First-Principles Study of I$_2$ and CH$_3$I Adsorption on Transition Metal Decorated 2D-Material substrates : Insights from Electronic Structure and Reaction Kinetics
Radioactive iodine species, particularly I$_2$ and CH$_3$I, pose significant environmental and technological hazards owing to their high volatility, chemical stability, and relatively weak interaction with traditional substrate and sorption materials. In this work, we proposed a series of transition-metal (TM) (Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn) decorated boron-doped graphene (BDG) and 2D-MoTe2 substrates for efficient adsorptive capture and mitigation of such volatile Iodine species. Using systematic first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we elucidate the microscopic origin of the enhanced adsorption by analyzing the changes in the electronic structure upon adsorption. More importantly, we analyzed the thermodynamic and kinetic feasibility of adsorption on these newly designed substrates using Climbing-Image Nudged Elastic band (CI-NEB) calculations and found that TM decoration serves as an effective catalytic center, thereby making the reaction thermodynamically and kinetically feasible. Conversely, the reaction becomes thermodynamically and kinetically unfavorable on pristine substrates in the absence of a TM atom as a catalytic center. This work deepens our understanding of the electronic origin of the enhanced adsorption and reaction kinetics, and the predictions made will be useful for experimental realization.