arXiv subjects

Mahdi Aliyari Shoorehdeli

Publications and source records attributed to Mahdi Aliyari Shoorehdeli.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Improving Engine Sound Analysis in Hot-Test Environments via a RAB-U-Net (Residual Attention Block U-Net) Noise Removal Method

During hot tests on a production line, engine-sound analysis is crucial to ensuring product quality and performance. However, background noise often interferes with accurate sound analysis, leading to potential errors in engine diagnostics. Traditionally, skilled technicians listen to engine sounds to assess engine health, but this is prone to significant inaccuracies. This study presents an innovative deep learning-based approach to address this issue by removing background noise from engine sound recordings using a U-Net neural network structure enhanced with Residual Attention Blocks (RAB-U-Net). Our intelligent noise removal system significantly improves the accuracy of engine noise detection, outperforming traditional techniques and providing a robust solution for real-time applications in production line environments. This study proposes a novel system for engine noise detection in production lines, marking a valuable advancement for the automotive industry in applying deep learning methods to improve the quality of engine diagnostics.

cs.SD↗

arXiv2026

XMDCA-TL: An Explainable Multi-Domain Channel Attention Transfer Learning Framework for Fault Diagnosis in Industrial Gas Turbines

In this study, a multi-task, interpretable transfer learning framework, XMDCA-TL, is proposed for fault diagnosis in industrial gas turbines. In the proposed method, the vibration time waveform is first converted into a multi-domain RGB representation comprising time, frequency, and time-frequency domains. A ConvNeXtV2-based encoder then processes these images, and the Multi-Domain Channel Attention (MDCA) mechanism is applied to its deep layers to model interactions among different domains and complementary dependencies in the signals. To improve the quality of the learned representations and enhance the model's robustness to noise, a self-supervised strategy based on hybrid masking, along with a UNet-based decoder to reconstruct the masked regions, has been designed. To overcome the limitation of labeled data in industrial environments, transfer learning was employed to transfer knowledge from laboratory data to real-world data from a 42.2 MW MGT-40 gas turbine at the Zahedan power plant. Additionally, a comprehensive Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) framework was developed to analyze decision-making regions, evaluate domain importance, examine the flow of attention between domains, and assess reconstruction uncertainty. The results showed that XMDCA-TL, while achieving satisfactory fault diagnosis performance, possesses domain adaptability and robustness to noise and provides a physical interpretation of the model's decision-making process.

eess.SP↗

arXiv2025

Fault-Tolerant Control of Steam Temperature in HRSG Superheater under Actuator Fault Using a Sliding Mode Observer and PINN

This paper presents a novel fault-tolerant control framework for steam temperature regulation in Heat Recovery Steam Generators (HRSGs) subject to actuator faults. Addressing the critical challenge of valve degradation in superheater spray attemperators, we propose a synergistic architecture comprising three components: (1) a Sliding Mode Observer (SMO) for estimation of unmeasured thermal states, (2) a Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) for estimating multiplicative actuator faults using physical laws as constraints, and (3) a one-sided Sliding Mode Controller (SMC) that adapts to the estimated faults while minimizing excessive actuation. The key innovation lies in the framework of closed-loop physics-awareness, where the PINN continuously informs both the observer and controller about fault severity while preserving thermodynamic consistency. Rigorous uniform ultimate boundedness (UUB) is established via Lyapunov analysis under practical assumptions. Validated on real HRSG operational data, the framework demonstrates effective fault adaptation, reduced temperature overshoot, and maintains steam temperature within 1°C of the setpoint under valve effectiveness loss. This work bridges control theory and physics-guided machine learning to deliver a practically deployable solution for power plant resilience, with extensions applicable to thermal systems subject to multiplicative faults.

eess.SY↗

arXiv2025

PINN vs LSTM: A Comparative Study for Steam Temperature Control in Heat Recovery Steam Generators

