arXiv subjects

Masakazu A. R. Kobayashi

Publications and source records attributed to Masakazu A. R. Kobayashi.

39 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

arXiv2007

Lyman Alpha Emitters in the Hierarchically Clustering Galaxy Formation

We present a new theoretical model for the luminosity functions (LFs) of Lyman alpha (Lya) emitting galaxies in the framework of hierarchical galaxy formation. We extend a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation that reproduces a number of observations for local and high-z galaxies, without changing the original model parameters but introducing a physically-motivated modelling to describe the escape fraction of Lya photons from host galaxies (f_esc). Though a previous study using a hierarchical clustering model simply assumed a constant and universal value of f_esc, we incorporate two new effects on f_esc: extinction by interstellar dust and galaxy-scale outflow induced as a star formation feedback. It is found that the new model nicely reproduces all the observed Lya LFs of the Lya emitters (LAEs) at different redshifts in z ~ 3-6. Especially, the rather surprisingly small evolution of the observed LAE Lya LFs compared with the dark halo mass function is naturally reproduced. Our model predicts that galaxies with strong outflows and f_esc ~ 1 are dominant in the observed LFs. This is also consistent with available observations, while the simple universal f_esc model requires f_esc << 1 not to overproduce the brightest LAEs. On the other hand, we found that our model significantly overpredicts LAEs at z > 6, and absorption of Lya photons by neutral hydrogen in intergalactic medium (IGM) is a reasonable interpretation for the discrepancy. This indicates that the IGM neutral fraction x_HI rapidly evolves from x_HI << 1 at z < 6 to a value of order unity at z ~ 6-7, which is broadly consistent with other observational constraints on the reionization history.

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arXiv2005

Lyman Alpha Line Spectra of the First Galaxies: Dependence on Observed Direction to the Underlying CDM Filament

The first galaxies in the Universe are built up where cold dark matter (CDM) forms large scale filamentary structure. Although the galaxies are expected to emit numerous Lya photons, they are surrounded by plentiful neutral hydrogen with a typical optical depth for Lya of ~10^5 (HI halos) before the era of cosmological reionization. The HI halo almost follows the cosmological Hubble expansion with some anisotropic corrections around the galaxy because of the gravitational attraction by the underlying CDM filament. In this paper, we investigate the detectability of the Lya emissions from the first galaxies, examining their dependence on viewing angles. Solving the Lya line transfer problem in an anisotropically expanding HI halo, we show that the escape probability from the HI halo is the largest in direction along the filament axis. If the Lya source is observed with a narrow-band filter, the difference of apparent Lya line luminosities among viewing angles can be a factor of > 40 at an extreme case. Furthermore, we evaluate the predicted physical features of the Lya sources and flux magnification by gravitational lensing effect due to clusters of galaxies along the filament. We conclude that, by using the next generation space telescopes like the JWST, the Lya emissions from the first galaxies whose CDM filament axes almost face to us can be detected with the S/N of > 10.

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arXiv2004

The self regulating star formation of gas rich dwarf galaxies in quiescent phase

The expected episodic or intermittent star formation histories (SFHs) of gas rich dwarf irregular galaxies (dIrrs) are the longstanding puzzles to understand their whole evolutional history. Solving this puzzle, we should grasp what physical mechanism causes the quiescent phase of star formation under the very gas rich condition after the first starburst phase. We consider that this quiescent phase is kept by lack of H2, which can be important coolant to generate the next generation of stars in the low-metal environment like dIrrs. Furthermore, in dIrrs, H2 formation through gas-phase reactions may dominate the one on dust-grain surfaces because their interstellar medium (ISM) are very plentiful and the typical dust-to-gas ratio of dIrrs (D_dIrrs = 1.31 x 10^-2 D_MW, where D_MW is its value for the local ISM) is on the same order with a critical value D_cr ~ 10^-2 D_MW. We show that the lack of H2 is mainly led by H- destruction when gas-phase H2 formation dominates since H- is important intermediary of gas-phase H2 formation. H- is destroyed by the radiation from all stars born in the previous starburst phase because H- destroying infrared photon can penetrate the whole ISM of dIrrs. Considering the physical process which timescale is the longest as main process in regulating global star formation, we can show this lack of H2 leads the quiescent phase of star formation. Hence, we can say that the stellar radiation which destroys H- and leads low H2 abundance should be properly treated in studying SFHs of dIrrs.

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