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M. Esposito

Publications and source records attributed to M. Esposito.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

In-flight calibration of ESA Hera's HyperScout-H imager

ESA's Hera space mission is on its way to the mission target, the binary asteroid (65803) Didymos. HyperScout-H, one of the instruments onboard Hera, is a hyperspectral imager operating in the visible and near-infrared regions between 0.65 and 0.95 microns. HyperScout-H will enable a detailed assessment of the composition of both objects, Didymos and its satellite Dimorphos, the characterization of space weathering effects, and the possible presence of exogenous material on their surfaces. To monitor instrument functionality, calibration exposures are acquired regularly. This article describes the in-flight calibrations carried out for HyperScout-H during the commissioning and cruise phases. Bias and dark exposures, as well as stellar field observations, were acquired several times after launch. We update the calibration data and monitor instrument performance in the space environment. In five images, the surface of Mars fills the entire field of view, enabling cross-validation of HyperScout-H results with those reported by other Mars missions. The calibration data indicate that the bias pattern is stable, the dark current remains negligible for short exposures, and the detector response is highly linear. We quantify the field-of-view alignment and geometric distortion, and evaluate the point spread function based on the stellar field observations. Stellar observations and Mars swing-by data provide updated radiometric calibration constants, suggesting that in-flight conditions have slightly modified the detector's spectral response. In-flight calibrations are essential to ensure data quality and reliability. The results obtained for HyperScout-H demonstrate that the instrument can achieve its scientific goals in observations of the Didymos-Dimorphos system.

astro-ph.EP

End-to-end design framework for compressed on-chip pixel-wise spectro-polarimeters

Modern detector manufacturing allows spectral and polarimetric filters to be directly integrated on top of separate detector pixels. This enables the creation of CubeSat-sized spectro-polarimetric instruments that are not much larger than the detector and a lens. Redundancy inherent to the observed scene, offers the opportunity for sparse sampling in the form of not scanning all filters at every location. However, when there are fewer pushbroom steps than filters, data are missing in the resulting data cube. The missing, largely redundant data can be filled in with interpolation methods, often called demosaicers. The choice of filters and their precise layout influences the performance of the instrument after the demosaicing process. In these proceedings we describe a part of a design toolbox for both the filter layout and the optimum parameters for the reconstruction to a full spectro-polarimetric data cube. The design tool is based on training a (neural) network and jointly updating the values of the filters and demosaicer. We optimized a filter layout by training on spectro-polarimetric remote observations of the Earth acquired by SPEX airborne. This optimised filter layout could reconstruct a validation scene from five overlapping snapshots (pushbroom steps), which would take 109 pushbroom steps when measuring with a classical layout and no reconstruction.

astro-ph.IM

Modeling flux tunability in Josephson Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifiers with an open-source frequency-domain simulator

Josephson Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifiers (JTWPAs) are integral parts of many experiments carried out in quantum technologies. Being composed of hundreds of Josephson junction-based unit cells, such devices exhibit complex nonlinear behavior that typically cannot be fully explained with simple analytical models, thus necessitating the use of numerical simulators. A very useful characteristic of JTWPAs is the possibility of being biased by an external magnetic flux, allowing insitu control of the nonlinearity. It is therefore very desirable for numerical simulators to support this feature. Open-source numerical tools that allow to model JTWPA flux biasing, such as WRSPICE or PSCAN2, are based on time-domain approaches,which typically require long simulation times to get accurate results. In this work, we model the gain performance in a prototypical flux-tunable JTWPA by using JosephsonCircuits.jl,a recently developed frequency-domain open-source numerical simulator, which has the benefit of simulation times about 10,000 faster than time-domain methods. By comparing the numerical and experimental results, we validate this approach for modeling the flux dependent behavior of JTWPAs.

quant-ph

Investigating pump harmonics generation in a SNAIL-based Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifier

Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifiers (TWPAs) are extensively employed in experiments involving weak microwave signals for their highly desirable quantum-limited and broadband characteristics. However, TWPAs' broadband nature comes with the disadvantage of admitting the activation of spurious nonlinear processes, such as harmonics generation, that can potentially degrade amplification performance. Here we experimentally investigate a Josephson TWPA device with SNAIL (Superconducting Nonlinear Asymmetric Inductive Element)-based unit cells focusing on the amplification behaviour along with the generation of second and third harmonics of the pump. By comparing experimental results with transient numerical simulations, we demonstrate the influence of Josephson junctions' fabrication imperfections on the occurrence of harmonics and on the gain behaviour.

