arXiv subjects

M. Buballa

Publications and source records attributed to M. Buballa.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2001

Vector and axial-vector correlators in a chirally symmetric model

We present a chirally symmetric hadronic model for the vector and axial-vector correlators in vacuum. The dominant contributions to these correlators come from intermediate pions, rho and a_1 mesons which are calculated in one-loop approximation. The resulting spectral functions are compared with the data obtained by the ALEPH collaboration from tau decay. In the vector channel we find good agreement up to q^2 = 1 GeV^2, in the transverse axial-vector channel up to q^2 = 2 GeV^2, corresponding to the regimes dominated by two-pion or three-pion decay channels, respectively. The longitudinal axial correlator is in almost perfect agreement with the PCAC result.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2001

Self-consistent parametrization of the two-flavor isotropic color-superconducting ground state

Lack of Lorentz invariance of QCD at finite quark chemical potential in general implies the need of Lorentz non-invariant condensates for the self-consistent description of the color-superconducting ground state. Moreover, the spontaneous breakdown of color SU(3) in this state naturally leads to the existence of SU(3) non-invariant non-superconducting expectation values. We illustrate these observations by analyzing the properties of an effective 2-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio type Lagrangian and discuss the possibility of color-superconducting states with effectively gapless fermionic excitations. It turns out that the effect of condensates so far neglected can yield new interesting phenomena.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2000

Meson loop effects in the NJL model at zero and non-zero temperature

We compare two different possibilities to include meson-loop corrections in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model: a strict 1/N_c-expansion in next-to-leading order and a non-perturbative scheme corresponding to a one-meson-loop approximation to the effective action. Both schemes are consistent with chiral symmetry, in particular with the Goldstone theorem and the Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner relation. The numerical part at zero temperature focuses on the pion and the rho-meson sector. For the latter the meson-loop-corrections are crucial in order to include the dominant rho -> pipi-decay channel, while the standard Hartree + RPA approximation only contains unphysical qqbar-decay channels. We find that m_π, f_π, and quantities related to the rho-meson self-energy can be described reasonably with one parameter set in the 1/N_c-expansion scheme, whereas we did not succeed to obtain such a fit in the non-perturbative scheme. We also investigate the temperature dependence of the quark condensate. Here we find consistency with chiral perturbation theory to lowest order. Similarities and differences of both schemes are discussed.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2000

Meson Properties in the 1/N_c-corrected NJL model

Properties of mesons are investigated within the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. We include meson-loop corrections, which are generated via a systematic 1/N_c-expansion in next-to-leading order. We show that our scheme is consistent with chiral symmetry, in particular with the Goldstone theorem and the Gell-Mann Oakes Renner relation. The numerical part focuses on the pion and the rho-meson sector. For the latter the 1/N_c-corrections are crucial in order to include the dominant rho -> pi pi-decay channel, while the leading-order approximation only contains unphysical q\bar q-decay channels. We show that a satisfactory description of the pion electromagnetic form factor can be obtained. Similarities and differences to hadronic models are discussed.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2000

Pion Properties in the 1/N_c-corrected NJL model

We investigate the effect of mesonic fluctuations on the pion propagator in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model by explicitly taking into account 1/N_c corrections. Because of the non-renormalizability of the model we have to regularize the meson loops with an independent cutoff parameter Lambda_M. Whereas for moderate values of Lambda_M the pion properties change only quantitatively we encounter strong instabilities for larger values of Lambda_M.

hep-ph↗

arXiv1999

Modifications of the Rho Meson from the Virtual Pion Cloud in Hot and Dense Matter

The modification of the rho-meson self-energy due to the coupling to in-medium pions is calculated consistently at finite baryon density and temperature, keeping the full 3-momentum dependence in a gauge invariant way. As a function of nucleon density, the rho-meson spectral function is strongly enhanced in the invariant mass region M < 650 MeV, while the maximum, i.e. the pole mass, is slightly shifted upwards. As a function of temperature, for fixed nucleon density, the imaginary part of the self-energy increases further due to Bose-enhancement. At the same time the mass shift from the real part becomes very large. As a consequence of these medium effects, the dilepton rate in the low-mass region M < 650 MeV increases strongly, while the peak at M = 770 MeV disappears.

