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Marco Panero

Publications and source records attributed to Marco Panero.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

The quenched glueball spectrum from smeared spectral densities

The standard approach to compute the glueball spectrum on the lattice relies on the evaluation of effective masses from two-point correlation functions of operators with the quantum numbers of the desired state. In this work, we propose an alternative procedure, based on the numerical computation of smeared spectral densities. Even though the extraction of the latter from lattice correlators is a notoriously ill-posed inverse problem, we show that a recently developed numerical method, based on the Backus-Gilbert regularization, provides a robust way to evaluate a smeared version of the spectral densities. Fitting the latter to a combination of Gaussians, we extract the masses of the lightest glueball and of its first excitation in the spectrum of the theory. While the preliminary results presented in this contribution are restricted to simulations at finite lattice spacing and finite volume, and for the purely gluonic sector of QCD, they represent the first step in a systematic investigation of glueballs using spectral-reconstruction methods.

hep-lat↗

Entanglement entropy from non-equilibrium lattice simulations

Entanglement entropy encodes important features of strongly interacting quantum many-body systems and gauge theories, but its analytical study is still limited to systems with high level of symmetry. This motivates the search for efficient techniques to investigate this quantity numerically, through Monte Carlo calculations on the lattice. In this contribution, we discuss the computation of the entropic c-function by means of an algorithm based on Jarzynski's equality, which is an exact theorem from non equilibrium statistical mechanics. After presenting benchmark results for the Ising model in two dimensions, where our algorithm successfully reproduces the analytical predictions from conformal field theory, we discuss its generalization to the three-dimensional Ising model, for which we were able to extract universal terms beyond the area law. Finally we point out some future generalizations of this calculation.

hep-lat↗

Phase Transitions in Particle Physics -- Results and Perspectives from Lattice Quantum Chromo-Dynamics

Phase transitions in a non-perturbative regime can be studied by ab initio Lattice Field Theory methods. The status and future research directions for LFT investigations of Quantum Chromo-Dynamics under extreme conditions are reviewed, including properties of hadrons and of the hypothesized QCD axion as inferred from QCD topology in different phases. We discuss phase transitions in strong interactions in an extended parameter space, and the possibility of model building for Dark Matter and Electro-Weak Symmetry Breaking. Methodological challenges are addressed as well, including new developments in Artificial Intelligence geared towards the identification of different phases and transitions.

hep-lat↗

Entanglement entropy from non-equilibrium Monte Carlo simulations

We study the entanglement entropy in lattice field theory using a simulation algorithm based on Jarzynski's theorem. We focus on the entropic c-function for the Ising model in two and in three dimensions: after validating our algorithm against known analytical results from conformal field theory in two dimensions, we present novel results for the three-dimensional case. We show that our algorithm, which is highly parallelized on graphics processing units, allows one to precisely determine the subleading corrections to the area law, which have been investigated in many recent works. Possible generalizations of this study to other strongly coupled theories are discussed.

quant-ph↗

Fits of finite-volume smeared spectral densities

Motivated by recent progress in the numerical inversion of the Laplace transform, we investigate applications of finite-volume smeared spectral densities. These include the tuning of operator smearing, and the study of the finite-volume spectrum.

hep-lat↗

Inclusive semileptonic $B$-decays from lattice QCD

We present the lattice QCD calculation of inclusive semileptonic $B_s$-meson decays. We follow a recently proposed method, which is based on the extraction of smeared spectral densities from Euclidean correlation functions and on the numerical reconstruction of the integration kernel relevant for the inclusive decay rate calculation. We compute four-point Euclidean correlation functions using JLQCD and ETM gauge ensembles with unphysically light $b$-quark masses, and apply two different methods for the integration kernel reconstruction. Finally, we show that the lattice results obtained in this work are in good agreement with the analytic predictions of the operator-product-expansion. This opens the path for a future full lattice QCD calculation to be used as theoretical input for the determination of the magnitude of the CKM element $V_{cb}$.

hep-lat↗

Multi-Representation Dynamics of SU(4) Composite Higgs Models: Chiral Limit and Spectral Reconstructions

We present a lattice study of the $SU(4)$ gauge theory with two Dirac fermions in the fundamental and two in the two-index antisymmetric representation, a model close to a theory of partial compositeness. Focus of this work are the methodologies behind the computation of the spectrum and the extrapolation of the chiral point for a theory with matter in multiple representations. While being still technical, this study provides important steps towards a non-perturbative understanding of the spectrum of theories of partial compositeness, which present a richer dynamics compared to single-representation theories. The multi-representation features are studied first in perturbation theory, and then non-perturbatively by adopting a dual outlook on lattice data through a joint analysis of time-momentum correlation functions and smeared spectral densities.

hep-lat↗

Stochastic normalizing flows for lattice field theory

Stochastic normalizing flows are a class of deep generative models that combine normalizing flows with Monte Carlo updates and can be used in lattice field theory to sample from Boltzmann distributions. In this proceeding, we outline the construction of these hybrid algorithms, pointing out that the theoretical background can be related to Jarzynski's equality, a non-equilibrium statistical mechanics theorem that has been successfully used to compute free energy in lattice field theory. We conclude with examples of applications to the two-dimensional $ϕ^4$ field theory.

