arXiv subjects

Masao Ninomiya

Publications and source records attributed to Masao Ninomiya.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2023

A new view on cosmology, with non-translational invariant Hamiltonian

The idea of this contribution is to suggest a way to get rid of gravity as a dynamical space time approximately in cosmology and thus be able to use Hamiltonian formulation ignoring the gravitational degrees of freedom, treating them just as background. Concretely we suggest to use a background De Sitter spacetime and then instead of the usual choice of coordinates leading to a picture in which the Universe Hubble expands, we propose to identify the time translation in the new coordinate system with a Killing form transformation for the De Sitter space time. This then leads to unwanted features like the descripton being formally not translational invariant, but we have in mind just to get in a simple way time translation and its associated Hamiltonian, and shall then in word give some ideas of the from this point of view way of looking at the usual cosmology.

gr-qc↗

arXiv2021

Novel String Field Theory and Bound State, Projective Line, and sharply 3-transitive group

Using ideas from our long studied Novel String Field Theory we consider in this article a bound state of infinitely many constituents, something that at least very approximately could mean a hadron, since hadrons have typically very many constituents. Our main point, so far, is to speculate that there should be a very high degree of symmetry between the many consituents, since the constituents behave similarly at different places in the bound state. We assume speculatively that there is a group represented sharply 3-transitively as permutation of the constituents; one can namely only have {\em finite} number of elements sharply n-transitively permuted for n larger than 3. The scattering of such bound states will in the zero Bjorken $x$ limit (which is suggeted) only occur by exchange of parts of the system of constituents, quite like in our Novel String field Theory the "objects" are exchanged in bunches. The cyclically ordered chain of objects in this Novel String Field Theory are identified as a projective line structure. Also a p-adic field is a natural possibility.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2020

Proposal for Compositeness of String out of Objects -- Fake Scattering, Finite String Field Theory Formulation

We review a bit our earlier novel string field theory\cite{self2,self8} stressing the interesting property, that it becomes expressed in terms of particle like objects called by us "objects" which in our formalism do not at all develop in time. So in this way there is in our picture, in spite of it being supposed to reproduce string theory with an arbitrary number strings present -- in this sense a string field theory -- in fact no time! This strange missing of time in the formalism gives rise to slight speculations about the philosophy of the concept of time. There is course then also no need for a Hamiltonian, but we construct or rather attempt to do so, a fake Hamiltonian or phantasy Hamiltonian,

hep-th↗

arXiv2020

Instructive Review of Novel SFT with Non-interacting consituents "objects", and attempt Generalization to p-adic theory

We have constructed a new formalism for describing a situation with {\color{red} several (dual) strings} present at a time, a {\color{red} string field theory}, by means of a constituent / a strings from objects picture similar to, but importantly different from the "bits" by Charles Thorn\cite{Thorn}. Our "objects" (essentially the bits) represent rather a making a lattice in the {\color{red} light cone variables} on the string. The remarkable feature and simplicity of our formalism is, that the "objects" do {\color{red} NOT interact}, basically just run or sit trivially fixed. {\color{red} Scattering is a fake} in our formalism. This opens also up for hoping for generalizations inspired by hadrons with their partons all having Bjorken variable $x=0$, and thus infinitely many constituents. The p-adic string is an example.

hep-th↗

arXiv2018

Do we field high energy physics inside (almost) every solid or fluid at low temperature?

It is an old idea of ours (H. B. "Nielsen Dual Models" section 6 "Catastrophe Theory Program" Scottish University Summer school 1976) that a most general material with only translation symmetry, but otherwise no symmetries should generically (in general) have some small regions in quasi momentum space, where you "see" an approximate Weyl equation behavior. The Weyl equation is the relativistic equation for a (left handed) neutrino. This remark means that one could imagine, that there were behind the Standard Model of High energy physics, a very general crystal model with very little symmetry. Even for the Yang Mills or electrodynamics types fields a similar philosophy is possible. There are though some problems with this solid-state type of model beyond the Standard model, for which we thought have some remedy by means of homolumo gap effects. By making use of relativistic quantum field theory on thelattice, in nano-scale condensed matter, we predicted theoretically very high magneto-conducting due to Adler-Bell-Jackiw chiral anomaly effect - so called Nielsen-Ninomiya effect (or mechanism) in gapless parity violating material. Nowadays this kind of material such as chiral or Weyl semimetal and the effect are detected by experiments.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2018

Novel String Field Theory with also Negative Energy Constituents/Objects gives Veneziano Amplitude

We have proposed a new type of string field theory. The main point of the present article is to cure some technical troubles: missing two out three terms in veneziano amplitude. Our novel string field theory, describes a theory with many strings in terms of "objects",which are not exactly, but close to Charles Thorn's string bits. The new point is that the objects in terms of which the universe states are constructed,and which have an essentially 26-momentum variable called J^μ, can have essentially the energy J^0 be also negative.We get a long way in deriving in this model the veneziano model and obtain all the three terms needed for a four point amplitude.This result strongly indicates that our novel string field theory is indeed string theory.

