arXiv subjects

M. A. Tanatar

Publications and source records attributed to M. A. Tanatar.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

arXiv2014

Competition between superconductivity and magnetic/nematic order as a source of anisotropic superconducting gap in underdoped Ba$_{1-x}$K$_{x}$Fe$_{2}$As$_{2}$

The in-plane London penetration depth, $Δλ(T)$, was measured using a tunnel diode resonator technique in single crystals of Ba$_{1-x}$K$_{x}$Fe$_{2}$As$_{2}$ with doping levels $x$ ranging from heavily underdoped, $x$=0.16 ($T_{c}$=7~K) to nearly optimally doped, $x$= 0.34 ($T_{c}=$39 K). Exponential saturation of $Δλ(T)$ in the $T\to0$ limit is found in optimally doped samples, with the superfluid density $ρ_{s}(T)\equiv(λ(0)/λ(T))^{2}$ quantitatively described by a self-consistent $γ$-model with two nodeless isotropic superconducting gaps. As the doping level is decreased towards the extreme end of the superconducting dome at $x$=0.16, the low-temperature behavior of $Δλ(T)$ becomes non-exponential and best described by the power-law $Δλ(T)\propto T^{2}$, characteristic of strongly anisotropic gaps. The change between the two regimes happens within the range of coexisting magnetic/nematic order and superconductivity, $x<0.25$, and is accompanied by a rapid rise in the absolute value of $Δλ(T)$ with underdoping. This effect, characteristic of the competition between superconductivity and other ordered states, is very similar to but of significantly smaller magnitude than what is observed in the electron-doped Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$)$_{2}$As$_{2}$ compounds. Our study suggests that the competition between superconductivity and magnetic/nematic order in hole-doped compounds is weaker than in electron-doped compounds, and that the anisotropy of the superconducting state in the underdoped iron pnictides is a consequence of the anisotropic changes in the pairing interaction and in the gap function promoted by both magnetic and nematic long-range order.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2014

Evolution of London penetration depth with scattering in single crystals of K$_{1-x}$Na$_x$Fe$_2$As$_2$

London penetration depth, $λ(T)$, was measured in single crystals of K$_{1-x}$Na$_x$Fe$_2$As$_2$, $x$=0 and 0.07, down to temperatures of 50~mK, $\sim T_c/50$. Isovalent substitution of Na for K significantly increases impurity scattering, with $ρ(T_c)$ rising from 0.2 to 2.2 $μΩ$cm, and leads to a suppression of $T_c$ from 3.5~K to 2.8~K. At the same time, a close to $T$-linear $Δλ(T)$ in pure samples changes to almost $T^2$ in the substituted samples. The behavior never becomes exponential as expected for the accidental nodes, as opposed to $T^2$ dependence in superconductors with symmetry imposed line nodes. The superfluid density in the full temperature range follows a simple clean and dirty $d$-wave dependence, for pure and substituted samples, respectively. This result contradicts suggestions of multi-band scenarios with strongly different gap structure on four sheets of the Fermi surface.

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arXiv2014

Comparative study of the effects of electron irradiation and natural disorder in single crystals of SrFe$_{2}$(As$_{1-x}$P$_x$)$_2$ ($x=$0.35) superconductor

London penetration depth, $λ(T)$, was measured in single crystals of SrFe$_2$(As$_{1-x}$P$_x$)$_2$ ($x=$0.35) iron - based superconductor. The influence of disorder on the transition temperature, $T_c$, and on $λ(T)$ was investigated. The effects of scattering controlled by the annealing of as-grown crystals was compared with the effects of artificial disorder introduced by 2.5~MeV electron irradiation. The low temperature behavior of $λ(T)$ can be described by a power-law function, $Δλ(T)=AT^n$, with the exponent $n$ close to one in pristine annealed samples, as expected for superconducting gap with line nodes. Upon $1.2 \times 10^{19}$ \ecm irradiation, the exponent $n$ increases rapidly exceeding a dirty limit value of $n=$ 2 implying that the nodes in the superconducting gap are accidental and can be lifted by the disorder. The variation of the exponent $n$ with $T_c$ is much stronger in the irradiated crystals compared to the crystals in which disorder was controlled by the annealing of the growth defects. We discuss the results in terms of different influence of different types of disorder on intra- and inter- band scattering.

