arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Masahiro Takeda.
It is a classical problem in algebraic topology asked by Steenrod which graded rings occur as the cohomology ring of a space. In this paper, we define an algebraic version of the graph colouring, span colouring, and observe the relation between span colourings and Steenrod's problem for graded Stanley-Reisner rings, in other words polynomial rings divided by an ideal generated by square-free monic monomials.
Let $π$ be a discrete group, and let $G$ be a compact connected Lie group. $\mathrm{Hom}(π,G)_0$ denotes the null-component of the space of homomorphisms from $π$ to $G$, and $\mathrm{map}_*(Bπ,BG)_0$ denotes the null-component of the space of maps from $Bπ$ to $BG$. Since the classifying space functor is continuous, there is a continuous map $Θ\colon\mathrm{Hom}(π,G)_0\to\mathrm{map}_*(Bπ,BG)_0$. Atiyah and Bott studied this map when $π$ is a surface group, and proved surjectivity in rational cohomology. In this paper, we obtain the condition that the map $Θ$ is surjective or not in rational cohomology when $π$ is $\mathbf{Z}^m$ for $m\geq 3$ and $G$ is a compact connected Lie group.
Integral Field Spectroscopy (IFS) is an observational method to obtain spatially resolved spectra over a specific field of view (FoV) in a single exposure. In recent years, near-infrared IFS has gained importance in observing objects with strong dust attenuation or at high redshift. One limitation of existing near-infrared IFS instruments is their relatively small FoV, less than 100 arcsec$^2$, compared to optical instruments. Therefore, we have developed a near-infrared (0.9-2.5 $\mathrmμ$m) image-slicer type integral field unit (IFU) with a larger FoV of 13.5 $\times$ 10.4 arcsec$^2$ by matching a slice width to a typical seeing size of 0.4 arcsec. The IFU has a compact optical design utilizing off-axis ellipsoidal mirrors to reduce aberrations. Complex optical elements were fabricated using an ultra-precision cutting machine to achieve RMS surface roughness of less than 10 nm and a P-V shape error of less than 300 nm. The ultra-precision machining can also simplify alignment procedures. The on-sky performance evaluation confirmed that the image quality and the throughput of the IFU were as designed. In conclusion, we have successfully developed a compact IFU utilizing an ultra-precision cutting technique, almost fulfilling the requirements.
Let $π$ be a discrete group, and let $G$ be a compact connected Lie group. Then there is a map $Θ\colon\mathrm{Hom}(π,G)_0\to\mathrm{map}_*(Bπ,BG)_0$ between the null-components of the spaces of homomorphism and based maps, which sends a homomorphism to the induced map between classifying spaces. Atiyah and Bott studied this map for $π$ a surface group, and showed that it is surjective in rational cohomology. In this paper, we prove that the map $Θ$ is surjective in rational cohomology for $π=\mathbb{Z}^m$ and the classical group $G$ except for $SO(2n)$, and that it is not surjective for $π=\mathbb{Z}^m$ with $m\ge 3$ and $G=SO(2n)$ with $n\ge 4$. As an application, we consider the surjectivity of the map $Θ$ in rational cohomology for $π$ a finitely generated nilpotent group. We also consider the dimension of the cokernel of the map $Θ$ in rational homotopy groups for $π=\mathbb{Z}^m$ and the classical groups $G$ except for $SO(2n)$.
``What kind of ring can be represented as the singular cohomology ring of a space?'' is a classic problem in algebraic topology, posed by Steenrod. In this paper, we consider this problem when rings are the graded Stanley-Reisner rings, in other words the polynomial rings divided by an ideal generated by square-free monomials. Under some assumption, we give a necessary and sufficiently condition that a graded Stanley-Reisner ring is realizable.
Let $G$ be a compact connected Lie group, and let $\mathrm{Hom}(\mathbb{Z}^m,G)$ be the space of pairwise commuting $m$-tuples in $G$. We study the problem of which primes $p$ $\mathrm{Hom}(\mathbb{Z}^m,G)_1$, the connected component of $\mathrm{Hom}(\mathbb{Z}^m,G)$ containing the element $(1,\ldots,1)$, has $p$-torsion in homology. We will prove that $\mathrm{Hom}(\mathbb{Z}^m,G)_1$ for $m\ge 2$ has $p$-torsion in homology if and only if $p$ divides the order of the Weyl group of $G$ for $G=SU(n)$ and some exceptional groups. We will also compute the top homology of $\mathrm{Hom}(\mathbb{Z}^m,G)_1$ and show that $\mathrm{Hom}(\mathbb{Z}^m,G)_1$ always has 2-torsion in homology whenever $G$ is simply-connected and simple. Our computation is based on a new homotopy decomposition of $\mathrm{Hom}(\mathbb{Z}^m,G)_1$, which is of independent interest and enables us to connect torsion in homology to the combinatorics of the Weyl group.