hep-th↗

arXiv2015

Bosons being their own antiparticles in Dirac formulation

Using our earlier formalism of extending the idea of the Dirac sea (negative energy states) to also for Bosons, we construct a formalism for Bosons which are their own antiparticles. Since antiparticles in formalisms with a Dirac sea are at first formulated as holes, they are a priori formally a bit different from the particles themselves. To set up a formalism/a theory for Majorana fermions and for Bosons in which particles are their own antiparticles is thus at first non-trivial. We here develop this not totally trivial formalism for what one could call extending the name for the fermions, Majorana-bosons. Because in our earlier work had what we called different sectors we got there some formal extensions of the theory which did not even have positive definite metric. Although such unphysical sectors may a priori be of no physical interest one could hope that they could be helpful for some pedagogical deeper understanding so that also the formalism for particles in such unphysical sectors of their own antiparticles would ,

hep-th↗

arXiv2015

A state description of pair production from Dirac sea in gravitational field --physical interpretation of Weyl anomaly--

We present the method that the pair production of particles is described as a Fock space state vector, where the pair production stems from receiving energy from, as an example, gravitational background field. At the same time we show a sort of new mechanism that in the diffeomorphism-invariant Dirac sea the Weyl symmetry is broken due to the pair production and this provides us a new physical interpretation of the origin of Weyl anomaly. In the present paper at the first place, we consider two kinds of background space-time which are connected each other by the Weyl transformation. It is shown that the vacuum, i.e. Dirac sea, in the "curved" space-time \underline{after} making Weyl transformation is nothing but the pair produced state provided we consider the state in terms of the Fock space basis in the "flat" space-time \underline{before} making the Weyl transformation. When summing up with respect to the time the contribution of pair production of each time-slice we obtain the Ricci scalar $R$ and then it is related to the trace part $\left\langle T^μ_{\> μ}\right\rangle$ of the energy-momentum tensor to produce Weyl anomaly.

hep-th↗

arXiv2015

Deriving Veneziano Model in a Novel String Field Theory Solving String Theory by Liberating Right and Left Movers

Bosonic string theory with the possibility for an arbitrary number of strings - i.e. a string field theory - is formulated by a Hilbert space (a Fock space), which is just that for massless noninteracting scalars. We earlier presented this novel type of string field theory, but now we show that it leads to scattering just given by the Veneziano model amplitude. Generalization to strings with fermion modes would presumably be rather easy. It is characteristic for our formulation /model that: 1) We have thrown away some null set of information compared to usual string field theory, 2)Formulated in terms of our \objects" (= the non-interacting scalars) there is no interaction and essentially no time development(Heisenberg picture), 3) so that the S-matrix is in our Hilbert space given as the unit matrix, S=1, and 4) the Veneziano scattering amplitude appear as the overlap between the initial and the final state described in terms of the \objects". 5) The integration in the Euler beta function making up the Veneziano model appear from the summation over the number of \objects" from one of the incoming strings which goes into a certain one of the two outgoing strings. A correction from Weyl anomaly is needed to get the correct form of the Veneziano amplitude and it only fits for 26 dimensions.

hep-th↗

arXiv2014

A new mechanism of realizing inflationary universe with recourse to backreaction of quantized free fields -- Inflation without inflaton --

It is shown that the inflationary era in early universe is realized due to the effect of backreaction of quantized matter fields. In fact we start by quantizing a free scalar field in the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker space-time, and the field is fluctuating quantum mechanically around the bottom of the mass potential. We then obtain the vacuum expectation value of the energy density of the scalar field as a functional of the scale factor $a(t)$ of the universe. By plugging it into the Einstein equation, a self-consistent equation is established in which the matter fields determine the time evolution of the universe. We solve this equation by setting few conditions and find the following solution: the universe expands à la de Sitter with e-folding number $\gtrsim 60$ and then it turns to shrink with a decreasing Hubble parameter $H(t)$ which rapidly goes to zero.

hep-th↗

arXiv2013

A Novel String Field Theory Solving String Theory by Liberating Left and Right Mover

We put forward ideas to a novel string field theory based on making some "objects" that essentially describe "liberated" left- and right- mover fields $X^μ_{L}(τ+ σ)$ and $X^μ_{R}(τ- σ)$ on the string. The main progress is that we manage to make our novel string field theory provide the correct mass square spectrum for the string. An interesting detail is that we have to dispense of a species doubler caused by the discretization we introduced in our string field theory of the string right- and left- mover variables. We finally suggest how to obtain the Veneziano amplitude in our model.

hep-th↗

arXiv2012

Our String Field Theory Liberating Left and Right Movers as Constituent "Objects"