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arXiv2014

Effect of electron irradiation on superconductivity in single crystals of Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Ru$_{x}$)$_2$As$_2$ ($x=$0.24)

A single crystal of isovalently substituted Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Ru$_{x}$)$_2$As$_2$ ($x=0.24$) was sequentially irradiated with 2.5 MeV electrons up to a maximum dose of $2.1 \times 10^{19}$ electrons/cm^2. The electrical resistivity was measured \textit{in - situ} at $T=$22 K during the irradiation and \textit{ex - situ} as a function of temperature between subsequent irradiation runs. Upon irradiation, the superconducting transition temperature, $T_c$, decreases and the residual resistivity, $ρ_0$, increases. We find that electron irradiation leads to the fastest suppression of $T_c$ compared to other types of artificially introduced disorder, probably due to the strong short-range potential of the point-like irradiation defects. A more detailed analysis within a multiband scenario with variable scattering potential strength shows that the observed $T_c$ vs. $ρ_0$ is fully compatible with $s_\pm$ pairing, in contrast to earlier claims that this model leads to a too rapid a suppression of $T_c$ with scattering.

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arXiv2014

On infrared pseudogap in cuprate and pnictide high-temperature superconductors

We investigate infrared manifestations of the pseudogap in the prototypical cuprate and pnictide superconductors: YBa2Cu3Oy and BaFe2As2 (Ba122) systems. We find remarkable similarities between the spectroscopic features attributable to the pseudogap in these two classes of superconductors. The hallmarks of the pseudogap state in both systems include a weak absorption feature at about 500 cm-1 followed by a featureless continuum between 500 and 1500 cm-1 in the conductivity data and a significant suppression in the scattering rate below 700 - 900 cm-1. The latter result allows us to identify the energy scale associated with the pseudogap $Δ_{PG}$. We find that in the Ba122-based materials the superconductivity-induced changes of the infrared spectra occur in the frequency region below 100 - 200 cm-1, which is much lower than the energy scale of the pseudogap. We performed theoretical analysis of the scattering rate data of the two compounds using the same model which accounts for the effects of the pseudogap and electron-boson coupling. We find that the scattering rate suppression in Ba122-based compounds below $Δ_{PG}$ is solely due to the pseudogap formation whereas the impact of the electron-boson coupling effects is limited to lower frequencies. The magnetic resonance modes used as inputs in our modeling are found to evolve with the development of the pseudogap, suggesting an intimate correlation between the pseudogap and magnetism.

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arXiv2014

Interplane resistivity of underdoped single crystals (Ba$_{1-x}$K$_x$)Fe$_2$As$_2$, $0 \leq x<0.34$

Temperature-dependent inter-plane resistivity, $ρ_c(T)$, was measured in hole-doped iron-arsenide superconductor (Ba$_{1-x}$K$_x$)Fe$_2$As$_2$ over a doping range from parent compound to optimal doping $T_c\approx 38~K$, $0\leq x \leq 0.34$. Measurements were undertaken on high-quality single crystals grown from FeAs flux. The coupled magnetic/structural transition at $T_{SM}$ leads to clear accelerated decrease of $ρ_c(T)$ on cooling in samples with $T_c <$26~K ($x <0.25$). This decrease in hole-doped material is in notable contrast to an increase in $ρ_c(T)$ in the electron-doped Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$)Fe $_2$As$_2$ and iso-electron substituted BaFe$_2$(As$_{1-x}$P$_x$)$_2$. The $T_{SM}$ decreases very sharply with doping, dropping from $T_s$=71~K to zero on increase of $T_c$ from approximately 25 to 27~K. The $ρ_c(T)$ becomes $T$-linear close to optimal doping. The broad crossover maximum in $ρ_c(T)$, found in the parent BaFe$_2$As$_2$ at around $T_{max} \sim$200~K, shifts to higher temperature $\sim$250~K with doping $x$=0.34. The maximum shows clear correlation with the broad crossover feature found in the temperature-dependent in-plane resistivity $ρ_a(T)$. The doping evolution of $T_{max}$ in (Ba$_{1-x}$K$_x$)Fe$_2$As$_2$ is in notable contrast with both rapid suppression of $T_{max}$ found in Ba(Fe$_{1-x}TM_x$)$_2$As$_2$ ($TM$=Co,Rh,Ni,Pd) and its rapid increase BaFe$_2$(As$_{1-x}$P$_x$)$_2$. This observation suggest that pseudogap features are much stronger in hole-doped than in electron-doped iron-based superconductors, revealing significant electron-hole doping asymmetry similar to the cuprates. This paper replaces: cond-mat:1106.0533.

