arXiv subjects

M. Kaushik

Publications and source records attributed to M. Kaushik.

15 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2021

Structural properties of nuclei with semi-magic number N(Z)=40

Various ground state properties are explored for full isotonic(isotopic) chain of neutron number N(proton number Z)$=$40 using different families of Relativistic Mean-Field theory. Several properties such as nucleon separation energies, pairing energies, deformation, radii and nucleon density distributions are evaluated and compared with the experimental data as well as those from other microscopic and macroscopic models. N$=$40 isotonic chain presents ample of support for the neutron magicity and articulates double magicity in recently discovered $^{60}$Ca and $^{68}$Ni. Our results are in close conformity with recently measured value of charge radius of $^{68}$Ni [S. Kaufmann \textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 132502 (2020)] which supports the N$=$40 magicity. Contrarily, Zr isotopes (Z$=$40) display variety of shapes leading to the phenomenon of shape transitions and shape co-existence. The role of 3s$_{1/2}$ state, which leads to central depletion if unoccupied, is also investigated. $^{56}_{16}$S and $^{122}_{40}$Zr are found to be doubly bubble nuclei.

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arXiv2020

Structural Properties and $α$-Decay Chains of Transfermium Nuclei (101$\leq$Z$\leq$110)

Transfermium nuclei (101$\leq$Z$\leq$110) are investigated thoroughly to describe structural properties viz. deformation, radii, shapes, magicity, etc. as well as their probable decay chains. These properties are explored using relativistic mean-field (RMF) approach and compared with other theories along with available experimental data. Neutron numbers N$=$152 and 162 have come forth with a deformed shell gap whereas N$=$184 is ensured as a spherical magic number. The region with N$>$168 bears witness of the phenomenon of shape transition and shape coexistence for all the considered isotopic chains. Experimental $α$-decay half-lives are compared with our theoretical half-lives obtained by using various empirical/semi-empirical formulas. The recent formula proposed by Manjunatha \textit{et al.}, which results best among the considered 10 formulas, is further modified by adding asymmetry dependent terms ($I$ and $I^2$). This modified Manjunatha formula is utilized to predict probable $α$-decay chains that are found in excellent agreement with available experimental data.

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arXiv2020

Study of Decay Modes in Transfermium Isotopes

In the unknown territory of transfermium nuclei, the relativistic mean-field (RMF) theory has been applied to probe decay modes which include $α$-decay, spontaneous fission (SF), and a less explored weak-decay. These decay modes are analyzed on equal footing for 101$\leq$Z$\leq$109 and as a consequence, the half-lives for weak-decay are indeed found comparable for several isotopes. Our prediction of decay modes and half-lives are found in excellent agreement with available experimental decay modes and half-lives along with the results of some other theories. Out of $α$, $β^+$/EC, $β^-$, and SF, the most probable decay mode is anticipated along with its half-life over a wide range of odd and even nuclei to frame a novel sight into terra incognita.

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arXiv2020

Novel feature of doubly bubble nuclei in 50$\leq$Z(N)$\leq$82 region along with magicity and weakly bound structure

In this work, we identify a unique and novel feature of central density depletion in both proton and neutron named as doubly bubble nuclei in 50$\leq$Z(N)$\leq$82 region. The major role of 2d-3s single-particle (s.p.) states in the existence of halo and bubble nuclei is probed. The occupancy in s.p. state 3s$_{1/2}$ leads to the extended neutron density distribution or halo while the unoccupancy results in the central density depletion. By employing the Relativistic Mean-Field (RMF) approach along with NL3* parameter, the separation energies, single-particle energies, pairing energies, proton, and neutron density profiles along with deformations of even-even nuclei are investigated. Our results are in concise with few other theories and available experimental data. Emergence on new shell closure and the magicity of conventional shell closures are explored systematically in this yet unknown region.

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arXiv2018

Bubble Structure in Magic Nuclei

The existence of bubble nuclei identified by the central depletion in nucleonic density is studied for the conventional magic N (Z) $=$ 8, 20, 28, 40, 50, 82, 126 isotones (isotopes) and recently speculated magic N $=$ 164, 184, 228 superheavy isotones. Many new bubble nuclei are predicted in all regions. Study of density profiles, form factor, single particle levels and depletion fraction (DF) across the periodic chart reveals that the central depletion is correlated to shell structure and occurs due to unoccupancy in s-orbit (2s, 3s, 4s) and inversion of (2s, 1d) and (3s, 1h) states in nuclei upto Z $\le$ 82. Bubble effect in superheavy region is a signature of the interplay between the Coulomb and nn-interaction and depletion fraction (DF) is found to increase with Z (Coulomb repulsion) and decrease with isospin. Our results are consistent with the available data. The occupancy in s-state in $^{34}$Si increases with temperature which appears to quench the bubble effect.