This paper introduces a direct comparative study of Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks for adaptive steam temperature control in Heat Recovery Steam Generators (HRSGs), particularly under valve leakage faults. Maintaining precise steam temperature in HRSGs is critical for efficiency and safety, yet traditional control strategies struggle with nonlinear, fault-induced dynamics. Both architectures are designed to adaptively tune the gains of a PI-plus-feedforward control law in real-time. The LSTM controller, a purely data-driven approach, was trained offline on historical operational data, while the PINN controller integrates fundamental thermodynamic laws directly into its online learning process through a physics-based loss function. Their performance was evaluated using a model validated with data from a combined cycle power plant, under normal load changes and a challenging valve leakage fault scenario. Results demonstrate that while the LSTM controller offers significant improvement over conventional methods, its performance degrades under the unseen fault. The PINN controller consistently delivered superior robustness and performance, achieving a 54\% reduction in integral absolute error compared to the LSTM under fault conditions. This study concludes that embedding physical knowledge into data-driven control is essential for developing reliable, fault-tolerant autonomous control systems in complex industrial applications.

eess.SY↗

arXiv2025

Fault-Tolerant Temperature Control of HRSG Superheaters: Stability Analysis Under Valve Leakage Using Physics-Informed Neural Networks

Faults and operational disturbances in Heat Recovery Steam Generators (HRSGs), such as valve leakage, present significant challenges, disrupting steam temperature regulation and potentially causing efficiency losses, safety risks, and unit shutdowns. Traditional PI controllers often struggle due to inherent system delays, nonlinear dynamics, and static gain limitations. This paper introduces a fault-tolerant temperature control framework by integrating a PI plus feedforward control strategy with Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs). The feedforward component anticipates disturbances, preemptively adjusting control actions, while the PINN adaptively tunes control gains in real-time, embedding thermodynamic constraints to manage varying operating conditions and valve leakage faults. A Lyapunov-based stability analysis confirms the asymptotic convergence of temperature tracking errors under bounded leakage conditions. Simulation results using operational data from the Pareh-Sar combined cycle power plant demonstrate significantly improved response times, reduced temperature deviations, enhanced fault resilience, and smooth gain adjustments. The proposed adaptive, data-driven methodology shows strong potential for industrial deployment, ensuring reliable operation, autonomous fault recovery, and enhanced performance in HRSG systems.

eess.SY↗

arXiv2025

Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network Model: A Novel Approach for LFP Contrast Sensitivity Tuning

Local field potentials (LFPs) have been demonstrated to be an important measurement to study the activity of a local population of neurons. The response tunings of LFPs have been mostly reported as weaker and broader than spike tunings. Therefore, selecting optimized tuning methods is essential for appropriately evaluating the LFP responses and comparing them with neighboring spiking activity. In this paper, new models for tuning of the contrast response functions (CRFs) are proposed. To this end, luminance contrast-evoked LFP responses recorded in primate primary visual cortex (V1) are first analyzed. Then, supersaturating CRFs are distinguished from linear and saturating CRFs by using monotonicity index (MI). The supersaturated recording data are then identified through static identification methods including multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network, radial basis function (RBF) neural network, fuzzy model, neuro-fuzzy model, and the local linear model tree (LOLIMOT) algorithm. Our results demonstrate that the MLP neural network, compared to traditional and modified hyperbolic Naka-Rushton functions, exhibits superior performance in tuning the local field potential responses to luminance contrast stimuli, resulting in successful tuning of a significantly higher number of neural recordings of all three types. These results suggest that the MLP neural network model can be used as a novel approach to measure a better fitted contrast sensitivity tuning curve of a population of neurons than other currently used models.

eess.SP↗

arXiv2025

Predictive Modeling of Rat Brain Local Field Potentials using Single-Variable and Multivariable Approaches

Accurate prediction of neural dynamics in the brain's reward circuitry is crucial for elucidating how natural and pharmacological rewards influence neural activity and connectivity. Traditional linear models, such as autoregressive (AR) and vector autoregressive (VAR), often inadequately capture the inherent nonlinear interactions in neural data. This study develops and benchmarks both linear and advanced deep learning models for predicting local field potentials (LFPs) in the rat hippocampus (HIP) and nucleus accumbens (NAc) across morphine, food, and saline conditions. We compared AR, VAR, long short-term memory (LSTM), and wavelet-based deep learning model (WCLSA). Additionally, a novel wavelet coherence-enhanced model (WCOH CLSA) was introduced to capture cross-region connectivity. Results indicate that WCLSA achieves superior predictive accuracy (up to 0.97 for HIP in food, 0.96 for NAc in morphine), while VAR performs competitively in the food group due to significant HIP-NAc correlation. Wavelet coherence analysis reveals robust connectivity in natural reward contexts and disrupted or nonlinear relationships under pharmacological influence. These findings highlight the differential engagement of HIP and NAc in reward processing and underscore the importance of advanced nonlinear models for capturing complex neural dynamics. The study provides a robust framework for predictive neuroscience and elucidates functional interactions within the reward circuitry.