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arXiv2014

Evolution of the superconducting energy gap structure concomitant with Fermi surface reconstruction in the heavy-fermion superconductor CeCoIn5

The London penetration depth, $λ(T)$ was measured in single crystals of Ce$_{1-x}R_x$CoIn$_5$, $R$=La, Nd and Yb down to 50~mK ($T_c/T \sim$50) using a tunnel-diode resonator. In the cleanest samples $Δλ(T)$ is best described by the power law, $Δλ(T) \propto T^{n}$, with $n \sim 1$, consistent with line nodes. Substitutions of Ce with La, Nd and Yb lead to similar monotonic suppressions of $T_c$, however the effects on $Δλ(T)$ differ. While La and Nd doping results in an increase of the exponent to $n \sim 2$, as expected for a dirty nodal superconductor, Yb doping leads to $n > 3$, inconsistent with nodes, suggesting a change from nodal to nodeless superconductivity where Fermi surface topology changes were reported, implying that the nodal structure and Fermi surface topology are closely linked.

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arXiv2014

Superconductivity and Physical Properties of CaPd2Ge2 Single Crystals

We present the superconducting and normal state properties of CaPd2Ge2 single crystal investigated by magnetic susceptibility χ, isothermal magnetization M, heat capacity C_p, in-plane electrical resistivity ρand London penetration depth λversus temperature T and magnetic field H measurements. Bulk superconductivity is inferred from the ρ(T) and C_p(T) data. The ρ(T) data exhibit metallic behavior and undergoes a superconducting transition with T_c onset = 1.98 K and zero resistivity state at T_c 0 = 1.67 K. The χ(T) reveal the onset of superconductivity at 2.0 K. For T>2.0 K, the χ(T) and M(H) are weakly anisotropic paramagnetic with χ_ab > χ_c. The C_p(T) confirm the bulk superconductivity below T_c = 1.69(3) K. The superconducting state electronic heat capacity is analyzed within the framework of a single-band α-model of BCS superconductivity and various normal and superconducting state parameters are estimated. Within the α-model, the C_p(T) data and the ab plane λ(T) data consistently indicate a moderately anisotropic s-wave gap with Δ(0)/k_B T_c ~ 1.6, somewhat smaller than the BCS value of 1.764. The relationship of the heat capacity jump at T_c and the penetration depth measurement to the anisotropy in the s-wave gap is discussed.

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arXiv2014

A comprehensive scenario of the single crystal growth and doping dependence of resistivity and anisotropic upper critical fields in (Ba$_{1-x}$K$_x$)Fe$_2$As$_2$ ($0.22 \leq x \leq 1$)

