arXiv subjects

M. Marchisone

Publications and source records attributed to M. Marchisone.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2020

Environment-friendly gas mixtures for Resistive Plate Chambers: an experimental and simulation study

Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC) have shown stable operation at the Large Hadron Collider and satisfactory efficiency for the entire Run 1 (2010-2013) and Run 2 (2015-2018) with C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$-based gas mixtures and the addition of SF$_{6}$ and i-C$_{4}$H$_{10}$. Since its global warming potential (GWP) is high, C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$ is phasing out of production due to recent European Union regulations and as a result its cost is progressively increasing. Therefore, finding a new RPC gas mixture with a low GWP has become extremely important. This contribution describes the simulation of the RPC efficiency with tetrafluoropropene C$_{3}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$ (HFO1234ze), a hydrofluoroolefin with very low GWP. Simulation results are systematically compared with measurements of RPC efficiency in C$_{3}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$-based gas mixtures with the addition of different combinations of Ar, He, CO$_{2}$, O$_{2}$ and i-C$_{4}$H$_{10}$ in various concentrations. This simulation allows the study of the interplay between C$_{3}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$ and the other gas components in the mixture as well as may allow the identification of the most promising environment-friendly gas mixtures with C$_{3}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$ for RPCs.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2020

Studies on tetrafluoropropene-based gas mixtures with low environmental impact for Resistive Plate Chambers

Gaseous detectors are widely used in high-energy physics experiments, and in particular at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), to provide tracking and triggering over large volumes. It has been recently estimated that Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC), used for muon detection, have the highest contribution on the overall greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions at the LHC experiments. Gas mixtures for RPCs are mainly made of C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$, which is a greenhouse gas with a high environmental impact in the atmosphere. C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$ is already phasing out of production, due to recent European Union (EU) regulations, and its cost is expected to increase in the near future. Therefore, finding alternative gas mixtures made of gas components with a low Global Warming Potential (GWP) has become extremely important for limiting the GHG emissions as well as for economic reasons. The novel hydrofluoroolefins are likely appropriate candidates to replace C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$ due to their similar chemical structures. This study is focused on the characterization of innovative gas mixtures with tetrafluoropropene HFO1234ze(E) (C$_{3}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$) that is one of the most eco-friendly hydrofluoroolefins, thanks to its very low GWP. HFO1234ze(E)-based gas mixtures with the addition of Ar, N$_{2}$, O$_{2}$ and CO$_{2}$ are extensively discussed in this paper as well as the role of i-C$_{4}$H$_{10}$ and SF$_{6}$ in such mixtures.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2019

Characterization of tetrafluoropropene-based gas mixtures for the Resistive Plate Chambers of the ALICE muon spectrometer

The muon identification system of the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC is based on Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) detectors. These RPCs are operated in the so-called maxi-avalanche mode with a gas mixture made of tetrafluoroethane (C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$), sulfur hexafluoride (SF$_{6}$) and isobutane (i-C$_{4}$H$_{10}$). All of these components are greenhouse gases: in particular, the first two gases are already phasing out of production, due to recent European Union regulations, and their cost is progressively increasing. Therefore, finding a new eco-friendly gas mixture has become extremely important in order to reduce the impact of the RPC operation on the environment, and for economic reasons. Due to the similar chemical structure, hydrofluoroolefins appear appropriate candidates to replace C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$ thanks to their very low GWPs, especially tetrafluoropropene (C$_{3}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$) with the trade name HFO1234ze. In order to identify an eco-friendly gas mixture fulfilling the requirements for operation in the ALICE environment in the coming years, a dedicated experimental set-up has been built to carry out R&D studies on promising gas mixtures. Measurements have been performed with a small-size RPC equipped with the front-end electronics, providing signal amplification, developed for ALICE operation at high luminosity after the LHC Long Shutdown 2. HFO1234ze-based mixtures with the addition of CO$_{2}$ are discussed in this paper as well as the role of i-C$_{4}$H$_{10}$ and SF$_{6}$ as quenchers in such mixtures.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2016

INFN What Next: Ultra-relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

This document was prepared by the community that is active in Italy, within INFN (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare), in the field of ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The experimental study of the phase diagram of strongly-interacting matter and of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) deconfined state will proceed, in the next 10-15 years, along two directions: the high-energy regime at RHIC and at the LHC, and the low-energy regime at FAIR, NICA, SPS and RHIC. The Italian community is strongly involved in the present and future programme of the ALICE experiment, the upgrade of which will open, in the 2020s, a new phase of high-precision characterisation of the QGP properties at the LHC. As a complement of this main activity, there is a growing interest in a possible future experiment at the SPS, which would target the search for the onset of deconfinement using dimuon measurements. On a longer timescale, the community looks with interest at the ongoing studies and discussions on a possible fixed-target programme using the LHC ion beams and on the Future Circular Collider.

nucl-ex↗