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arXiv2025

Time-Domain Classification of the Brain Reward System: Analysis of Natural and Drug Reward Driven Local Field Potential Signals in Hippocampus and Nucleus Accumbens

Addiction is a major public health concern characterized by compulsive reward-seeking behavior. The excitatory glutamatergic signals from the hippocampus (HIP) to the Nucleus accumbens (NAc) mediate learned behavior in addiction. Limited comparative studies have investigated the neural pathways activated by natural and unnatural reward sources. This study has evaluated neural activities in HIP and NAc associated with food (natural) and morphine (drug) reward sources using local field potential (LFP). We developed novel approaches to classify LFP signals into the source of reward and recorded regions by considering the time-domain feature of these signals. Proposed methods included a validation step of the LFP signals using autocorrelation, Lyapunov exponent and Hurst exponent to assess the meaningful stability of these signals (lack of chaos). By utilizing the probability density function (PDF) of LFP signals and applying Kullback-Leibler divergence (KLD), data were classified to the source of the reward. Also, HIP and NAc regions were visually separated and classified using the symmetrized dot pattern technique, which can be applied in real-time to ensure the deep brain region of interest is being targeted accurately during LFP recording. We believe our method provides a computationally light and fast, real-time signal analysis approach with real-world implementation.

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arXiv2025

Applications of wavelet transform in classification of local field potential recorded from the rat brain in conditioned place preference paradigm

This study investigates the multi-label classification of Local Field Potential (LFP) data from the hippocampus (HIP) and nucleus accumbens (NAc) in the rat brain, focusing on reward responses using the Conditioned Place Preference (CPP) paradigm. Rats were conditioned with saline, morphine, and food rewards, and LFP recordings were conducted from both HIP and NAc during pre- and post-tests. The LFP data were classified into four categories: treatment types, test phases, recording channels, and chamber positions within the CPP setup. Features were extracted using Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT), Wavelet Coherence, and Wavelet Scattering. Classification was performed via Decision Trees, Multilayer Perceptrons, and Support Vector Machines. Notably, in the Food group, HIP and combined HIP-NAc features yielded the highest classification accuracy for CPP chambers, whereas NAc features excelled in the Morphine group. Employing wavelet scattering, an 80% classification accuracy was achieved across treatment groups, test phases, and channels. Exceptionally high classification accuracies were observed for Food-post-test-HIP (99.75%) and Morphine-post-test-NAc (99.58%). The study reveals that NAc activity is pivotal for morphine-induced CPP, whereas HIP and HIP-NAc connectivity are crucial for food-induced CPP. The proposed methodology provides a novel avenue for precisely classifying LFP data, shedding light on neural circuit activities underlying behavioral responses.

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arXiv2024

Dynamic Importance Learning using Fisher Information Matrix (FIM) for Nonlinear Dynamic Mapping

Understanding output variance is critical in modeling nonlinear dynamic systems, as it reflects the system's sensitivity to input variations and feature interactions. This work presents a methodology for dynamically determining relevance scores in black-box models while ensuring interpretability through an embedded decision module. This interpretable module, integrated into the first layer of the model, employs the Fisher Information Matrix (FIM) and logistic regression to compute relevance scores, interpreted as the probabilities of input neurons being active based on their contribution to the output variance. The proposed method leverages a gradient-based framework to uncover the importance of variance-driven features, capturing both individual contributions and complex feature interactions. These relevance scores are applied through element-wise transformations of the inputs, enabling the black-box model to prioritize features dynamically based on their impact on system output. This approach effectively bridges interpretability with the intricate modeling of nonlinear dynamics and time-dependent interactions. Simulation results demonstrate the method's ability to infer feature interactions while achieving superior performance in feature relevance compared to existing techniques. The practical utility of this approach is showcased through its application to an industrial pH neutralization process, where critical system dynamics are uncovered.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2024

Learning a Factorized Orthogonal Latent Space using Encoder-only Architecture for Fault Detection; An Alarm management perspective