Large high-quality single crystals of hole-doped iron-based superconductor (Ba$_{1-x}$K$_x$)Fe$_2$As$_2$ were grown over a broad composition range $0.22 \leq x \leq 1$ by inverted temperature gradient method. We found that high soaking temperature, fast cooling rate, and adjusted temperature window of the growth are necessary to obtain single crystals of heavily K doped crystals (0.65$\leq x \leq$ 0.92) with narrow compositional distributions as revealed by sharp superconducting transitions in magnetization measurements and close to 100% superconducting volume fraction. The crystals were extensively characterized by x-ray and compositional analysis, revealing monotonic evolution of the $c$-axis crystal lattice parameter with K substitution. Quantitative measurements of the temperature-dependent in-plane resistivity, $ρ(T)$ found doping-independent, constant within error bars, resistivity at room temperature, $ρ(300K)$, in sharp contrast with significant doping dependence in electron and isovalent substituted BaFe$_2$As$_2$ based compositions. The shape of the temperature dependent resistivity, $ρ(T)$, shows systematic doping-evolution, being close to $T^2$ in overdoped and revealing significant contribution of the $T$-linear component at optimum doping. The slope of the upper critical field, $d H_{c2}/dT$, scales linearly with $T_c$ for both $H\parallel c$, $ H_{c2,c}$, and $H \parallel ab$, $H_{c2,ab}$. The anisotropy of the upper critical field, $γ\equiv H_{c2,ab} / H_{c2,c}$ determined near zero-field $T_c$ increases from $\sim$2 to 4-5 with increasing K doping level from optimal $x \sim$0.4 to strongly overdoped $x$=1.

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arXiv2013

Wiedemann-Franz law and non-vanishing temperature scale across the field-tuned quantum critical point of YbRh2Si2

The in-plane thermal conductivity kappa(T) and electrical resistivity rho(T) of the heavy-fermion metal YbRh2Si2 were measured down to 50 mK for magnetic fields H parallel and perpendicular to the tetragonal c axis, through the field-tuned quantum critical point, Hc, at which antiferromagnetic order ends. The thermal and electrical resistivities, w(T) and rho(T), show a linear temperature dependence below 1 K, typical of the non-Fermi liquid behavior found near antiferromagnetic quantum critical points, but this dependence does not persist down to T = 0. Below a characteristic temperature T* ~ 0.35 K, which depends weakly on H, w(T) and rho(T) both deviate downward and converge in the T = 0 limit. We propose that T* marks the onset of short-range magnetic correlations, persisting beyond Hc. By comparing samples of different purity, we conclude that the Wiedemann-Franz law holds in YbRh2Si2, even at Hc, implying that no fundamental breakdown of quasiparticle behavior occurs in this material. The overall phenomenology of heat and charge transport in YbRh2Si2 is similar to that observed in the heavy-fermion metal CeCoIn5, near its own field-tuned quantum critical point.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2013

Effect of heavy-ion irradiation on London penetration depth in over-doped Ba(Fe,Co)2As2

Irradiation with 1.4 GeV $^{208}$Pb ions was used to induce artificial disorder in single crystals of iron-arsenide superconductor Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$)$_2$As$_2$ and to study its effect on the temperature-dependent London penetration depth and transport properties. Study was undertaken on overdoped single crystals with $x$=0.108 and $x$=0.127 characterized by notable modulation of the superconducting gap. Irradiation with doses 2.22$\times10^{11}$$\textit{d}$/cm$^2$ and 2.4$\times10^{11}$$\textit{d}$/cm$^2$, corresponding to the matching fields of $B_ϕ = $6 T and 6.5 T, respectively, suppresses the superconducting $T_c$ by approximately 0.3 to 1 K. The variation of the low-temperature penetration depth in both pristine and irradiated samples is well described by the power-law, $Δλ(T)=AT^n$. Irradiation increases the magnitude of the pre-factor $A$ and decreases the exponent $n$, similar to the effect of irradiation in optimally doped samples. This finding supports universal $s_{\pm}$ pairing in Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$)$_2$As$_2$ compounds for the whole Co doping range.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2013

Superconducting and Normal State Properties of APd2As2 (A = Ca, Sr, Ba) Single Crystals