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arXiv2018

Description of Nuclei with Magic Number Z(N) = 6

Encouraged with the evidence for Z = 6 magic number in neutron-rich carbon isotopes, we have performed relativistic mean-field plus BCS calculations to investigate ground state properties of entire chains of isotopes(isotones) with Z(N) = 6 including even and odd mass nuclei. Our calculations include deformation, binding energy, separation energy, single particle energy, rms radii along with charge and neutron density profile etc., and are found in an excellent match with latest experimental results demonstrating Z = 6 as a strong magic number. N = 6 is also found to own similar kind of strong magic character.

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arXiv2018

Distinct ground state features and the decay chains of Z = 121 Superheavy Nuclei

A fully systematic study of even and odd isotopes (281 $\leq$ A $\leq$ 380) of Z = 121 superheavy nuclei is presented in theoretical frameworks of Relativistic mean-field plus state dependent BCS approach and Macroscopic-Microscopic approach with triaxially deformed Nilson Strutinsky prescription. The ground state properties namely shell correction, binding energy, two- and one- proton and neutron separation energy, shape, deformation, density profile and the radius are estimated that show strong evidence for magicity in N = 164, 228. Central depletion in the charge density due to large repulsive Coulomb field indicating bubble-like structure is reported. A comprehensive analysis of the possible decay modes specifically $α$-decay and spontaneous fission (SF) is presented and the probable $α$-decay chains are evaluated. Results are compared with FRDM calculations and the available experimental data which show excellent agreement.

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arXiv2017

Two-Proton Radioactivity with 2p halo in light mass nuclei A$=$18$-$34

Two-proton radioactivity with 2p halo is reported theoretically in light mass nuclei A $=$ 18-34. We predict $^{19}$Mg, $^{22}$Si, $^{26}$S, $^{30}$Ar and $^{34}$Ca as promising candidates of ground state 2p-radioactivity with S$_{2p}$ $<$ 0 and S$_{p}$ $>$ 0. Observation of extended tail of spatial charge density distribution, larger charge radius and study of proton single particle states, Fermi energy and the wave functions indicate 2p halo like structure which supports direct 2p emission. The Coulomb and centrifugal barriers in experimentally identified 2p unbound $^{22}$Si show a quasi-bound state that ensures enough life time for such experimental probes. Our predictions are in good accord with experimental and other theoretical data available so far.

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arXiv2017

Behaviour of pf shell under RMF+BCS Description

We have employed RMF+BCS (relativistic mean-field plus BCS) approach to study behaviour of pf shell with the help of ground state properties of even-even nuclei. Our present investigations include separation energies , deformations, single particle energies, wavefunction, potential as well etc density distribution. As per recent experiments showing neutron magicity at N = 32 for Ca isotopes, our results with mass dependent pairing indicate a shell closure at N = 32 in Ca isotopes and a more strong shell closure at N = 34 in proton deficient 48Si because of reorganization of neutron pf shell. In a similar manner, proton pf shell structure is more likely to produce shell closure at Z = 34 with a doubly magic character for 84,116Se. We have also included N = 40 isotones and Z = 40 isotopes for our study and predicted 60Ca and 68Ni as doubly magic nuclei out of which 60Ca is found near dripline of Ca and a potential candidate for future studies in the chain of Ca isotopes next to doubly magic 52Ca.

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arXiv2017

Study of N = 16 shell closure within RMF+BCS approach

We have employed RMF+BCS (relativistic mean-field plus BCS) ap- proach to study behaviour of N = 16 shell closure with the help of ground state properties of even-even nuclei. Our present investigations include sin- gle particle energies, deformations, separation energies as well as pairing energies etc. As per recent experiments showing neutron magicity at N = 16 for O isotopes, our results indicate a strong shell closure at N = 16 in 22C and 24O. A large gap is found in between neutron 2s1/2 and 1d3/2 states for 22C and 24O. These results are also supported by a sharp increase in two neutron shell gap, zero pairing energy contribution and with excellent agreement with available experimental data. Moreover, our calculations of N = 16 isotones are however found at variance for higher Z isotones like 36Ca, where experiments show high lying first excited 2+ state indicating shell closure at N = 16.

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arXiv2016

Ground State Properties of Neutron Magic Nuclei

A systematic study of the ground state properties of the entire chains of even even neutron magic nuclei represented by isotones of traditional neutron magic numbers N = 8, 20, 40, 50, 82 and 126 has been carried out using relativistic mean field (rmf) plus Bardeen Cooper Schrieffer (BCS) approach. Our present investigation includes deformation, binding energy, two proton separation energy, single particle energy, rms radii along with proton and neutron density profiles, etc. Several of these results are compared with the results calculated using non relativistic approach (Skyrme Hartree Fock method) along with available experimental data and indeed they are found with excellent agreement. In addition, the possible locations of the proton and neutron drip lines, the (Z,N) values for the new shell closures, disappearance of traditional shell closures as suggested by the detailed analyzes of results are also discussed in detail.