quant-ph

The GAPS Programme at TNG. XXX: Characterization of the low-density gas giant HAT-P-67 b with GIARPS

HAT-P-67 b is one of the lowest-density gas giants known to date, making it an excellent target for atmospheric characterization through the transmission spectroscopy technique. In the framework of the GAPS large programme, we collected four transit events, with the aim of studying the exoplanet atmosphere and deriving the orbital projected obliquity. We exploited the high-precision GIARPS observing mode of the TNG, along with additional archival TESS photometry, to explore the activity level of the host star. We performed transmission spectroscopy, both in the VIS and in the nIR wavelength range, and analysed the RML effect both fitting the RVs and the Doppler shadow. Based on the TESS photometry, we redetermined the transit parameters of HAT-P-67 b. By modelling the RML effect, we derived a sky-projected obliquity of ($2.2\pm0.4$){\deg} indicating an aligned planetary orbit. The chromospheric activity index $\log\,R^{\prime}_{\rm HK}$, the CCF profile, and the variability in the transmission spectrum of the H$\alpha$ line suggest that the host star shows signatures of stellar activity and/or pulsations. We found no evidence of atomic or molecular species in the VIS transmission spectra, with the exception of pseudo-signals corresponding to Cr I, Fe I, H$\alpha$, Na I, and Ti I. In the nIR range, we found an absorption signal of the He I triplet of 5.56$^{+0.29}_{-0.30}$%(19.0$\sigma$), corresponding to an effective planetary radius of $\sim$3$R_p$ (where $R_p\sim$2$R_J$) which extends beyond the planet's Roche Lobe radius. Owing to the stellar variability, together with the high uncertainty of the model, we could not confirm the planetary origin of the signals found in the optical transmission spectrum. On the other hand, we confirmed previous detections of the infrared He I triplet, providing a 19.0$\sigma$ detection. Our finding indicates that the planet's atmosphere is evaporating.

astro-ph.EP

Precise characterisation of HD 15337 with CHEOPS: a laboratory for planet formation and evolution

We aim to constrain the internal structure and composition of HD 15337 b and c, two short-period planets situated on opposite sides of the radius valley, using new transit photometry and radial velocity data. We acquire 6 new transit visits with the CHaracterising ExOPlanet Satellite (CHEOPS) and 32 new radial velocity measurements from the High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) to improve the accuracy of the mass and radius estimates for both planets. We reanalyse light curves from TESS sectors 3 and 4 and analyse new data from sector 30, correcting for long-term stellar activity. Subsequently, we perform a joint fit of the TESS and CHEOPS light curves, and all available RV data from HARPS and the Planet Finder Spectrograph (PFS). Our model fits the planetary signals, the stellar activity signal and the instrumental decorrelation model for the CHEOPS data simultaneously. The stellar activity was modelled using a Gaussian-process regression on both the RV and activity indicators. We finally employ a Bayesian retrieval code to determine the internal composition and structure of the planets. We derive updated and highly precise parameters for the HD 15337 system. Our improved precision on the planetary parameters makes HD 15337 b one of the most precisely characterised rocky exoplanets, with radius and mass measurements achieving a precision better than 2\% and 7\%, respectively. We are able to improve the precision of the radius measurement of HD 15337 c to 3\%. Our results imply that the composition of HD 15337 b is predominantly rocky, while HD 15337 c exhibits a gas envelope with a mass of at least $0.01\ M_\oplus$.Our results lay the groundwork for future studies, which can further unravel the atmospheric evolution of these exoplanets and give new insights into their composition and formation history and the causes behind the radius gap.

astro-ph.EP

Evidence of apsidal motion and a possible co-moving companion star detected in the WASP-19 system

