arXiv subjects

Manuel Lorenz

Publications and source records attributed to Manuel Lorenz.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Isospin-symmetry violation - kaons and beyond (ISO-BREAK 25: summary and outlook)

This report summarizes the presentations and discussions during the ISO-BREAK 25 Workshop ``Isospin symmetry violation: kaons and beyond'', which was held at Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce on October 23--25, 2025. We address the current status of the isospin-symmetry breaking discovered by NA61/SHINE in nucleus--nucleus collisions at the CERN SPS, its confirmation by other experiments and studies in \ee and deep inelastic scattering. In addition, we discuss the theoretical status as well as we outline experimental and theoretical priorities towards understanding this currently unexplained phenomenon.

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arXiv2025

Hadron Emission and Stopping in Heavy-Ion Collisions: Baryon-Rich Matter to Meson-Dominated Matter

Today's accelerator facilities used for studies of relativistic heavy-ion collisions cover an energy range spanning over three orders of magnitude, from a few GeV up to a few TeV in center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}$). We present a systematic overview of hadron emission in heavy-ion collisions across this entire energy range. The presented energy excitation functions of the approximated baryon and meson yields at mid-rapidity reflect the interplay between baryon stopping and particle production, both of which evolve continuously with increasing energy. At low energies (e.g., SIS18, AGS), strong nuclear stopping leads to high net-baryon densities at mid-rapidity and to the abundant formation of nuclear clusters. With increasing $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$, the relative baryon stopping power $\langle δy \rangle / y_p$ decreases, and meson production becomes dominant. The inelasticity, i.e. the fraction of the initial kinetic energy available converted in inelastic reactions into particle production and dynamics, is found to rise rapidly at low energies and then levels off at values around $0.7 - 0.8$. While at low energies up to $\sim 10$~GeV this available energy seems to be shared by equal amount between the production of new particles and the dynamics of the system, as well as radiation, the latter part starts to dominates at higher energies.

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arXiv2024

Dense Nuclear Matter Equation of State from Heavy-Ion Collisions

The nuclear equation of state (EOS) is at the center of numerous theoretical and experimental efforts in nuclear physics. With advances in microscopic theories for nuclear interactions, the availability of experiments probing nuclear matter under conditions not reached before, endeavors to develop sophisticated and reliable transport simulations to interpret these experiments, and the advent of multi-messenger astronomy, the next decade will bring new opportunities for determining the nuclear matter EOS, elucidating its dependence on density, temperature, and isospin asymmetry. Among controlled terrestrial experiments, collisions of heavy nuclei at intermediate beam energies (from a few tens of MeV/nucleon to about 25 GeV/nucleon in the fixed-target frame) probe the widest ranges of baryon density and temperature, enabling studies of nuclear matter from a few tenths to about 5 times the nuclear saturation density and for temperatures from a few to well above a hundred MeV, respectively. Collisions of neutron-rich isotopes further bring the opportunity to probe effects due to the isospin asymmetry. However, capitalizing on the enormous scientific effort aimed at uncovering the dense nuclear matter EOS, both at RHIC and at FRIB as well as at other international facilities, depends on the continued development of state-of-the-art hadronic transport simulations. This white paper highlights the essential role that heavy-ion collision experiments and hadronic transport simulations play in understanding strong interactions in dense nuclear matter, with an emphasis on how these efforts can be used together with microscopic approaches and neutron star studies to uncover the nuclear EOS.

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arXiv2020

Feeddown contributions from unstable nuclei in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

We estimate the feeddown contributions from decays of unstable $A = 4$ and $A = 5$ nuclei to the final yields of protons, deuterons, tritons, $^3$He, and $^4$He produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} > 2.4$ GeV, using the statistical model. The feeddown contribution effects do not exceed 5% at LHC and top RHIC energies due to the large penalty factors involved, but are substantial at intermediate collision energies. We observe large feeddown contributions for tritons, $^3$He, and $^4$He at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} \lesssim 10$ GeV, where they may account for as much as 70% of the final yield at the lower end of the collision energies considered. Sizable ($>10$%) effects for deuteron yields are observed at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} \lesssim 4$ GeV. The results suggest that the excited nuclei feeddown cannot be neglected in the ongoing and future analysis of light nuclei production at intermediate collision energies, including HADES and CBM experiments at FAIR, NICA at JINR, RHIC beam energy scan and fixed-target programmes, and NA61/SHINE at CERN. We further show that the freeze-out curve in the $T$-$μ_B$ plane itself is affected significantly by the light nuclei at high baryochemical potential.

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