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Masanari Asano

Publications and source records attributed to Masanari Asano.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2026

Quantum-Like Models of Cognition and Decision Making: Open-Systems and Gorini--Kossakowski--Sudarshan--Lindblad Dynamics

This paper starts with surveying the evolution of quantum-like models of cognition and decision making, transitioning from static kinematic representations to a robust dynamical framework based on open quantum systems. We provide a comprehensive analysis of the Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad (GKSL) master equation's application in cognitive psychology and decision making, illustrating how it models mental state evolution as a dissipative process influenced by an informational environment. We categorize dynamical regimes into Passive and Active Hamiltonians, demonstrating how non-commutation with projections on decision basis serves as a mathematical signature of cognitive agency and Quantum Escape from classical equilibria. The utility of this framework is further explored through its ability to stabilize non-Nash outcomes in strategic games, such as the Prisoner's Dilemma. Building upon this dynamical foundation, we identify ``cognitive beats'' as a signature of the internal struggle between competing ``flows of mind'' deliberated at approximately equal frequencies. Distinct from the damped oscillations of simple interference, these beats emerge from a structural tension between Liouvillian channels that generates a secondary, slow-scale modulation of conviction. This beat envelope dictates the timing of peak readiness and hesitation, providing a mathematical map of the transition between conflicting cognitive states. By resolving these nested time scales, we provide a new spectral diagnostic for the depth of cognitive agency and the complexity of the underlying deliberation process. This paper develops a theoretical framework linking GKSL dynamics with quantum-like cognition and decision-making (QCDM), highlighting how dissipative quantum models can capture features of human thought and decision processes.

q-bio.NC↗
arXiv2017

A Quantum-like Model of Selection Behavior

In this paper, we introduce a new model of selection behavior under risk that describes an essential cognitive process for comparing values of objects and making a selection decision. This model is constructed by the quantum-like approach that employs the state representation specific to quantum theory, which has the mathematical framework beyond the classical probability theory. We show that our quantum approach can clearly explain the famous examples of anomalies for the expected utility theory, the Ellsberg paradox, the Machina paradox and the disparity between WTA and WTP. Further, we point out that our model mathematically specifies the characteristics of the probability weighting function and the value function, which are basic concepts in the prospect theory.

econ.GN↗
arXiv2015

Quantum Information Biology: from information interpretation of quantum mechanics to applications in molecular biology and cognitive psychology

We discuss foundational issues of quantum information biology (QIB) -- one of the most successful applications of the quantum formalism outside of physics. QIB provides a multi-scale model of information processing in bio-systems: from proteins and cells to cognitive and social systems. This theory has to be sharply distinguished from "traditional quantum biophysics". The latter is about quantum bio-physical processes, e.g., in cells or brains. QIB models the dynamics of information states of bio-systems. It is based on the quantum-like paradigm: complex bio-systems process information in accordance with the laws of quantum information and probability. This paradigm is supported by plenty of statistical bio-data collected at all scales, from molecular biology and genetics/epigenetics to cognitive psychology and behavioral economics. We argue that the information interpretation of quantum mechanics (its various forms were elaborated by Zeilinger and Brukner, Fuchs and Mermin, and D' Ariano) is the most natural interpretation of QIB. We also point out that QBIsm (Quantum Bayesianism) can serve to find a proper interpretation of bio-quantum probabilities. Biologically QIB is based on two principles: a) adaptivity; b) openness (bio-systems are fundamentally open). These principles are mathematically represented in the framework of a novel formalism -- quantum adaptive dynamics which, in particular, contains the standard theory of open quantum systems as a special case of adaptivity (to environment).

quant-ph↗
arXiv2014

Violation of contextual generalization of the Leggett-Garg inequality for recognition of ambiguous figures

We interpret the Leggett-Garg (LG) inequality as a kind of contextual probabilistic inequality in which one combines data collected in experiments performed for three different contexts. In the original version of the inequality these contexts have the temporal nature and they are given by three pairs of instances of time, $(t_1, t_2), (t_2, t_3), (t_3, t_4),$ where $t_1 < t_2 < t_3.$ We generalize LG conditions of macroscopic realism and noninvasive measurability in the general contextual framework. Our formulation is done in the purely probabilistic terms: existence of the context independent joint probability distribution $P$ and the possibility to reconstruct the experimentally found marginal (two dimensional) probability distributions from the $P.$ We derive an analog of the LG inequality, "contextual LG inequality", and use it as a test of "quantum-likeness" of statistical data collected in a series of experiments on recognition of ambiguous figures. In our experimental study the figure under recognition is the Schroeder stair which is shown with rotations for different angles. Contexts are encoded by dynamics of rotations: clockwise, anticlockwise, and random. Our data demonstrated violation of the contextual LG inequality for some combinations of aforementioned contexts. Since in quantum theory and experiments with quantum physical systems this inequality is violated, e.g., in the form of the original LG-inequality, our result can be interpreted as a sign that the quantum(-like) models can provide a more adequate description of the data generated in the process of recognition of ambiguous figures.

q-bio.NC↗
arXiv2011

A general quantum information model for the contextual dependent systems breaking the classical probability law

There exist several phenomena (systems) breaking the classical probability laws. Such systems are contextual dependent adaptive systems. In this paper, we present a new mathematical formula to compute the probability in those systems by using the concepts of the adaptive dynamics and quantum information theory -- quantum channels and the lifting. The basic examples of the contextual dependent phenomena can be found in quantum physics. And recently similar examples were found in biological and psychological sciences. Our novel approach is motivated by traditional quantum probability, but it is general enough to describe aforementioned phenomena outside of quantum physics.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2005

New Structural Quantum Circuit Simulating a Toffoli Gate

A Toffoli gate ($C^{n}$-NOT gate) is regarded as an important unitary gate in quantum computation, and is simulated by a quantum circuit composed of $C^{2}$-NOT gates. This paper presents a quantum circuit with a new configuration of $C^{2}$-NOT gates simulating a $C^{2m+1}$-NOT operation under the condition $m=2^{n}$ ($n=1,2,...$). The circuit is composed of units called multi-qubits gates (MQGs), each of which performs $m$ $C^{2}$-NOT operations simultaneously on $3m$ qubits. Simultaneous operations eliminate the need to manipulate qubits individually, as required in conventional quantum circuits. The proposed circuit thus represents a more realistic mode of operation for practical computing systems. A nuclear magnetic resonance implementation of the circuit is presented as a demonstration of the feasibility of MQG operations for practical systems.

quant-ph↗