arXiv subjects

M. Farooq

Publications and source records attributed to M. Farooq.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2021

High-Accuracy Absolute Magnetometry with Application to the Fermilab Muon $g-2$ Experiment

We present details of a high-accuracy absolute scalar magnetometer based on pulsed proton NMR. The $B$-field magnitude is determined from the precession frequency of proton spins in a cylindrical sample of water after accounting for field perturbations from probe materials, sample shape, and other corrections. Features of the design, testing procedures, and corrections necessary for qualification as an absolute scalar magnetometer are described. The device was tested at $B = 1.45$\,T but can be modified for a range exceeding 1--3\,T. The magnetometer was used to calibrate other NMR magnetometers and measure absolute magnetic field magnitudes to an accuracy of 19 parts per billion as part of a measurement of the muon magnetic moment anomaly at Fermilab.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2021

Beam dynamics corrections to the Run-1 measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic moment at Fermilab

This paper presents the beam dynamics systematic corrections and their uncertainties for the Run-1 data set of the Fermilab Muon g-2 Experiment. Two corrections to the measured muon precession frequency $ω_a^m$ are associated with well-known effects owing to the use of electrostatic quadrupole (ESQ) vertical focusing in the storage ring. An average vertically oriented motional magnetic field is felt by relativistic muons passing transversely through the radial electric field components created by the ESQ system. The correction depends on the stored momentum distribution and the tunes of the ring, which has relatively weak vertical focusing. Vertical betatron motions imply that the muons do not orbit the ring in a plane exactly orthogonal to the vertical magnetic field direction. A correction is necessary to account for an average pitch angle associated with their trajectories. A third small correction is necessary because muons that escape the ring during the storage time are slightly biased in initial spin phase compared to the parent distribution. Finally, because two high-voltage resistors in the ESQ network had longer than designed RC time constants, the vertical and horizontal centroids and envelopes of the stored muon beam drifted slightly, but coherently, during each storage ring fill. This led to the discovery of an important phase-acceptance relationship that requires a correction. The sum of the corrections to $ω_a^m$ is 0.50 $\pm$ 0.09 ppm; the uncertainty is small compared to the 0.43 ppm statistical precision of $ω_a^m$.

physics.acc-ph↗

arXiv2021

Measurement of the anomalous precession frequency of the muon in the Fermilab Muon g-2 experiment

The Muon g-2 Experiment at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL) has measured the muon anomalous precession frequency $ω_a$ to an uncertainty of 434 parts per billion (ppb), statistical, and 56 ppb, systematic, with data collected in four storage ring configurations during its first physics run in 2018. When combined with a precision measurement of the magnetic field of the experiment's muon storage ring, the precession frequency measurement determines a muon magnetic anomaly of $a_μ({\rm FNAL}) = 116\,592\,040(54) \times 10^{-11}$ (0.46 ppm). This article describes the multiple techniques employed in the reconstruction, analysis and fitting of the data to measure the precession frequency. It also presents the averaging of the results from the eleven separate determinations of ω_a, and the systematic uncertainties on the result.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2021

Measurement of the Positive Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment to 0.46 ppm

We present the first results of the Fermilab Muon g-2 Experiment for the positive muon magnetic anomaly $a_μ\equiv (g_μ-2)/2$. The anomaly is determined from the precision measurements of two angular frequencies. Intensity variation of high-energy positrons from muon decays directly encodes the difference frequency $ω_a$ between the spin-precession and cyclotron frequencies for polarized muons in a magnetic storage ring. The storage ring magnetic field is measured using nuclear magnetic resonance probes calibrated in terms of the equivalent proton spin precession frequency ${\tildeω'^{}_p}$ in a spherical water sample at 34.7$^{\circ}$C. The ratio $ω_a / {\tildeω'^{}_p}$, together with known fundamental constants, determines $a_μ({\rm FNAL}) = 116\,592\,040(54)\times 10^{-11}$ (0.46\,ppm). The result is 3.3 standard deviations greater than the standard model prediction and is in excellent agreement with the previous Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) E821 measurement. After combination with previous measurements of both $μ^+$ and $μ^-$, the new experimental average of $a_μ({\rm Exp}) = 116\,592\,061(41)\times 10^{-11}$ (0.35\,ppm) increases the tension between experiment and theory to 4.2 standard deviations

hep-ex↗

arXiv2016

Comparison of Yields of neutron rich nuclei in Proton and Photon induced $^{238}$U fission

A comparative study of fission of actinides specially $^{238}$U, by proton and bremsstrahlung photon is performed. Relative mass distribution of $^{238}$U fission fragments have been explored theoretically for both proton and photon induced fission. The integrated yield along with charge distribution of the products are calculated to find out the neutron richness in comparison to the nuclei produced by r-process in nucleosynthesis. Some r-process nuclei in intermediate mass range for symmetric fission mode are found to be produced almost two order of magnitude more for proton induced fission than photofission, although rest of the neutron rich nuclei in the asymmetric mode are produced in comparable proportion for both the processes.

nucl-th↗

arXiv2014

Propagation of Fluctuations in Au+Au Collisions at FAIR energy

Event by event fluctuations of particle multiplicities and their ratios are considered to be sensitive probes to the exotic phenomena in high energy heavy ion collisions like phase transtion or the occurence of critical point. These phenomena might take place at different time after the collision based on fulfilling the required conditions at a particular time. Fluctuations are therefore expected to show non-monotonic behaviour at the of time of occurence of these phenomena. Experimentally, fluctuations are measured at freezeout. In this work, using the hybrid version of the UrQMD event generator, we have investigated the propagation of fluctuations of particle multiplicities, their ratios and the ratio of total positive and negative charges in AuAu collisions at E_{lab} < 90 AGeV. Two commonly used experimental measures i.e., {σ^2}/mean and {ν_{dyn}} have been used in the analysis in a given acceptance. The hybrid model, i.e., UrQMD with hydrodynamic evolution has been used to study the effect of hydrodynamic evolution on these conventional fluctuation measures. It is observed that the fluctuations as measured by {σ^2}/mean and {ν_{dyn}} gets reduced considerably at freezeout. The dominat structures present at the initial stage of the evolution get smoothen out. However, the energy dependence of the fluctuations remain preserved till the freezeout. The hydrodynamic evolution of the model with chiral equation of state shows considerably higher fluctuation at lower collision energy as compared to pure hadronic transport version or the hybrid version with hadronic equation of state. The time evolution of the higher order moments of net-proton distributios for particles in a specified coverage showed similar behaviour.

hep-ph↗