arXiv subjects

Maria Anna D. Cruz

Publications and source records attributed to Maria Anna D. Cruz.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

AI Adoption Among Teachers: Insights on Concerns, Support, Confidence, and Attitudes

The study examines the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in education by analyzing the roles of institutional support, teacher confidence, and teacher concerns. It aims to determine whether teacher concerns moderate the relationship between institutional support and two outcomes: teacher confidence and attitudes toward AI adoption. The sample included 260 teachers from the Philippines. Composite scores were calculated for institutional support, confidence, concerns, and attitudes. Moderated multiple regression analysis showed that institutional support significantly predicted both teacher confidence and attitudes toward AI. However, teacher concerns did not significantly moderate these relationships. A follow-up mediation analysis tested whether confidence explains the effect of institutional support on attitudes. Results showed full mediation. The indirect effect was significant based on the Sobel test, and the direct effect became non-significant when confidence was included in the model. This shows that institutional support improves teacher attitudes by increasing their confidence. The study recommends that institutions provide structured and ongoing support to strengthen teacher confidence. Professional development, mentoring, and AI integration in teacher education programs can increase readiness and support effective AI adoption.

cs.CY↗

arXiv2026

Profiles of AI Dependency: A Latent Class Analysis of Filipino Students' Academic Competencies

The increasing dependency among Filipino college students on artificial intelligence (AI) poses concerns about the potential decline of fundamental academic competencies. This study examines the extent of AI dependency and its perceived effects on students' critical thinking, writing skills, learning independence, research skills, and academic engagement. Using a cross-sectional research design, data was collected from 651 students enrolled in higher education institutions (HEIs) in Pampanga, Philippines accredited by the Commission on Higher Education. The survey data was analyzed using Latent Class Analysis (LCA) to identify AI dependency patterns. Findings indicated that students show moderate to high AI dependency, specifically in research and writing tasks. LCA identified four distinct profiles: highly engaged independent learners, selective AI users, moderate AI users, and AI-dependent learners. Notably, AI-dependent learners demonstrated the weakest academic competencies, with significant dependency on AI-generated outputs. The study highlights the need to foster educational policies that integrate AI literacy while preserving essential academic skills. HEIs must also balance technological advancements with curriculum adaptations to promote critical thinking and ethical use of AI. Future research may explore the longitudinal impacts and intervention strategies to mitigate academic skill erosion caused by AI dependency.

cs.CY↗

arXiv2026

Barriers and Enablers of Online Instruction in Hospitality Education in the Philippines: An Exploratory Study

This study examined the barriers and enablers of online instruction in hospitality education. A sequential exploratory design was implemented with hospitality teachers from both public and private higher educational institutions in the Philippines. Thematic analysis of interviews identified four key themes: technological barriers, pedagogical challenges, institutional and personal support, and integration of artificial intelligence (AI). These themes were transformed into survey constructs and tested for reliability. Pedagogical challenges, including difficulties in teaching hands-on subjects and sustaining student engagement, emerged as the most critical concerns. Technological barriers such as unstable internet and limited devices were moderately rated, while institutional and personal support received mixed evaluations. Teachers viewed AI integration as helpful but also expressed caution and emphasized the need for training. Reliability analysis showed acceptable to good internal consistency across constructs. The findings highlight the importance of strengthening pedagogical training, providing clear institutional support, and fostering responsible competence in AI use. Future studies should validate these results with larger and more diverse samples.

cs.CY↗

arXiv2025

Teachers' Perspectives on the Use of AI Detection Tools: Insights from Ridge Regression Analysis

This study explores the perceptions of 213 Filipino teachers toward AI detection tools in academic settings. It focuses on the factors that influence teachers' trust, concerns, and decision-making regarding these tools. The research investigates how teachers' trust in AI detection tools affects their perceptions of fairness and decision-making in evaluating student outputs. It also explores how concerns about AI tools and social norms influence the relationship between trust and decision-making. Ridge Regression analysis was used to examine the relationships between the predictors and the dependent variable. The results revealed that trust in AI detection tools is the most significant predictor of perceived fairness and decision-making among teachers. Concerns about AI tools and social norms have weaker effects on teachers' perceptions. The study emphasized critical role of trust in shaping teachers' perceptions of AI detection tools. Teachers who trust these tools are more likely to view them as fair and effective. In contrast, concerns and social norms have a limited influence on perceptions and decision-making. For recommendations, training and institutional guidelines should emphasize how these tools work, their limitations, and best practices for their use. Striking a balance between policy enforcement and educator support is essential for fostering trust in AI detection technologies. Encouraging experienced users to share insights through communities of practice could enhance the adoption and effective use of AI detection tools in educational settings..

cs.CY↗

arXiv2024

Filipino Use of Designer and Luxury Perfumes: A Pilot Study of Consumer Behavior

This study investigates the usage patterns and purposes of designer perfumes among Filipino consumers, employing purposive and snowball sampling methods as non-probability sampling techniques. Data was collected using Google Forms, and the majority of respondents purchased full bottles of designer perfumes from retailers, wholesalers, and physical stores, with occasional "blind purchases." Daily usage was common, with respondents applying an average of 5.88 sprays in the morning, favoring fresh scent notes and Eau De Parfum concentration. They tended to alternate perfumes daily, selecting different scent profiles according to the Philippine climate. The study reveals that Filipino respondents primarily use designer perfumes to achieve a pleasant and fresh fragrance. Additionally, these perfumes play a role in boosting self-esteem, elevating mood, and enhancing personal presentation. Some respondents reported fewer common applications, such as using perfume to address insomnia and migraines. Overall, the research highlights the significant role of perfume in the grooming routine of Filipino consumers. This study represents the first attempt to comprehend perfume usage patterns and purposes specifically within the Filipino context. Consequently, its findings are invaluable for manufacturers and marketers targeting the Filipino market, providing insights into consumer preferences and motivations.

econ.GN↗