arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M. Gubinelli.
We prove existence and uniqueness of martingale solutions to a (slightly) hyperviscous stochastic Navier-Stokes equation in 2d with initial conditions absolutely continuous with respect to the Gibbs measure associated to the energy, getting the results both in the torus and in the whole space setting.
We introduce an explicit description of the $Φ^4_3$ measure on a bounded domain. Our starting point is the interpretation of its Laplace transform as the value function of a stochastic optimal control problem along the flow of a scale regularization parameter. Once small scale singularities have been renormalized by the standard counterterms, $Γ$-convergence allows to extend the variational characterization to the unregularized model.
We introduce a non-linear paracontrolled calculus and use it to renormalise a class of singular SPDEs including certain quasilinear variants of the periodic two dimensional parabolic Anderson model.
These are the notes for a course at the 18th Brazilian School of Probability held from August 3rd to 9th, 2014 in Mambucaba. The aim of the course is to introduce the basic problems of non--linear PDEs with stochastic and irregular terms. We explain how it is possible to handle them using two main techniques: the notion of energy solutions and that of paracontrolled distributions. In order to maintain a link with physical intuitions, we motivate such singular SPDEs via a homogenisation result for a diffusion in a random potential.
We propose a theory of linear differential equations driven by unbounded operator-valued rough signals. As an application we consider rough linear transport equations and more general linear hyperbolic symmetric systems of equations driven by time-dependent vector fields which are only distributions in the time direction.
The Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation is conjectured to universally describe the fluctuations of weakly asymmetric interface growth. Here we provide the first intrinsic well-posedness result for the KPZ equation on the real line by showing that its energy solutions (as introduced by Gonçalves and Jara and later refined by Gubinelli and Jara) are unique. Together with various convergence results already present in the literature, this establishes the weak KPZ universality conjecture for a wide class of models. A remarkable consequence is that the energy solution to the KPZ equation is not equal to the Cole-Hopf solution, but it involves an additional drift $t/12$.
We consider the ordinary differential equation (ODE) $dx_{t} =b(t,x_{t} ) dt+ dw_{t}$ where $w$ is a continuous driving function and $b$ is a time-dependent vector field which possibly is only a distribution in the space variable. We quantify the regularising properties of an arbitrary continuous path $w$ on the existence and uniqueness of solutions to this equation. In this context we introduce the notion of $ρ$-\tmtextit{irregularity} and show that it plays a key role in some instances of the regularisation by noise phenomenon. In the particular case of a function $w$ sampled according to the law of the fractional Brownian motion of Hurst index $H \in (0,1)$, we prove that almost surely the ODE admits a solution for all $b$ in the Besov-Hölder space $B^{α+1}_{\infty , \infty}$ with $α>-1/2H$. If $α>1-1/2H$ then the solution is unique among a natural set of continuous solutions. If $H>1/3$ and $α>3/2-1/2H$ or if $α>2-1/2H$ then the equation admits a unique Lipschitz flow. Note that when $α<0$ the vector field $b$ is only a distribution, nonetheless there exists a natural notion of solution for which the above results apply.
We start a study of various nonlinear PDEs under the effect of a modulation in time of the dispersive term. In particular in this paper we consider the modulated non-linear Schrödinger equation (NLS) in dimension 1 and 2 and the derivative NLS in dimension 1. We introduce a deterministic notion of "irregularity" for the modulation and obtain local and global results similar to those valid without modulation. In some situations, we show how the irregularity of the modulation improves the well--posedness theory of the equations. We develop two different approaches to the analysis of the effects of the modulation. A first approach is based on novel estimates for the regularising effect of the modulated dispersion on the non-linear term using the theory of controlled paths. A second approach is an extension of a Strichartz estimated first obtained by Debussche and Tsutsumi in the case of the Brownian modulation for the quintic NLS.
Rough sheets are two-parameter analogs of rough paths. In this work the theory of integration over functions of two parameters is extended to cover the case of irregular functions by developing an appropriate notion of rough sheet. The main application is to give a path by path construction of the stochastic integral in the plane and obtain a stratonovich change of variables formula.
