arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M. Aw.
The Schwinger-Dyson formalism is used to check the consistency of instanton model solutions for the quark propagator with recent models of confining gluon propagators. We find that the models are not consistent. A major discrepancy is the absence of a vector condensate in the instanton model that is present in the solutions with nonperturbative confining gluons.
We calculate the leading direct-instanton contributions to the operator product expansion of the nucleon correlator in a magnetic background field and set up improved QCD sum rules for the nucleon magnetic moments. Remarkably, the instanton contributions are found to affect only those sum rules which had previously been considered unstable. The new sum rules show good stability and reproduce the experimental values of the nucleon magnetic moments with values of $χ$, the quark condensate magnetic susceptibility, consistent with other estimates.
The $NN$ scattering near inelastic threshold is sensitive to the long-range diagonal interaction in the produced isobar channel. Earlier models included meson exchange potentials in the $NN$ sector and connecting that sector to isobar channels, as well as an $R$-matrix description of short-range quark effects. Including the diagonal pion exchange contributions in the $NΔ$ channels coupled to the very inelastic ${}^1D_2$ and ${}^3F_3$ $NN$ channels substantially improves those phase parameters and the observables $Δσ_{L}$ and $Δσ_{T}$. The same improvement is made to the other $I=1$ $NN$ channels. In the ${}^1S_0$ $NN$ channel coupling to the $ΔΔ$ channel is unusually important due to the $L=2$ angular momentum barrier in the $NΔ$ channel. The pion exchange transition potentials between isobar channels are included in this partial wave to obtain the correct equilibrium between one- and two-pion decay channels. Other improvements to earlier models have been made, in the specification of isobar channels and the inclusion of decay width effects in more channels. A comparison is made with all the $pp$ data for $T_L \le 800$~MeV, producing a very good fit over the whole energy range.