The synthesis and crystallography, magnetic susceptibility chi, magnetization M, specific heat Cp, in-plane electrical resistivity rho and in-plane magnetic penetration depth measurements are reported for single crystals of APd2As2 (A = Ca, Sr, Ba) versus temperature T and magnetic field H. The crystals were grown using PdAs self-flux. CaPd2As2 and SrPd2As2 crystallize in a collapsed body-centered tetragonal ThCr2Si2-type structure (I4/mmm), whereas BaPd2As2 crystallizes in the primitive tetragonal CeMg2Si2-type structure (P4/mmm), in agreement with literature data. The rho(T) data exhibit metallic behavior for all three compounds. Bulk superconductivity is reported for CaPd2As2 and SrPd2As2 below Tc = 1.27 and 0.92 K, respectively, whereas only a trace of superconductivity is found in BaPd2As2. No other phase transitions were observed. The chi(T) and M(H) data reveal anisotropic diamagnetism in the normal state, with chi_c > chi_ab for CaPd2As2 and BaPd2As2, and chi_c < chi_ab for SrPd2As2. The normal and superconducting state data indicate that CaPd2As2 and SrPd2As2 are conventional type-II nodeless s-wave electron-phonon superconductors. The electronic superconducting-state heat capacity data for CaPd2As2, which has an extremely sharp heat capacity jump at Tc, are analyzed using our recent elaboration of the alpha-model of the BCS theory of superconductivity, which indicates that the s-wave gap in this compound is anisotropic in momentum space.

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arXiv2013

Rutgers relation for the analysis of superfluid density in superconductors

It is shown that the thermodynamic Rutgers relation for the second order phase transitions can be used for the analysis of the superfluid density data irrespective of complexities of the Fermi surface, structure of the superconducting gap, pairing strength, or scattering. The only limitation is that critical fluctuations should be weak, so that the mean field theory of the second order phase transitions is applicable. By using the Rutgers relation, the zero temperature value of the London penetration depth, $λ(0)$, is related to the specific heat jump $ΔC$ and the slope of upper critical field $dH_{c2}/dT$ at the transition temperature $T_c$, provided the data on $Δλ=λ(T)-λ(0)$ are available in a broad temperature domain. We then provide a new way of determination of $λ(0)$, the quantity difficult to determine within many techniques.

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arXiv2013

Sign-reversal of the in-plane resistivity anisotropy in hole-doped iron pnictides

The in-plane anisotropy of the electrical resistivity across the coupled orthorhombic and magnetic transitions of the iron pnictides has been extensively studied in the parent and electron-doped compounds. All these studies universally show that the resistivity $ρ_{a}$ across the long orthorhombic axis $a_{O}$ - along which the spins couple antiferromagnetically below the magnetic transition temperature - is smaller than the resistivity $ρ_{b}$ of the short orthorhombic axis $b_{O}$, i. e. $ρ_{a}<ρ_{b}$. Here we report that in the hole-doped compounds Ba$_{1-x}$K$_{x}$Fe$_{2}$As$_{2}$, as the doping level increases, the resistivity anisotropy initially becomes vanishingly small, and eventually changes sign for sufficiently large doping, i. e. $ρ_{b}<ρ_{a}$. This observation is in agreement with a recent theoretical prediction that considers the anisotropic scattering of electrons by spin-fluctuations in the orthorhombic/nematic state.

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arXiv2013

Millimeter-wave surface impedance of optimally-doped Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 single crystals

Precision measurements of active and reactive components of in-plane microwave surface impedance were performed in single crystals of optimally-doped Fe-based superconductor Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 (x = 0.074, Tc = 22.8 K). Measurements in a millimeter wavelength range (Ka band, 35-40 GHz) were performed using whispering gallery mode excitations in the ultrahigh quality factor quasioptical sapphire disk resonator with YBa2Cu2O7 superconducting (Tc = 90 K) end plates. The temperature variation of the London penetration depth is best described by a power-law function, delta λ(T) is proportional to T with the exponent n, n = 2.8, in reasonable agreement with radio-frequency measurements on crystals of the same batch. This power-law dependence is characteristic of a nodeless superconducting gap in the extended s-wave pairing scenario with a strong pair-breaking scattering. The quasiparticle conductivity of the samples, σ1(T), gradually increases with the decrease of temperature, showing no peak below or at Tc, in notable contrast with the behavior found in the cuprates. The temperature-dependent quasiparticle scattering rate was analyzed in a two-fluid model, assuming the validity of the Drude description of conductivity and generalized expression for the scattering rate. This analysis allows us to estimate the range of the values of a residual surface resistance from 3 to 6 mOhm.