Love numbers measure the reaction of a celestial body to perturbing forces, such as the centrifugal force caused by rotation, or tidal forces resulting from the interaction with a companion body. These parameters are related to the interior density profile. The non-point mass nature of the host star and a planet orbiting around each other contributes to the periastron precession. The rate of this precession is characterized mainly by the second-order Love number, which offers an opportunity to determine its value. We collected all available radial velocity (RV) data, along with the transit and occultation times from the previous investigations of the system. We supplemented the data set with 19 new RV data points of the host star WASP-19A obtained by HARPS. Here, we summarize the technique for modeling the RV observations and the photometric transit timing variations (TTVs) to determine the rate of periastron precession in this system for the first time. We excluded the presence of a second possible planet up to a period of ~4200 d and with a radial velocity amplitude bigger than ~1 m/s. We show that a constant period is not able to reproduce the observed radial velocities. We also investigated and excluded the possibility of tidal decay and long-term acceleration in the system. However, the inclusion of a small periastron precession term did indeed improve the quality of the fit. We measured the periastron precession rate to be 233 $^{+25}_{-35}$''/. By assuming synchronous rotation for the planet, it indicates a k2 Love number of 0.20 $^{+0.02}_{-0.03}$ for WASP-19Ab. The derived k2 value of the planet has the same order of magnitude as the estimated fluid Love number of other Jupiter-sized exoplanets (WASP-18Ab, WASP-103b, and WASP-121b). A low value of k2 indicates a higher concentration of mass toward the planetary nucleus.

astro-ph.EP

Numerical simulations of Josephson Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifiers (JTWPAs): comparative study of open-source tools

Josephson Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifiers (JTWPAs) are largely exploited in quantum technologies for their broadband and low noise performance in the microwave regime. When one or more microwave tones are applied at the input, such devices show a complex wave-mixing response due to their intrinsic nonlinear nature. Numerical simulations of the JTWPAs nonlinear behaviour provide useful insights not only for the design of such devices, but also for the interpretation and validation of the experimental results. Here we present and discuss a comparative analysis of different open-source tools which can be used for JTWPAs numerical simulations. We focus on two tools for transient simulations, WRSPICE and PSCAN2, and on one tool for direct simulation of the frequency domain behaviour, JosephsonCircuit.jl. We describe the working principle of these three tools and test them considering as a benchmark a JTWPA based on SNAILs (Superconducting Nonlinear Asymmetric Inductive eLement) with realistic experimental parameters. Our results can serve as a guide for numerical simulations of JTWPAs with open-source tools, highlighting advantages and disadvantages depending on the simulation tasks.

quant-ph

TOI-544 b: a potential water-world inside the radius valley in a two-planet system

We report on the precise radial velocity follow-up of TOI-544 (HD 290498), a bright K star (V=10.8), which hosts a small transiting planet recently discovered by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). We collected 122 high-resolution HARPS and HARPS-N spectra to spectroscopically confirm the transiting planet and measure its mass. The nearly 3-year baseline of our follow-up allowed us to unveil the presence of an additional, non-transiting, longer-period companion planet. We derived a radius and mass for the inner planet, TOI-544b, of 2.018 $\pm$ 0.076 R$_{\oplus}$ and 2.89 $\pm$ 0.48 M$_{\oplus}$ respectively, which gives a bulk density of $1.93^{+0.30}_{-0.25}$ g cm$^{-3}$. TOI-544c has a minimum mass of 21.5 $\pm$ 2.0 M$_{\oplus}$ and orbital period of 50.1 $\pm$ 0.2 days. The low density of planet-b implies that it has either an Earth-like rocky core with a hydrogen atmosphere, or a composition which harbours a significant fraction of water. The composition interpretation is degenerate depending on the specific choice of planet interior models used. Additionally, TOI-544b has an orbital period of 1.55 days and equilibrium temperature of 999 $\pm$ 14 K, placing it within the predicted location of the radius valley, where few planets are expected. TOI-544b is a top target for future atmospheric observations, for example with JWST, which would enable better constraints of the planet composition.

astro-ph.EP

InSPECtor: an end-to-end design framework for compressive pixelated hyperspectral instruments

Classic designs of hyperspectral instrumentation densely sample the spatial and spectral information of the scene of interest. Data may be compressed after the acquisition. In this paper we introduce a framework for the design of an optimized, micro-patterned snapshot hyperspectral imager that acquires an optimized subset of the spatial and spectral information in the scene. The data is thereby compressed already at the sensor level, but can be restored to the full hyperspectral data cube by the jointly optimized reconstructor. This framework is implemented with TensorFlow and makes use of its automatic differentiation for the joint optimization of the layout of the micro-patterned filter array as well as the reconstructor. We explore the achievable compression ratio for different numbers of filter passbands, number of scanning frames, and filter layouts using data collected by the Hyperscout instrument. We show resulting instrument designs that take snapshot measurements without losing significant information while reducing the data volume, acquisition time, or detector space by a factor of 40 as compared to classic, dense sampling. The joint optimization of a compressive hyperspectral imager design and the accompanying reconstructor provides an avenue to substantially reduce the data volume from hyperspectral imagers.