False and nuisance alarms in industrial fault detection systems are often triggered by uncertainty, causing normal process variable fluctuations to be erroneously identified as faults. This paper introduces a novel encoder-based residual design that effectively decouples the stochastic and deterministic components of process variables without imposing detection delay. The proposed model employs two distinct encoders to factorize the latent space into two orthogonal spaces: one for the deterministic part and the other for the stochastic part. To ensure the identifiability of the desired spaces, constraints are applied during training. The deterministic space is constrained to be smooth to guarantee determinism, while the stochastic space is required to resemble standard Gaussian noise. Additionally, a decorrelation term enforces the independence of the learned representations. The efficacy of this approach is demonstrated through numerical examples and its application to the Tennessee Eastman process, highlighting its potential for robust fault detection. By focusing decision logic solely on deterministic factors, the proposed model significantly enhances prediction quality while achieving nearly zero false alarms and missed detections, paving the way for improved operational safety and integrity in industrial environments.

eess.SY↗

arXiv2024

A Global Data-Driven Model for The Hippocampus and Nucleus Accumbens of Rat From The Local Field Potential Recordings (LFP)

In brain neural networks, Local Field Potential (LFP) signals represent the dynamic flow of information. Analyzing LFP clinical data plays a critical role in improving our understanding of brain mechanisms. One way to enhance our understanding of these mechanisms is to identify a global model to predict brain signals in different situations. This paper identifies a global data-driven based on LFP recordings of the Nucleus Accumbens and Hippocampus regions in freely moving rats. The LFP is recorded from each rat in two different situations: before and after the process of getting a reward which can be either a drug (Morphine) or natural food (like popcorn or biscuit). A comparison of five machine learning methods including Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), Echo State Network (ESN), Deep Echo State Network (DeepESN), Radial Basis Function (RBF), and Local Linear Model Tree (LLM) is conducted to develop this model. LoLiMoT was chosen with the best performance among all methods. This model can predict the future states of these regions with one pre-trained model. Identifying this model showed that Morphine and natural rewards do not change the dynamic features of neurons in these regions.

q-bio.NC↗

arXiv2023

Contrastive Multi-Modal Representation Learning for Spark Plug Fault Diagnosis

Due to the incapability of one sensory measurement to provide enough information for condition monitoring of some complex engineered industrial mechanisms and also for overcoming the misleading noise of a single sensor, multiple sensors are installed to improve the condition monitoring of some industrial equipment. Therefore, an efficient data fusion strategy is demanded. In this research, we presented a Denoising Multi-Modal Autoencoder with a unique training strategy based on contrastive learning paradigm, both being utilized for the first time in the machine health monitoring realm. The presented approach, which leverages the merits of both supervised and unsupervised learning, not only achieves excellent performance in fusing multiple modalities (or views) of data into an enriched common representation but also takes data fusion to the next level wherein one of the views can be omitted during inference time with very slight performance reduction, or even without any reduction at all. The presented methodology enables multi-modal fault diagnosis systems to perform more robustly in case of sensor failure occurrence, and one can also intentionally omit one of the sensors (the more expensive one) in order to build a more cost-effective condition monitoring system without sacrificing performance for practical purposes. The effectiveness of the presented methodology is examined on a real-world private multi-modal dataset gathered under non-laboratory conditions from a complex engineered mechanism, an inline four-stroke spark-ignition engine, aiming for spark plug fault diagnosis. This dataset, which contains the accelerometer and acoustic signals as two modalities, has a very slight amount of fault, and achieving good performance on such a dataset promises that the presented method can perform well on other equipment as well.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2023

Imbalanced Classification In Faulty Turbine Data: New Proximal Policy Optimization

There is growing importance to detecting faults and implementing the best methods in industrial and real-world systems. We are searching for the most trustworthy and practical data-based fault detection methods proposed by artificial intelligence applications. In this paper, we propose a framework for fault detection based on reinforcement learning and a policy known as proximal policy optimization. As a result of the lack of fault data, one of the significant problems with the traditional policy is its weakness in detecting fault classes, which was addressed by changing the cost function. Using modified Proximal Policy Optimization, we can increase performance, overcome data imbalance, and better predict future faults. When our modified policy is implemented, all evaluation metrics will increase by $3\%$ to $4\%$ as compared to the traditional policy in the first benchmark, between $20\%$ and $55\%$ in the second benchmark, and between $6\%$ and $14\%$ in the third benchmark, as well as an improvement in performance and prediction speed compared to previous methods.