Starting from the N-particle Nelson Hamiltonian defined by imposing an ultraviolet cutoff, we perform ultraviolet renormalization by showing that in the zero cutoff limit a self-adjoint operator exists after a logarithmically divergent term is subtracted from the original Hamiltonian. We obtain this term as the diagonal part of a pair interaction appearing in the density of a Gibbs measure derived from the Feynman-Kac representation of the Hamiltonian. Also, we show existence of a weak coupling limit of the renormalized Hamiltonian and derive an effective Yukawa interaction potential between the particles.
We prove the existence of a global solution for the filament equation with inital condition given by a geometric rough path in the sense of Lyons (1998).Our work gives a positive answer to a question left open in recent publications: Berselli and Gubinelli (2007) showed the existence of global solution for a smooth initial condition while Bessaih, Gubinelli, Russo (2005) proved the existence of a local solution for a general initial condition given by a rough path.
We study a generalized 1d periodic SPDE of Burgers type: $$ \partial_t u =- A^θu + \partial_x u^2 + A^{θ/2} ξ$$ where $θ> 1/2$, $-A$ is the 1d Laplacian, $ξ$ is a space-time white noise and the initial condition $u_0$ is taken to be (space) white noise. We introduce a notion of weak solution for this equation in the stationary setting. For these solutions we point out how the noise provide a regularizing effect allowing to prove existence and suitable estimates when $θ>1/2$. When $θ>5/4$ we obtain pathwise uniqueness. We discuss the use of the same method to study different approximations of the same equation and for a model of stationary 2d stochastic Navier-Stokes evolution.
The motion of a finite number of point vortices on a two-dimensional periodic domain is considered. In the deterministic case it is known to be well posed only for almost every initial configuration. Coalescence of vortices may occur for certain initial conditions. We prove that when a generic stochastic perturbation compatible with the Eulerian description is introduced, the point vortex motion becomes well posed for every initial configuration, in particular coalescence disappears.
This article is devoted to define and solve an evolution equation of the form $dy_t=Δy_t dt+ dX_t(y_t)$, where $Δ$ stands for the Laplace operator on a space of the form $L^p(\mathbb{R}^n)$, and $X$ is a finite dimensional noisy nonlinearity whose typical form is given by $X_t(φ)=\sum_{i=1}^N x^{i}_t f_i(φ)$, where each $x=(x^{(1)},...,x^{(N)})$ is a $γ$-Hölder function generating a rough path and each $f_i$ is a smooth enough function defined on $L^p(\mathbb{R}^n)$. The generalization of the usual rough path theory allowing to cope with such kind of systems is carefully constructed.
We consider a SDE with a smooth multiplicative non-degenerate noise and a possibly unbounded Holder continuous drift term. We prove existence of a global flow of diffeomorphisms by means of a special transformation of the drift of Ito-Tanaka type. The proof requires non-standard elliptic estimates in Holder spaces. As an application of the stochastic flow, we obtain a Bismut-Elworthy-Li type formula for the first derivatives of the associated diffusion semigroup.
We show how to apply ideas from the theory of rough paths to the analysis of low-regularity solutions to non-linear dispersive equations. Our basic example will be the one dimensional Korteweg--de Vries (KdV) equation on a periodic domain and with initial condition in $\FF L^{α,p}$ spaces. We discuss convergence of Galerkin approximations, a modified Euler scheme and the presence of a random force of white-noise type in time.
This is a review paper on recent work about the connections between rough path theory, the Connes-Kreimer Hopf algebra on rooted trees and the analysis of finite and infinite dimensional differential equation. We try to explain and motivate the theory of rough paths introduced by T. Lyons in the context of differential equations in presence of irregular noises. We show how it is used in an abstract algebraic approach to the definition of integrals over paths which involves a cochain complex of finite increments. In the context of such abstract integration theories we outline a connection with the combinatorics of rooted trees. As interesting examples where these ideas apply we present two infinite dimensional dynamical systems: the Navier-Stokes equation and the Korteweg-de-Vries equation.
The stack of iterated integrals of a path is embedded in a larger algebraic structure where iterated integrals are indexed by decorated rooted trees and where an extended Chen's multiplicative property involves the Dürr-Connes-Kreimer coproduct on rooted trees. This turns out to be the natural setting for a non-geometric theory of rough paths.