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arXiv2013

Halo formation in neutron rich $\rm{Ca}$ nuclei

We have investigated the halo formation in the neutron rich $\rm{Ca}$ isotopes within the framework of recently proposed relativistic mean-field plus BCS (RMF+BCS) approach wherein the single particle continuum corresponding to the RMF is replaced by a set of discrete positive energy states for the calculation of pairing energy. For the neutron rich $\rm{Ca}$ isotopes in the vicinity of neutron drip-line, it is found that further addition of neutrons causes a rapid increase in the neutron rms radius with a very small increase in the binding energy, indicating thereby the occurrence of halos. This is essentially caused by the gradual filling in of the loosely bound $3s_{1/2}$ state. Interesting phenomenon of accommodating several additional neutrons with almost negligible increase in binding energy is shown to be due to the pairing correlations.

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arXiv2013

Study of two-proton radioactivity within the relativstic mean-field plus bcs approach

Encouraged by the success of RMF+BCS approach for the description of the ground state properties of the chains of isotopes of proton magic nuclei with proton number \textit{Z}=8, 20, 28, 50 and 82 as well as those of proton sub-magic nuclei with \textit{Z}=40, we have further employed it, in an analogous manner, for a detailed calculations of the ground state properties of the neutron magic isotones with neutron number \textit{N} = 8, 20, 28, 50, 82 and 126 as well as those of neutron sub-magic isotones with \textit{N} = 40 using the TMA force parameterizations in order to explore low lying resonance and other exotic phenomenon near drip-lines. The results of these calculations for wave-function, single particle pairing gaps etc. are presented here to demonstrate the general validity of our RMF+BCS approach. It is found that, in some of the proton-rich nuclei in the vicinity of the proton drip-line, the main contribution to the pairing correlations is provided by the low-lying resonant states, in addition to the contributions coming from the states close to the Fermi surface, which results extended proton drip-line for isotonic chain.

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arXiv2013

Study of Neutron Magic Drip-Line Nuclei within Relativistic Mean Field plus BCS Approach

Encouraged by the success of RMF+BCS approach for the description of the ground state properties of the chains of isotopes of proton magic nuclei with proton number Z=8, 20, 28, 50 and 82 as well as those of proton sub-magic nuclei with Z=40, we have further employed it, in an analogous manner, for a detailed calculations of the ground state properties of the neutron magic isotones with neutron number N = 8, 20, 28, 50, 82 and 126 as well as those of neutron sub-magic isotones with N = 40 using the TMA force parameterizations in order to explore low lying resonance and other exotic phenomenon near drip-lines. The results of these calculations for wave-function, single particle pairing gaps etc. are presented here to demonstrate the general validity of our RMF+BCS approach. It is found that, in some of the proton-rich nuclei in the vicinity of the proton drip-line, the main contribution to the pairing correlations is provided by the low-lying resonant states, in addition to the contributions coming from the states close to the Fermi surface, which results extended proton drip-line for isotonic chain.

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arXiv2004

Description of Drip-Line Nuclei within Relativistic Mean-Field Plus BCS Approach

Recently it has been demonstrated, considering Ni and Ca isotopes as prototypes, that the relativistic mean-field plus BCS (RMF+BCS) approach wherein the single particle continuum corresponding to the RMF is replaced by a set of discrete positive energy states for the calculation of pairing energy provides a good approximation to the full relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov (RHB) description of the ground state properties of the drip-line neutron rich nuclei. The applicability of RMF+BCS is essentially due to the fact that the main contribution to the pairing correlations is provided by the low-lying resonant states. General validity of this approach is demonstrated by the detailed calculations for the ground state properties of the chains of isotopes of O, Ca, Ni, Zr, Sn and Pb nuclei. The TMA and NL-SH force parameter sets have been used for the effective mean-field Lagrangian. Comprehensive results for the two neutron separation energy, rms radii, single particle pairing gaps and pairing energies etc. are presented. The Ca isotopes are found to exhibit distinct features near the neutron drip line whereby it is found that further addition of neutrons causes a rapid increase in the neutron rms radius with almost no increase in the binding energy, indicating the occurrence of halos. A comparison of these results with the available experimental data and with the recent continuum relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov (RCHB) calculations amply demonstrates the validity and usefulness of this fast RMF+BCS approach.

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