nucl-th↗

arXiv1999

Strange quark matter with dynamically generated quark masses

Bulk properties of strange quark matter (SQM) are investigated within the SU(3) Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. In the chiral limit the model behaves very similarly to the MIT bag model which is often used to describe SQM. However, when we introduce realistic current quark masses, the strange quark becomes strongly disfavored, because of its large dynamical mass. We conclude that SQM is not absolutely stable.

hep-ph↗

arXiv1998

Momentum Dependence of the Pion Cloud for Rho Mesons in Nuclear Matter

We extend hadronic models for rho-meson propagation in cold nuclear matter via coupling to in-medium pions to include finite three-momentum. Special care is taken to preserve gauge invariance. Consequences for photoabsorption on the proton and on nuclei as well as for the dilepton production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions are discussed.

nucl-th↗

arXiv1998

Quark Droplets in the NJL Mean Field

We study the conditions for the existence of stable quark matter in the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio mean field at zero temperature and discuss its interpretation.

hep-ph↗

arXiv1997

A Microscopic Calculation of Photoabsorption Cross Sections on Protons and Nuclei

A recently developed model for $ρ$-meson propagation in dense hadronic matter is applied to total photoabsorption cross sections in $γ$-proton and $γ$-nucleus reactions. Within the vector dominance model the photon coupling to the virtual pion cloud of the nucleon, two-body meson-exchange currents, as well as $γ$-nucleon resonances are included. Whereas the $γp$ reaction is determined by the low-density limit of the model, higher orders in the nuclear density are important to correctly account for the experimental spectra observed on both light and heavy nuclei over a wide range of photon energies, including the region below the pion threshold. In connection with soft dilepton spectra in high-energy heavy-ion collisions we emphasize the importance of photoabsorption to further constrain the parameters of the model.

nucl-th↗

arXiv1996

A Mean Field Theory of the Chiral Phase Transition

The recent discussions by Kocić and Kogut on the nature of the chiral phase transition are reviewed. The mean-field nature of the transition suggested by these authors is supported in random matrix theory by Verbaarschot and Jackson which reproduces many aspects of QCD lattice simulations. In this paper, we point out physical arguments that favor a mean-field transition, not only for zero density and high temperature, but also for finite density. We show, using the Gross-Neveu model in 3 spatial dimensions in mean-field approximation, how the phase transition is constructed. In order to reproduce the lowering of the $ρ=0$, $T=0$ vacuum evaluated in lattice calculations, we introduce {nucleons} rather than constituent quarks in negative energy states, down to a momentum cut-off of $Λ$. We also discuss Brown-Rho scaling of the hadron masses in relation to the QCD phase transition, and how this scaling affects the CERES and HELIOS-3 dilepton experiments.

nucl-th↗

arXiv1994

Role of Cloud Renormalization in Convolution Models for EMC and Drell-Yan Ratios

Generalizing a recent convolution model of the nucleon which explicitly conserves charge and momentum we reexamine the influence of an enhanced pion field in nuclei on EMC and Drell-Yan ratios. Due to wave function renormalization constants the effect is more than 50% smaller than predicted by the standard pion excess model. In particular there is no discrepancy between the EMC data and our results in the x-region which was expected to be most sensitive to the pion.

nucl-th↗

arXiv1994

Where the Nuclear Pions are

Three recent experiments, which looked at pionic effects in nuclei have concluded that there are no excess pions. This puts into serious question the conventional meson-exchange picture of the nucleon-nucleon interaction. Based on arguments of partial restoration of chiral symmetry with density we propose a resolution to this problem.

nucl-th↗