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arXiv2013

Effect of Heavy-Ion Irradiation on Superconductivity in Single Crystals of Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2 Pnictide Superconductor

The London penetration depth was measured in optimally doped Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2 crystals, with and without columnar defects produced by 1.4 GeV 208Pb irradiation. The low temperature behavior of unirradiated samples was consistent with a fully gapped superconducting state with a minimum energy gap delta_min/(k_B T_C) = 1. Similar gap values were observed for irradiation levels corresponding to mean column-column separations of 32 nm and 22 nm. At very high irradiation levels (column-column separation of 10 nm) a T^2 power law was observed below Tc/3, most likely due to elevated scattering. Neither the location nor the sharpness of the superconducting transition was affected by irradiation. The data provides evidence for an s+/- pairing state.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2013

Inter-plane resistivity of isovalent doped BaFe$_2$(As$_{1-x}$P$_x$)$_2$

Temperature-dependent inter-plane resistivity, $ρ_c(T)$, was measured for the iron-based superconductor BaFe$_2$(As$_{1-x}$P$_x$)$_2$ over a broad isoelectron phosphorus substitution range from $x$=0 to $x$=0.60, from non-superconducting parent compound to heavily overdoped superconducting composition with $T_c\approx 10 K$. The features due to structural and magnetic transitions are clearly resolved in $ρ_c(T)$ of the underdoped crystals. A characteristic maximum in $ρ_c(T)$, found in the parent BaFe$_2$As$_2$ at around 200 K, moves rapidly with phosphorus substitution to high temperatures. At the optimal doping, the inter-plane resistivity shows $T$-linear temperature dependence without any cross-over anomalies, similar to the previously reported in-plane resistivity. This observation is in stark contrast with dissimilar temperature dependences found at optimal doping in electron-doped Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$)$_2$As$_2$. Our finding suggests that despite similar values of the resistivity and its anisotropy, the temperature dependent transport in the normal state is very different in electron and isoelectron doped compounds. Similar temperature dependence of both in-plane and inter-plane resistivities, in which the dominant contributions are coming from different parts of the Fermi surface, suggests that scattering is the same on the whole Fermi surface. Since magnetic fluctuations are expected to be much stronger on the quasi-nested sheets, this observation may point to the importance of the inter-orbital scattering between different sheets.

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arXiv2013

Magnetic field tuned quantum criticality of heavy fermion system YbPtBi

In this paper, we present the systematic measurements of the temperature and magnetic field dependences of the thermodynamic and transport properties of the Yb-based heavy fermion YbPtBi for temperatures down to 0.02 K with magnetic fields up to 140 kOe to address the possible existence of a field-tuned quantum critical point. Measurements of magnetic field and temperature dependent resistivity, specific heat, thermal expansion, Hall effect, and thermoelectric power indicate that the AFM order can be suppressed by applied magnetic field of $H_{c}$ $\sim$ 4 kOe. In the $H-T$ phase diagram of YbPtBi, three regimes of its low temperature states emerges: (I) AFM state, characterized by spin density wave (SDW) like feature, which can be suppressed to $T$ = 0 by the relatively small magnetic field of $H_{c}$ $\sim$ 4\,kOe, (II) field induced anomalous state in which the electrical resistivity follows $Δρ(T) \propto T^{1.5}$ between $H_{c}$ and $\sim$ 8 kOe, and (III) Fermi liquid (FL) state in which $Δρ(T) \propto T^{2}$ for $H \geq$ 8 kOe. Regions I and II are separated at $T$ = 0 by what appears to be a quantum critical point. Whereas region III appears to be a FL associated with the hybridized 4$f$ states of Yb, region II may be a manifestation of a spin liquid state.

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