Unipolar components travelling at the speed of light in vacuo
We describe a physical situation where the time integral of the electric field of an electromagnetic wave packet is not zero. More specifically, the non-oscillating component of the Fourier spectrum, i.e. the component resulting from the Fourier transform of the electric field evaluated at $ω=0$, can be associated with the area under a locally unipolar electromagnetic pulse that travels in free space at the speed of light.
physics.class-ph↗