eess.IV

TOI-1130: A photodynamical analysis of a hot Jupiter in resonance with an inner low-mass planet

The TOI-1130 is a known planetary system around a K-dwarf consisting of a gas giant planet, TOI-1130 c, on an 8.4-day orbit, accompanied by an inner Neptune-sized planet, TOI-1130 b, with an orbital period of 4.1 days. We collected precise radial velocity (RV) measurements of TOI-1130 with the HARPS and PFS spectrographs as part of our ongoing RV follow-up program. We perform a photodynamical modeling of the HARPS and PFS RVs, and transit photometry from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and the TESS Follow-up Observing Program. We determine the planet masses and radii of TOI-1130 b and TOI-1130 c to be Mb = 19.28 $\pm$ 0.97 M$_\oplus$ and Rb = 3.56 $\pm$ 0.13 R$_\oplus$, and Mc = 325.59 $\pm$ 5.59 M$_\oplus$ and Rc = 13.32+1.55-1.41 R$_\oplus$, respectively. We spectroscopically confirm TOI-1130 b that was previously only validated. We find that the two planets orbit with small eccentricities in a 2:1 resonant configuration. This is the first known system with a hot Jupiter and an inner lower mass planet locked in a mean-motion resonance. TOI-1130 belongs to the small yet increasing population of hot Jupiters with an inner low-mass planet that challenges the pathway for hot Jupiter formation. We also detect a linear RV trend possibly due to the presence of an outer massive companion.

astro-ph.EP

Search for galactic axions with a traveling wave parametric amplifier

A traveling wave parametric amplifier has been integrated in the haloscope of the QUAX experiment. A search for dark matter axions has been performed with a high Q dielectric cavity immersed in a 8 T magnetic field and read by a detection chain having a system noise temperature of about 2.1 K at the frequency of 10.353 GHz. Scanning has been conducted by varying the cavity frequency using sapphire rods immersed into the cavity. At multiple operating frequencies, the sensitivity of the instrument was at the level of viable axion models.

hep-ex

TOI-1055 b: Neptunian planet characterised with HARPS, TESS, and CHEOPS

TOI-1055 is a Sun-like star known to host a transiting Neptune-sized planet on a 17.5-day orbit (TOI-1055 b). Radial velocity (RV) analyses carried out by two independent groups using nearly the same set of HARPS spectra have provided measurements of planetary masses that differ by $\sim$ 2$σ$. Our aim in this work is to solve the inconsistency in the published planetary masses by significantly extending the set of HARPS RV measurements and employing a new analysis tool that is able to account and correct for stellar activity. Our further aim was to improve the precision on measurements of the planetary radius by observing two transits of the planet with the CHEOPS space telescope. We fit a skew normal (SN) function to each cross correlation function extracted from the HARPS spectra to obtain RV measurements and hyperparameters to be used for the detrending. We evaluated the correlation changes of the hyperparameters along the RV time series using the breakpoint technique. We performed a joint photometric and RV analysis using a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) scheme to simultaneously detrend the light curves and the RV time series. We firmly detected the Keplerian signal of TOI-1055 b, deriving a planetary mass of $M_b=20.4_{-2.5}^{+2.6} M_{\oplus}$ ($\sim$12%). This value is in agreement with one of the two estimates in the literature, but it is significantly more precise. Thanks to the TESS transit light curves combined with exquisite CHEOPS photometry, we also derived a planetary radius of $R_b=3.490_{-0.064}^{+0.070} R_{\oplus}$ ($\sim$1.9%). Our mass and radius measurements imply a mean density of $ρ_b=2.65_{-0.35}^{+0.37}$ g cm$^{-3}$ ($\sim$14%). We further inferred the planetary structure and found that TOI-1055 b is very likely to host a substantial gas envelope with a mass of $0.41^{+0.34}_{-0.20}$ M$_\oplus$ and a thickness of $1.05^{+0.30}_{-0.29}$ R$_\oplus$.

