arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Marco Caponigro.
A Moser-type construction for the kinetic Liouville equation is proposed, which is based on a characteristic-adapted interpolation. For Hamiltonian accelerations, the construction is reduced to a family of weighted elliptic problems in the velocity variable. The corresponding kinetic compatibility condition is derived.
We consider the problem of transporting \nota{one probability measure into another through} the flow of a given driftless control-affine system. Under suitable regularity conditions, the controllability of the system by means of open-loop controls is a sufficient condition for the existence of time-varying feedback controls such that the $1$-time flow of the system is the optimal transport map for the quadratic cost.
We present sufficient conditions for the exact controllability in projection of the linear Schr{ö}dinger equations in the case where the spectrum of the free Hamiltonian is pure point. We consider the general case in which the Hamiltonian may be nonlinear with respect to the control. The controllability result applies, in particular, to Schr{ö}dinger equations with a polarizability term.
The present analysis deals with the regularity of solutions of bilinear control systems of the type $x'=(A+u(t)B)x$where the state $x$ belongs to some complex infinite dimensional Hilbert space, the (possibly unbounded) linear operators $A$ and $B$ are skew-adjoint and the control $u$ is a real valued function. Such systems arise, for instance, in quantum control with the bilinear Schrödinger equation. For the sake of the regularity analysis, we consider a more general framework where $A$ and $B$ are generators of contraction semi-groups.Under some hypotheses on the commutator of the operators $A$ and $B$, it is possible to extend the definition of solution for controls in the set of Radon measures to obtain precise a priori energy estimates on the solutions, leading to a natural extension of the celebrated noncontrollability result of Ball, Marsden, and Slemrod in 1982. Complementary material to this analysis can be found in [hal-01537743v1]
In this paper we present an extension to the case of $L^1$-controls of a famous result by Ball--Marsden--Slemrod on the obstruction to the controllability of bilinear control systems in infinite dimensional spaces.
We consider nonlinear transport equations with non-local velocity, describing the time-evolution of a measure, which in practice may represent the density of a crowd. Such equations often appear by taking the mean-field limit of finite-dimensional systems modelling collective dynamics. We first give a sense to dissipativity of these mean-field equations in terms of Lie derivatives of a Lyapunov function depending on the measure. Then, we address the problem of controlling such equations by means of a time-varying bounded control action localized on a time-varying control subset with bounded Lebesgue measure (sparsity space constraint). Finite-dimensional versions are given by control-affine systems, which can be stabilized by the well known Jurdjevic--Quinn procedure. In this paper, assuming that the uncontrolled dynamics are dissipative, we develop an approach in the spirit of the classical Jurdjevic--Quinn theorem, showing how to steer the system to an invariant sublevel of the Lyapunov function. The control function and the control domain are designed in terms of the Lie derivatives of the Lyapunov function, and enjoy sparsity properties in the sense that the control support is small. Finally, we show that our result applies to a large class of kinetic equations modelling multi-agent dynamics.
In control theory, the term chattering is used to refer to strong oscillations of controls, such as an infinite number of switchings over a compact interval of times. In this paper we focus on three typical occurences of chattering: the Fuller phenomenon, referring to situations where an optimal control switches an infinite number of times over a compact set; the Robbins phenomenon, concerning optimal control problems with state constraints, meaning that the optimal trajectory touches the boundary of the constraint set an infinite number of times over a compact time interval; the Zeno phenomenon, referring as well to an infinite number of switchings over a compact set, for hybrid optimal control problems. From the practical point of view, when trying to compute an optimal trajectory, for instance by means of a shooting method, chattering may be a serious obstacle to convergence. In this paper we propose a general regularization procedure, by adding an appropriate penalization of the total variation. This produces a quasi-optimal control, and we prove that the family of quasi-optimal solutions converges to the optimal solution of the initial problem as the penalization tends to zero. Under additional assumptions, we also quantify the quasi-optimality property by determining a speed of convergence of the costs.
In the present chapter we study the emergence of global patterns in large groups in first and second-order multi-agent systems, focusing on two ingredients that influence the dynamics: the interaction network and the state space. The state space determines the types of equilibrium that can be reached by the system. Meanwhile, convergence to specific equilibria depends on the connectivity of the interaction network and on the interaction potential. When the system does not satisfy the necessary conditions for convergence to the desired equilibrium, control can be exerted, both on finite-dimensional systems and on their mean-field limit.
This analysis is concerned with the controllability of quantum systems in the case where the standard dipolar approximation, involving the permanent dipole moment of the system, is corrected with a polarizability term, involving the field induced dipole moment. Sufficient conditions for approximate controllability are given. For transfers between eigenstates of the free Hamiltonian, the control laws are explicitly given. The results apply also for unbounded or non-regular potentials.
