arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M. E. Perel'man.
Experimentally fixed sound pulse beyond of light speed in the region of anomalous dispersion [W. M. Robertson, e. a. Appl. Phys. Lett, 90, 014102 (2007)] can be explained, as well as the similar superluminal phenomena, by "the nonlocality in the small" of near electromagnetic field at transferring of relevanted excitations.
The refinement and specifications of time-energy uncertainty relations have shown that the experimentally observed phenomena of superluminal signaling are describable by such their form: $ΔEΔτ\geqπ\hbar$, where both standard deviations are negative. When $Δτ<0$, these evanescent photons would be instantly tunneling from one light cone into another on the distance $c| Δτ| $. (This assertion, previously proved via dispersion relations, is described here by the temporal parameters of process.) Special forms of these relations describe the transmutation of particles into their partners of bigger mass, in $K^{0}$ and $B^{0}$ cases and at the $ν$'s transmutations. Thus, the violations of relativistic causality by evanescent particles can be considered as the tunneling, as an analog of the short-term violation of conservation laws at virtual transitions. The absence of Lorentz invariance at such transitions can, probably, allow violations of some other symmetries.
From the microscopic point of view almost all bonds between particles of condensed substances must be performed by exchanges of virtual photons. Consequently the duration of their virtuality must be longer than the extent of their free path in the substance, the magnitudes of all expressions in such inequality are known from low frequencies scattering. This approach allows to suggest that the break of some set of bonds of particles, i.e. the phase transitions, will be originated just at the reversing of established inequality. Such assumption leads to definition of the radius of correlations or bonds: $R_{c}\symbol{126} E^{-2/3}$ that proves the universality of this critical index. The energies E, which can be liberated at phase transitions, are definite for different types of critical phenomena. Reformulation of the Ginzburg-Landau model of phase transitions via expansion of thermodynamic potentials over $R_{c}$, instead temperatures distance, leads to the correct system of all critical indices.
It is shown that the transferring of light signal faster-than-c can take place exclusively as the instantaneous quantum tunneling. Its extent (space size of instanton) must be inversely relative to lack of energy till nearest stable or resonant state. ''Superluminality'' leads to nonlocality ''in small'', in a near field zone, and can be described by 4-vector $A_μ$, the $\mathbf{E}$ and $\mathbf{H}$ fields remain local. These assertions are proven, independently, in the frameworks of general field theory and by the theory of time duration of scattering, with taking into account the entropy growing. They are correlated with peculiarities of tunneling and frustrated total reflection. The results correspond to the Wigner formulation of causality: ''The scattered wave cannot escape a scatterer before the initial wave reaches it'' and are conformed to experimental data on superluminal transferring.