We review the idea of our earlier proposed string field theory \cite{early1,early2,ourappear}, which makes the second quantized string theory appear as described by one or two types of stationary - so called - "objects" for string theories respectively with and without open strings. It may be better to look on our string field theory as a {\em solution} of a second quantized string theory, in which we have decided to ignore, how strings are topologically hanging together. Rather we satisfy ourselves with realizing solely the information contained in the knowledge of, through which points in space time passes a string. In the formulation of the string field theory, in which we have rewritten the systems of strings into a system of what we call "objects", the scattering of strings take place without any of the "fundamental" "objects" (technically "even objects") changing. They are only {\em exchanged} instead. A route to extract from our formalism the vertex of the Veneziano model theory is sketched, and thus in principle we have a line of arguments leading to, that our string field theory indeed gives the Veneziano model scattering amplitudes for the scatterings, that are in fact in our model {\em only exchanges}.

hep-th↗

arXiv2012

Possible origin of CMB temperature fluctuations: Vacuum fluctuations of Kaluza-Klein and string states during inflationary era

We point out that the temperature fluctuations of cosmic microwave background (CMB) can be generated in a way that is different from the one usually assumed in slow-roll inflation. Our mechanism is based on vacuum fluctuations of fields which are at rest at the bottom of the potential, such as Kaluza-Klein modes or string excited states. When there are a large number (typically of order $N\sim 10^{14}$) of fields with small mass in unit of Hubble parameter during the inflationary era, this effect can give significant contributions to the CMB temperature fluctuations. This number $N$ makes it possible to enhance scalar perturbation relative to tensor perturbation. Comparison with the observed amplitudes suggests that models with string scale of order $10^{-5}$ of 4D Planck scale are favorable.

hep-th↗

arXiv2011

CMB Fluctuations and String Compactification Scales

We propose a mechanism for the generation of temperature fluctuations of cosmic microwave background. We consider a large number of fields, such as Kaluza-Klein modes and string excitations. Each field contributes to the gravitational potential by a small amount, but an observable level of temperature fluctuations is achieved by summing up the contribution of typically of order 10^{14} fields. Tensor fluctuations are hardly affected by these fields. Our mechanism is based on purely quantum effects, and is different from the "slow-roll" or "curvaton" scenario. Using the observed data, we find constraints on the parameters of this model, such as the size of the extra dimensions and the string scale. Our model predicts a particular pattern of non-gaussianity with a small magnitude.

hep-th↗

arXiv2010

Backward Causation in Complex Action Model --- Superdeterminism and Transactional Interpretations

It is shown that the transactional interpretation of quantum mechanics being referred back to Feynman-Wheeler's time reversal symmetric radiation theory has reminiscences to our complex action model. In this complex action model the initial conditions are in principle even calculable. Thus it philosophically points towards superdeterminism, but really the Bell theorem problem is solved in our model of complex action by removing the significance of signals running slower than by light velocity. Our model as earlier published predicts that LHC should have some failure before reaching to have produced as many Higgs-particles as would have been produced the SSC accelerator. In the present article, we point out that a cardgame involving whether to restrict LHC-running as we have proposed to test our model will under all circumstances be a success.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2009

Search for Effect of Influence from Future in Large Hadron Collider

We propose an experiment which consists of drawing a card and using it to decide restrictions on the running of Large Hadron Collider (LHC for short) at CERN, such as luminosity, and beam energy. There may potentially occur total shut down. The purpose of such an experiment is to search for influence from the future, that is, backward causation. Since LHC will produce particles of a mathematically new type of fundamental scalars, i.e., the Higgs particles, there is potentially a chance to find unseen effects, such as on influence going from future to past, which we suggest in the present paper.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2009

Card game restriction in LHC can only be successful!

We argue that a restriction determined by a drawn card or quantum random numbers, on the running of LHC (Large Hadron Collider), which was proposed in earlier articles by us, can only result in an, at first, apparent success whatever the outcome. This previous work was concerned with looking for backward causation and/or influence from the future, which, in our previous model, was assumed to have the effect of arranging bad luck for large Higgs producing machines, such as LHC and the never finished SSC (Superconducting Super Collider) stopped by Congress because of such bad luck, so as not to allow them to work.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2008

Test of Influence from Future in Large Hadron Collider; A Proposal

We have earlier proposed the idea of making card drawing experiment of which outcome potentially decides whether Large Hadron Collider (LHC for short) should be closed or not. The purpose is to test theoretical models which, like e.g. our own model that has an imaginary part of the action with much a similar form to that of the real part. The imaginary part has influence on the initial conditions not only in the past but even from the future. It was speculated that all accelerators producing large amounts of Higgs particles like the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC for short) would call for initial conditions to have been so arranged as to finally not allow these accelerators to come to work. If there were such effects we could perhaps provoke a very clear cut "miracle" by having the effect make the drawn card be the one closing LHC. Here we shall, however, discuss that a total closing is hardly needed and seek to calculate how one could perform checking experiment for the proposed type of influence from future to be made in the statistically least disturbing and least harmful way. We shall also discuss how to extract most information about our effect or model in the unlikely case that a card restricting the running of LHC or the Tevatron would be drawn at all, by estimating say the relative importance of high beam energy or of high luminosity for the purpose of our effect.

physics.gen-ph↗