eess.SY↗

arXiv2022

Analysis of Anomalous Behavior in Network Systems Using Deep Reinforcement Learning with CNN Architecture

In order to gain access to networks, different types of intrusion attacks have been designed, and the attackers are working on improving them. Computer networks have become increasingly important in daily life due to the increasing reliance on them. In light of this, it is quite evident that algorithms with high detection accuracy and reliability are needed for various types of attacks. The purpose of this paper is to develop an intrusion detection system that is based on deep reinforcement learning. Based on the Markov decision process, the proposed system can generate informative representations suitable for classification tasks based on vast data. Reinforcement learning is considered from two different perspectives, deep Q learning, and double deep Q learning. Different experiments have demonstrated that the proposed systems have an accuracy of $99.17\%$ over the UNSW-NB15 dataset in both approaches, an improvement over previous methods based on contrastive learning and LSTM-Autoencoders. The performance of the model trained on UNSW-NB15 has also been evaluated on BoT-IoT datasets, resulting in competitive performance.

cs.CR↗

arXiv2022

Adaptive Model Learning of Neural Networks with UUB Stability for Robot Dynamic Estimation

Since batch algorithms suffer from lack of proficiency in confronting model mismatches and disturbances, this contribution proposes an adaptive scheme based on continuous Lyapunov function for online robot dynamic identification. This paper suggests stable updating rules to drive neural networks inspiring from model reference adaptive paradigm. Network structure consists of three parallel self-driving neural networks which aim to estimate robot dynamic terms individually. Lyapunov candidate is selected to construct energy surface for a convex optimization framework. Learning rules are driven directly from Lyapunov functions to make the derivative negative. Finally, experimental results on 3-DOF Phantom Omni Haptic device demonstrate efficiency of the proposed method.

cs.RO↗

arXiv2021

Improving the Izhikevich Model Based on Rat Basolateral Amygdala and Hippocampus Neurons, and Recognizing Their Possible Firing Patterns

Introduction- Identifying the potential firing patterns following different brain regions under normal and abnormal conditions increases our understanding of events at the level of neural interactions in the brain. The Izhikevich model is one of the simplest biologically plausible models, i.e. capable of capturing the most recognized firing patterns of neurons. This property makes the model efficient in simulating the large-scale networks of neurons. Improving the Izhikevich model for adapting to the neuronal activity of the rat brain with great accuracy would make the model effective for future neural network implementations. Methods- Data sampling from two brain regions, the HIP and BLA, was performed by the extracellular recordings of male rats, and spike sorting was conducted by Plexon offline sorter. Further analyses were performed through NeuroExplorer and MATLAB. To optimize the Izhikevich model parameters, a genetic algorithm was used. The process of comparison in each iteration leads to the survival of better populations until achieving the optimum solution. Results- In the present study, the possible firing patterns of the real single neurons of the HIP and BLA were identified. Additionally, an improved Izhikevich model was achieved. Accordingly, the real neuronal spiking pattern of these regions neurons and the corresponding cases of the Izhikevich neuron spiking pattern were adjusted with great accuracy. Conclusion- This study was conducted to elevate our knowledge of neural interactions in different structures of the brain and accelerate the quality of future large-scale neural network simulations, as well as reducing the modeling complexity. This aim was achievable by performing the improved Izhikevich model, and inserting only the plausible firing patterns, and eliminating unrealistic ones.

cs.NE↗

arXiv2020

A Novel Method For Designing Transferable Soft Sensors And Its Application

In this paper, a new approach is proposed for designing transferable soft sensors. Soft sensing is one of the significant applications of data-driven methods in the condition monitoring of plants. While hard sensors can be easily used in various plants, soft sensors are confined to the specific plant they are designed for and cannot be used in a new plant or even used in some new working conditions in the same plant. In this paper, a solution is proposed for this underlying obstacle in data-driven condition monitoring systems. Data-driven methods suffer from the fact that the distribution of the data by which the models are constructed may not be the same as the distribution of the data to which the model will be applied. This ultimately leads to the decline of models accuracy. We proposed a new transfer learning (TL) based regression method, called Domain Adversarial Neural Network Regression (DANN-R), and employed it for designing transferable soft sensors. We used data collected from the SCADA system of an industrial power plant to comprehensively investigate the functionality of the proposed method. The result reveals that the proposed transferable soft sensor can successfully adapt to new plants.

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