astro-ph.EP

Radial velocity confirmation of a hot super-Neptune discovered by TESS with a warm Saturn-mass companion

We report the discovery and confirmation of the planetary system TOI-1288. This late G dwarf harbours two planets: TOI-1288 b and TOI-1288 c. We combine TESS space-borne and ground-based transit photometry with HARPS-N and HIRES high-precision Doppler measurements, which we use to constrain the masses of both planets in the system and the radius of planet b. TOI-1288~b has a period of $2.699835^{+0.000004}_{-0.000003}$ d, a radius of $5.24 \pm 0.09$ R$_\oplus$, and a mass of $42 \pm 3$ M$_\oplus$, making this planet a hot transiting super-Neptune situated right in the Neptunian desert. This desert refers to a paucity of Neptune-sized planets on short period orbits. Our 2.4-year-long Doppler monitoring of TOI-1288 revealed the presence of a Saturn-mass planet on a moderately eccentric orbit ($0.13^{+0.07}_{-0.09}$) with a minimum mass of $84 \pm 7$ M$_\oplus$ and a period of $443^{+11}_{-13}$ d. The 5 sectors worth of TESS data do not cover our expected mid-transit time for TOI-1288 c, and we do not detect a transit for this planet in these sectors.

astro-ph.EP

TOI-969: a late-K dwarf with a hot mini-Neptune in the desert and an eccentric cold Jupiter

The current architecture of a given multi-planetary system is a key fingerprint of its past formation and dynamical evolution history. Long-term follow-up observations are key to complete their picture. In this paper we focus on the confirmation and characterization of the components of the TOI-969 planetary system, where TESS detected a Neptune-size planet candidate in a very close-in orbit around a late K-dwarf star. We use a set of precise radial velocity observations from HARPS, PFS and CORALIE instruments covering more than two years in combination with the TESS photometric light curve and other ground-based follow-up observations to confirm and characterize the components of this planetary system. We find that TOI-969 b is a transiting close-in ($P_b\sim 1.82$ days) mini-Neptune planet ($m_b=9.1^{+1.1}_{-1.0}$ M$_{\oplus}$, $R_b=2.765^{+0.088}_{-0.097}$ R$_{\oplus}$), thus placing it on the {lower boundary} of the hot-Neptune desert ($T_{\rm eq,b}=941\pm31$ K). The analysis of its internal structure shows that TOI-969 b is a volatile-rich planet, suggesting it underwent an inward migration. The radial velocity model also favors the presence of a second massive body in the system, TOI-969 c, with a long period of $P_c=1700^{+290}_{-280}$ days and a minimum mass of $m_{c}\sin{i_c}=11.3^{+1.1}_{-0.9}$ M$_{\rm Jup}$, and with a highly-eccentric orbit of $e_c=0.628^{+0.043}_{-0.036}$. The TOI-969 planetary system is one of the few around K-dwarfs known to have this extended configuration going from a very close-in planet to a wide-separation gaseous giant. TOI-969 b has a transmission spectroscopy metric of 93, and it orbits a moderately bright ($G=11.3$ mag) star, thus becoming an excellent target for atmospheric studies. The architecture of this planetary system can also provide valuable information about migration and formation of planetary systems.

astro-ph.EP

The GAPS Programme at TNG: XXXVI. Measurement of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect and revising the physical and orbital parameters of the HAT-P-15, HAT-P-17, HAT-P-21, HAT-P-26, HAT-P-29 eccentric planetary systems