hep-lat↗

Towards the computation of inclusive decay rates using lattice QCD

We present a non-perturbative computation of inclusive rates of semileptonic decays of heavy mesons from lattice QCD simulations. The calculation is based on the extraction of smeared spectral functions obtained from four-point Euclidean correlation functions computed on configuration ensembles of the JLQCD and ETM collaborations. We compare our results for the inclusive decay rates with analytical predictions from the operator-product expansion, finding a good agreement for the calculation of the inclusive decay rate. This opens the path to the theoretical determination of the magnitude of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element $V_{cb}$ to a level of precision competitive with the present experimental uncertainty.

hep-lat↗

Stochastic normalizing flows as non-equilibrium transformations

Normalizing flows are a class of deep generative models that provide a promising route to sample lattice field theories more efficiently than conventional Monte Carlo simulations. In this work we show that the theoretical framework of stochastic normalizing flows, in which neural-network layers are combined with Monte Carlo updates, is the same that underlies out-of-equilibrium simulations based on Jarzynski's equality, which have been recently deployed to compute free-energy differences in lattice gauge theories. We lay out a strategy to optimize the efficiency of this extended class of generative models and present examples of applications.

hep-lat↗

Lattice QCD study of inclusive semileptonic decays of heavy mesons

We present an ab initio study of inclusive semileptonic decays of heavy mesons from lattice QCD. Our approach is based on a recently proposed method, that allows one to address the study of these decays from the analysis of smeared spectral functions extracted from four-point correlators on the lattice, where the smearing is defined in terms of the phase-space integration relevant to the inclusive decays. We present results obtained from gauge-field ensembles from the JLQCD and ETM collaborations, and discuss their relation with theoretical predictions from the operator-product expansion.

hep-lat↗

Fine corrections in the effective string describing SU(2) Yang-Mills theory in three dimensions

We present a study of the effective string that describes the infrared dynamics of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory in three dimensions. By combining high-precision lattice simulation results for Polyakov-loop correlators at finite temperatures close to (and less than) the deconfinement one with the analytical constraints from renormalization-group arguments, from the exact integrability of the two-dimensional Ising model that describes the universality class of the critical point of the theory, from conformal perturbation theory, and from Lorentz invariance, we derive tight quantitative bounds on the corrections to the effective string action beyond the Nambu-Goto approximation. We show that these corrections are compatible with the predictions derived from a bootstrap analysis of the effective string theory, and have a value which does not allow to prove the Axionic String Ansatz for this model

hep-th↗

Spectral reconstruction in SU(4) gauge theory with fermions in multiple representations

The naturalness problem in the Higgs sector finds a popular solution in composite Higgs models. In such theories the Higgs boson emerges as the pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson associated with the breaking of a global symmetry realised in a new, strongly interacting sector. We address a model arising in this context, a SU(4) gauge theory with fermions in two distinct representations. We present a novel lattice study of this theory, in which we address the non-perturbative reconstruction of spectral densities from lattice correlators.

hep-lat↗

Critical exponents and transport properties near the QCD critical endpoint from the statistical bootstrap model

We present an estimate of the behaviour of the shear and bulk viscosity coefficients when the QCD critical point is approached from the hadronic side, describing hadronic matter within the statistical bootstrap model (SBM) of strong interactions. The boostrap model shows critical behavior near the quark-hadron transition temperature if the parameter characterizing the degeneracy of Hagedorn states is properly chosen. We calculate the critical exponents and amplitudes of relevant thermodynamic quantities near the QCD critical point and combine them with an Ansatz for the shear and bulk viscosity coefficients to derive the behavior of these coefficients near the critical point. The shear viscosity to entropy density ratio is found to decrease when the temperature is increased, and to approach the Kovtun-Son-Starinets bound 1/(4π) faster near the critical point, while the bulk viscosity coefficient is found to rise very rapidly.

hep-ph↗

Monopole-like configurations in the O(3) spin model at the upper critical dimension

We present a high-precision Monte Carlo study of the O(3) spin theory on the lattice in four dimensions. This model exhibits interesting dynamical features, in particular in the broken-symmetry phase, where suitable boundary conditions can be used to enforce monopole-like topological excitations. We investigate the Euclidean time propagation and the features of these excitations close to the critical point, where our numerical results show an excellent quantitative agreement with analytic predictions derived from purely quantum-field-theoretical tools by G. Delfino. We conclude by commenting on the implications of our findings for a conjectured violation of Derrick's theorem at the quantum level and on the consequences in various areas of physics, ranging from condensed matter to astro-particle physics.

hep-lat↗

Topological excitations in statistical field theory at the upper critical dimension

We present a high-precision Monte Carlo study of the classical Heisenberg model in four dimensions, showing that in the broken-symmetry phase it supports topological, monopole-like excitations, whose properties confirm previous analytical predictions derived in quantum field theory. We discuss the relevance of these findings and their possible experimental applications in condensed-matter physics.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