arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M. Beneke.
I review the meaning of ``QCD factorization'' in hadronic two-body B decays and then discuss recent results of theoretical (rather than phenomenological) nature: the proof of factorization at two loops; the identification of ``chirally enhanced'' power corrections; and the role of annihilation contributions.
We examine some consequences of the QCD factorization approach to non-leptonic B decays into $πK$ and $ππ$ final states, including a set of enhanced power corrections. Among the robust predictions of the approach we find small strong-interaction phases (with one notable exception) and a pattern of CP-averaged branching fractions, which in some cases differ significantly from the current central values reported by the CLEO Collaboration.
We provide a rigorous basis for factorization for a large class of non-leptonic two-body $B$-meson decays in the heavy-quark limit. The factorization formula incorporates elements of the naive factorization approach and the hard-scattering approach, but allows us to compute systematically radiative (``non-factorizable'') corrections to naive factorization for decays such as $B\to Dπ$ and $B\to ππ$. We discuss the factorization formula for a general final state from a general point of view. We then consider factorization for decays into heavy-light final states (such as $B\to Dπ$) in more detail, including a proof of the factorization formula at two-loop order. Explicit results for the leading QCD corrections to factorization are presented and compared to existing measurements of branching fractions and final-state interaction phases.
According to our present understanding many $J/ψ$ production processes proceed through a coloured $c\bar{c}$ state followed by the emission of soft particles in the quarkonium rest frame. The kinematic effect of soft particle emission is usually a higher-order effect in the non-relativistic expansion, but becomes important near the kinematic endpoint of quarkonium energy (momentum) distributions. In an intermediate region a systematic resummation of the non-relativistic expansion leads to the introduction of so-called `shape functions'. In this paper we provide an implementation of the kinematic effect of soft gluon emission which is consistent with the non-relativistic shape function formalism in the region where it is applicable and which models the extreme endpoint region. We then apply the model to photoproduction of $J/ψ$ and $J/ψ$ production in $B$ meson decay. A satisfactory description of $B$ decay data is obtained. For inelastic charmonium photoproduction we conclude that a sensible comparison of theory with data requires a transverse momentum cut larger than the currently used 1 GeV.
Using non-relativistic effective theories, new next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD corrections to the total $t\bar t$ production cross section at the Linear Collider have been calculated recently. In this article the NNLO calculations of several groups are compared and the remaining uncertainties are discussed. The theoretical prospects for an accurate determination of top quark mass parameters are discussed in detail. An outlook on possible future improvements is given.
Talk given at XIXth International Symposium on Lepton and Photon Interactions at High Energies (LP 99), Stanford, California, 9-14 August 1999.
We determine the bottom $\bar{\rm MS}$ quark mass $\bar{m}_b$ and the quark mass in the potential subtraction scheme from moments of the $b\bar{b}$ production cross section and from the mass of the Upsilon 1S state at next-to-next-to-leading order in a reorganized perturbative expansion that sums Coulomb exchange to all orders. We find $\bar{m}_b(\bar{m}_b)=(4.25\pm 0.08) $GeV and $m_{b,\rm PS}(2 {GeV})=(4.59\pm 0.08) $GeV for the potential-subtracted mass at the scale 2 GeV, adopting a conservative error estimate.
In this review I cover recent developments concerning the construction of non-relativistic effective theories for perturbative heavy quark-antiquark systems and heavy quark mass definitions. I then discuss next-to-next-to-leading order results on quarkonium masses and decay, top quark pair production near threshold and QCD sum rules for $Υ$ mesons.
The present theoretical status of top quark pair production near threshold at (future) $e^+ e^-$ ($μ^+μ^-$) colliders is summarized.
Exclusive, non-leptonic, two-body decays of B mesons simplify greatly in the heavy quark limit. In this talk I discuss the factorized structure that holds in this limit and some of its consequences: (a) naive factorization is recovered in a certain limit; (b) `non-factorizable' effects are hard and can be calculated; (c) strong interaction phases vanish in the heavy quark limit (and can be calculated as well). As an illustration, I compute the penguin contribution to the decay $B_d\toπ^+π^-$ and its effect on the determination of $\sin 2α$.
We use the threshold expansion and non-relativistic effective theory to determine the bottom quark mass from moments of the $b\bar{b}$ production cross section at next-to-next-to-leading order in the (resummed) perturbative expansion, and including a summation of logarithms. For the $\bar{\rm MS}$ mass $\bar{m}_b$, we find $\bar{m}_b(\bar{m}_b)=(4.26\pm 0.12)$ GeV.
We compute the QCD corrections to the decay rate difference in the $B_s-\bar B_s$ system, $ΔΓ_{B_s}$, in the next-to-leading logarithmic approximation using the heavy quark expansion approach. Going beyond leading order in QCD is essential to obtain a proper matching of the Wilson coefficients to the matrix elements of local operators from lattice gauge theory. The lifetime difference is reduced considerably at next-to-leading order. We find $(ΔΓ/Γ)_{B_s}=(f_{B_s}/210 MeV)^2 [0.006 B(m_b)+0.150 B_S(m_b)-0.063]$ in terms of the bag parameters $B, B_S$ in the NDR scheme. As a further application of our analysis we also derive the next-to-leading order result for the mixing-induced CP asymmetry in inclusive $b\to u\bar ud$ decays, which measures $\sin 2α$.
We show that, in the heavy quark limit, the hadronic matrix elements that enter $B$ meson decays into two light mesons can be computed from first principles, including `non-factorizable' strong interaction corrections, and expressed in terms of form factors and meson light-cone distribution amplitudes. The conventional factorization result follows in the limit when both power corrections in $1/m_b$ and radiative corrections in $α_s$ are neglected. We compute the order-$α_s$ corrections to the decays $B_d\toπ^+π^-$, $B_d\toπ^0π^0$ and $B^+\toπ^+π^0$ in the heavy quark limit and briefly discuss the phenomenological implications for the branching ratios, strong phases and CP violation.
We consider top-anti-top production near threshold in $e^+ e^-$ collisions, resumming Coulomb-enhanced corrections at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO). We also sum potentially large logarithms of the small top quark velocity at the next-to-leading logarithmic level using the renormalization group. The NNLO correction to the cross section is large, and it leads to a significant modification of the peak position and normalization. We demonstrate that an accurate top quark mass determination is feasible if one abandons the conventional pole mass scheme and if one uses a subtracted potential and the corresponding mass definition. Significant uncertainties in the normalization of the $t\bar{t}$ cross section, however, remain.
A certain pattern of divergence of perturbative expansions in quantum field theories, related to their small and large momentum behaviour, is known as renormalons. We review formal and phenomenological aspects of renormalon divergence. We first summarize what is known about ultraviolet and infrared renormalons from an analysis of Feynman diagrams. Because infrared renormalons probe large distances, they are closely connected with non-perturbative power corrections in asymptotically free theories such as QCD. We discuss this aspect of the renormalon phenomenon in various contexts, and in particular the successes and failures of renormalon-inspired models of power corrections to hard processes in QCD.
We obtain the operator product expansion of the self-energy in the O(N) non-linear $σ$-model to all orders in the coupling and the large momentum, and to next-to-leading order in 1/N. In the light of this result we discuss recent suggestions that there may be additional power corrections from short distances, associated with defining the coupling constant non-perturbatively. The non-linear $σ$-model provides no evidence for such `non-standard' power corrections. We also find that the OPE converges for sufficiently large external momentum, presumably because there are no multi-particle thresholds at arbitrarily high energies in the 1/N expansion.