This the text of a proceeding accepted for the 21st International Symposium on Mathematical Theory of Networks and Systems (MTNS 2014). We present some results of an ongoing research on the controllability problem of an abstract bilinear Schrodinger equation. We are interested by approximation of this equation by finite dimensional systems. Assuming that the uncontrolled term $A$ has a pure discrete spectrum and the control potential $B$ is in some sense regular with respect to $A$ we show that such an approximation is possible. More precisely the solutions are approximated by their projections on finite dimensional subspaces spanned by the eigenvectors of $A$. This approximation is uniform in time and in the control, if this control has bounded variation with a priori bounded total variation. Hence if these finite dimensional systems are controllable with a fixed bound on the total variation of the control then the system is approximatively controllable. The main outcome of our analysis is that we can build solutions for low regular controls such as bounded variation ones and even Radon measures.
From a mathematical point of view self-organization can be described as patterns to which certain dynamical systems modeling social dynamics tend spontaneously to be attracted. In this paper we explore situations beyond self-organization, in particular how to externally control such dynamical systems in order to eventually enforce pattern formation also in those situations where this wished phenomenon does not result from spontaneous convergence. Our focus is on dynamical systems of Cucker-Smale type, modeling consensus emergence, and we question the existence of stabilization and optimal control strategies which require the minimal amount of external intervention for nevertheless inducing consensus in a group of interacting agents. We provide a variational criterion to explicitly design feedback controls that are componentwise sparse, i.e. with at most one nonzero component at every instant of time. Controls sharing this sparsity feature are very realistic and convenient for practical issues. Moreover, the maximally sparse ones are instantaneously optimal in terms of the decay rate of a suitably designed Lyapunov functional, measuring the distance from consensus. As a consequence we provide a mathematical justification to the general principle according to which "sparse is better" in the sense that a policy maker, who is not allowed to predict future developments, should always consider more favorable to intervene with stronger action on the fewest possible instantaneous optimal leaders rather than trying to control more agents with minor strength in order to achieve group consensus. We then establish local and global sparse controllability properties to consensus and, finally, we analyze the sparsity of solutions of the finite time optimal control problem where the minimization criterion is a combination of the distance from consensus and of the l1-norm of the control.
This paper provides rigorous definitions and analysis of the dynamics of weakly-coupled systems and gives sufficient conditions for an infinite dimensional quantum control system to be weakly-coupled. As an illustration we provide examples chosen among common physical systems.
In the present note, we give two examples of bilinear quantum systems showing good agreement between the total variation of the control and the variation of the energy of solutions, with bounded or unbounded coupling term. The corresponding estimates in terms of the total variation of the control appear to be optimal.
We present a sufficient condition for approximate controllability of the bilinear discrete-spectrum Schrödinger equation exploiting the use of several controls. The controllability result extends to simultaneous controllability, approximate controllability in $H^s$, and tracking in modulus. The result is more general than those present in the literature even in the case of one control and permits to treat situations in which the spectrum of the uncontrolled operator is very degenerate (e.g. it has multiple eigenvalues or equal gaps among different pairs of eigenvalues). We apply the general result to a rotating polar linear molecule, driven by three orthogonal external fields. A remarkable property of this model is the presence of infinitely many degeneracies and resonances in the spectrum preventing the application of the results in the literature.
This paper presents an energy estimate in terms of the total variation of the control for bilinear infinite dimensional quantum systems with unbounded potentials. These estimates allow a rigorous construction of propagators associated with controls of bounded variation. Moreover, upper bounds of the error made when replacing the infinite dimensional system by its finite dimensional Galerkin approximations is presented.
In this note we investigate what is the best L^p-norm in order to describe the relation between the evolution of the state of a bilinear quantum system with the L^p-norm of the external field. Although L^2 has a structure more easy to handle, the L^1 norm is more suitable for this purpose. Indeed for every p>1, it is possible to steer, with arbitrary precision, a generic bilinear quantum system from any eigenstate of the free Hamiltonian to any other with a control of arbitrary small L^p norm. Explicit optimal costs for the L^1 norm are computed on an example.
This note presents an example of bilinear conservative system in an infinite dimensional Hilbert space for which approximate controllability in the Hilbert unit sphere holds for arbitrary small times. This situation is in contrast with the finite dimensional case and is due to the unboundedness of the drift operator.
We show the approximate rotational controllability of a polar linear molecule by means of three nonresonant linear polarized laser fields. The result is based on a general approximate controllability result for the bilinear Schrödinger equation, with wavefunction varying in the unit sphere of an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space and with several control potentials, under the assumption that the internal Hamiltonian has discrete spectrum.