The topological Tverberg theorem states that any continuous map of a $(d+1)(r-1)$-simplex into the Euclidean $d$-space maps some points from $r$ pairwise disjoint faces of the simplex to the same point whenever $r$ is a prime power. We substantially generalize this theorem to continuous maps of certain CW complexes, including simplicial $((d+1)(r-1)-1)$-spheres, into the Euclidean $d$-space. We also discuss the atomicity of the Tverberg property.
Ganea proved that the loop space of $\mathbb{C}P^n$ is homotopy commutative if and only if $n=3$. We generalize this result to that the loop spaces of all irreducible Hermitian symmetric spaces but $\mathbb{C}P^3$ are not homotopy commutative. The computation also applies to determining the homotopy nilpotency of the loop spaces of flag manifolds.
Structure factors describe how incident radiation is scattered from materials such as silicon and germanium and characterize the physical interaction between the material and scattered particles. We use neutron pendellösung interferometry to make precision measurements of the (220) and (400) neutron-silicon structure factors, and achieve a factor of four improvement in the (111) structure factor uncertainty. These data provide measurements of the silicon Debye-Waller factor at room temperature and the mean square neutron charge radius $\langle r_n^2 \rangle = -0.1101 \pm 0.0089 \, \mathrm{fm}^2$. Combined with existing measurements of the Debye-Waller factor and charge radius, the measured structure factors also improve constraints on the strength of a Yukawa-modification to gravity by an order of magnitude over the 20 pm to 10 nm length scale range.
Let $G$ be a compact connected Lie group with $π_1(G)\cong\mathbb{Z}$. We study the homotopy types of gauge groups of principal $G$-bundles over Riemann surfaces. This can be applied to an explicit computation of the homotopy groups of the moduli spaces of stable vector bundles over Riemann surfaces.
Let $G$ be the classical group, and let Hom$(\mathbb{Z}^m,G)$ denote the space of commuting $m$-tuples in $G$. Baird proved that the cohomology of Hom$(\mathbb{Z}^m,G)$ is identified with a certain ring of invariants of the Weyl group of $G$. In this paper by using the result of Baird we give the cohomology ring of Hom$(\mathbb{Z}^2,G)$ for simple Lie group $G$ of rank 2.
We determine (non-)triviality of Samelson products of inclusions of factors of the mod $p$ decomposition of $G_{(p)}$ for $(G,p)=(E_7,5),(E_7,7),(E_8,7)$. This completes the determination of (non-)triviality of those Samelson products in $p$-localized exceptional Lie groups when $G$ has $p$-torsion free homology.
Let $G$ be the classical group, and let Hom$(\mathbb{Z}^m,G)$ denote the space of commuting $m$-tuples in $G$. First, we refine the formula for the Poincaré series of Hom$(\mathbb{Z}^m,G)$ due to Ramras and Stafa by assigning (signed) integer partitions to (signed) permutations. Using the refined formula, we determine the top term of the Poincaré series, and apply it to prove the dependence of the topology of Hom$(\mathbb{Z}^m,G)$ on the parity of $m$ and the rational hyperbolicity of Hom$(\mathbb{Z}^m,G)$ for $m\ge 2$. Next, we give a minimal generating set of the cohomology of Hom$(\mathbb{Z}^m,G)$ and determine the cohomology in low dimensions. We apply these results to prove homological stability for Hom$(\mathbb{Z}^m,G)$ with the best possible stable range. Baird proved that the cohomology of Hom$(\mathbb{Z}^m,G)$ is identified with a certain ring of invariants of the Weyl group of $G$, and our approach is a direct calculation of this ring of invariants.
A gauge group is the topological group of automorphisms of a principal bundle. We compute the integral cohomology ring of the classifying spaces of gauge groups of principal U(n)-bundles over the 2-sphere by generalizing the operation for free loop spaces, called the free double suspension.
We present a calculation of nuclei propagation with energies above 1 EeV in the intergalactic photon field. The calculation is based on a Monte Carlo approach for the nucleus-photon interaction as well as the intergalactic magnetic field. We then assume that the Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays are nuclei which are emitted from extra-galactic point sources. Four bumps are found in the energy spectrum of the UHECR which form clusters in the distribution of their arrival directions. Based on this calculation, the energy distribution of the clustered events is discussed.