijkgraaf-Witten theories and their gauging in the framework of (extended) functorial quantum field theory. Non-abelian group cohomology is used to describe discrete symmetries and we derive concrete conditions for such a symmetry to admit 't Hooft anomalies in terms of the Lyndon-Hochschild-Serre spectral sequence. We give an explicit realization of a discrete gauge theory with 't Hooft anomaly as a state on the boundary of a higher-dimensional Dijkgraaf-Witten theory. This allows us to calculate the 2-cocycle twisting the projective representation of physical symmetries via transgression. We present a general discussion of the bulk-boundary correspondence at the level of partition functions and state spaces, which we make explicit for discrete gauge theories.

hep-th↗
arXiv2019

Equivariant Higher Hochschild Homology and Topological Field Theories

We present a version of higher Hochschild homology for spaces equipped with principal bundles for a structure group $G$. As coefficients, we allow $E_\infty$-algebras with $G$-action. For this homology theory, we establish an equivariant version of excision and prove that it extends to an equivariant topological field theory with values in the $(\infty,1)$-category of cospans of $E_\infty$-algebras.

math.AT↗
arXiv2019

Geometry and 2-Hilbert Space for Nonassociative Magnetic Translations

We suggest a geometric approach to quantisation of the twisted Poisson structure underlying the dynamics of charged particles in fields of generic smooth distributions of magnetic charge, and dually of closed strings in locally non-geometric flux backgrounds, which naturally allows for representations of nonassociative magnetic translation operators. We show how one can use the 2-Hilbert space of sections of a bundle gerbe in a putative framework for canonical quantisation. We define a parallel transport on bundle gerbes on $\mathbb{R}^d$ and show that it naturally furnishes weak projective 2-representations of the translation group on this 2-Hilbert space. We obtain a notion of covariant derivative on a bundle gerbe and a novel perspective on the fake curvature condition.

hep-th↗
arXiv2018

Extended quantum field theory, index theory and the parity anomaly

We use techniques from functorial quantum field theory to provide a geometric description of the parity anomaly in fermionic systems coupled to background gauge and gravitational fields on odd-dimensional spacetimes. We give an explicit construction of a geometric cobordism bicategory which incorporates general background fields in a stack, and together with the theory of symmetric monoidal bicategories we use it to provide the concrete forms of invertible extended quantum field theories which capture anomalies in both the path integral and Hamiltonian frameworks. Specialising this situation by using the extension of the Atiyah-Patodi-Singer index theorem to manifolds with corners due to Loya and Melrose, we obtain a new Hamiltonian perspective on the parity anomaly. We compute explicitly the 2-cocycle of the projective representation of the gauge symmetry on the quantum state space, which is defined in a parity-symmetric way by suitably augmenting the standard chiral fermionic Fock spaces with Lagrangian subspaces of zero modes of the Dirac Hamiltonian that naturally appear in the index theorem. We describe the significance of our constructions for the bulk-boundary correspondence in a large class of time-reversal invariant gauge-gravity symmetry-protected topological phases of quantum matter with gapless charged boundary fermions, including the standard topological insulator in 3+1 dimensions.

hep-th↗
arXiv2017

A GNS construction of three-dimensional abelian Dijkgraaf-Witten theories

We give a detailed account of the so-called "universal construction" that aims to extend invariants of closed manifolds, possibly with additional structure, to topological field theories and show that it amounts to a generalization of the GNS construction. We apply this construction to an invariant defined in terms of the groupoid cardinality of groupoids of bundles to recover Dijkgraaf-Witten theories, including the vector spaces obtained as a linearization of spaces of principal bundles.

math.QA↗