Aim: We aim to refine the orbital and physical parameters and determine the sky-projected planet orbital obliquity of five eccentric transiting planetary systems: HAT-P-15, HAT-P-17, HAT-P-21, HAT-P-26, and HAT-P-29. Each of the systems hosts a hot Jupiter, except for HAT-P-26 which hosts a Neptune-mass planet. Methods: We observed transit events of these planets with the HARPS-N spectrograph, obtaining high-precision radial velocity measurements that allow us to measure the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect for each of the target systems. We used these new HARPS-N spectra and archival data, including those from Gaia, to better characterise the stellar atmospheric parameters. The photometric parameters for four of the hot Jupiters were recalculated using 17 new transit light curves, obtained with an array of medium-class telescopes, and data from the TESS space telescope. HATNet time-series photometric data were checked for the signatures of rotation periods of the target stars and their spin axis inclination. Results: From the analysis of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect, we derived a sky-projected obliquity of 13, -26.3, -0.7, -26 degree for HAT-P-15b, HAT-P-17b, HAT-P-21b and HAT-P-29b, respectively. Due to the quality of the data, we were not able to well constrain the sky-projected obliquity for HAT-P-26b, although a prograde orbit is favoured. The stellar activity of HAT-P-21 indicates a rotation period of 15.88 days, which allowed us to determine its true misalignment angle (25 degree). Our new analysis of the physical parameters of the five exoplanetary systems returned values compatible with those existing in the literature. Using TESS and the available transit light curves, we reviewed the orbital ephemeris for the five systems and confirmed that the HAT-P-26 system shows transit timing variations, which may tentatively be attributed to the presence of a third body.

astro-ph.EP

The young HD 73583 (TOI-560) planetary system: Two 10-M$_\oplus$ mini-Neptunes transiting a 500-Myr-old, bright, and active K dwarf

We present the discovery and characterisation of two transiting planets observed by \textit{TESS} in the light curves of the young and bright (V=9.67) star HD73583 (TOI-560). We perform an intensive spectroscopic and photometric space- and ground-based follow-up in order to confirm and characterise the system. We found that HD73583 is a young ($\sim 500$~Myr) active star with a rotational period of $12.08 \pm 0.11 $\,d, and a mass and radius of $ 0.73 \pm 0.02 M_\odot$ and $0.65 \pm 0.02 R_\odot$, respectively. HD73583 b ($P_b=6.3980420 _{ - 0.0000062 }^{+0.0000067}$ d) has a mass and radius of $10.2 _{-3.1}^{+3.4} M_\oplus$ and$2.79 \pm 0.10 R_\oplus$, respectively, that gives a density of $2.58 _{-0.81}^{ 0.95} {\rm g\,cm^{-3}}$. HD73583 c ($P_c= 18.87974 _{-0.00074 }^{+0.00086}$) has a mass and radius of $9.7_{-1.7} ^ {+1.8} M_\oplus$ and $2.39_{-0.09}^{+0.10} R_\oplus$, respectively, this translates to a density of $3.88 _{-0.80}^{+0.91} {\rm g\,cm^{-3}}$. Both planets are consistent with worlds made of a solid core surrounded by a volatile envelope. Because of their youth and host star brightness, they both are excellent candidates to perform transmission spectroscopy studies. We expect ongoing atmospheric mass-loss for both planets caused by stellar irradiation. We estimate that the detection of evaporating signatures on H and He would be challenging, but doable with present and future instruments.

astro-ph.EP

TOI-1268b: the youngest, hot, Saturn-mass transiting exoplanet

We report the discovery of TOI-1268b, a transiting Saturn-mass planet from the TESS space mission. With an age of less than one Gyr, derived from various age indicators, TOI-1268b is the youngest Saturn-mass planet known to date and contributes to the small sample of well characterised young planets. It has an orbital period of $P\,=\,8.1577080\pm0.0000044$ days, and transits an early K dwarf star with a mass of $M_\star$ = $ 0.96 \pm 0.04$ $M_{\odot}$, a radius of $R_\star$ = $ 0.92 \pm 0.06$ $R_{\odot}$, an effective temperature of $T_\mathrm{eff}\,=\,5300\pm100$ K, and a metallicity of $0.36\pm0.06$ dex. By combining TESS photometry with high-resolution spectra acquired with the Tull spectrograph at McDonald observatory, and the high-resolution spectrographs at Tautenburg and Ondrejov observatories, we measured a planetary mass of $M_\mathrm{p}\,=\,96.4 \pm 8.3\,M_{\oplus}$ and a radius of $R_\mathrm{p}\,=\,9.1 \pm 0.6\,R_{\oplus}$. TOI-1268 is an ideal system to study the role of star-planet tidal interactions for non-inflated Saturn-mass planets. We used system parameters derived in this paper to constrain the planet tidal quality factor to the range of $10^{4.5-5.3}$. When compared with the sample of other non-inflated Saturn-mass planets, TOI-1268b is one of the best candidates for transmission spectroscopy studies.

astro-ph.EP