Density functional investigation of spin polarization in bulk and thin films of nitrogen intercalated Cu3N
It has been reported theoretically that the intercalation of nitrogen in the voids of the rather open cubic structure of bulk Cu3N build up a magnetic structure. In an extended effort to study this system, we have investigated spin polarization in bulk and thin films of nitrogen intercalated Cu3N (Cu3N2) structure by means of first-principles calculations based on Kohn-Sham density functional theory and ultrasoft pseudopotentials technique. Contrary to the previous study, the results show that after an accurate structural relaxation of the system, magnetism in the bulk structure vanishes. This effect is due to the migration of the intercalated nitrogen atom from the body center of the cell to the nearness of one of the cell faces. Similar study for the thin films of 5, 7, 9 and 11 monolayers thickness was performed and it was found that initial relaxation of structures with 7 and 11 monolayers show a net magnetic moment of 2.6 μB. By a more extended survey of the energy surfaces, the film with 7 monolayers loses its magnetic moment similar to the bulk structure but the film with 11 monolayers maintains its magnetic moment. It is possibly a new quantum size effect that keeps the intercalated nitrogen atom of the middlemost cell at the body center site. Electron density map of this film clearly confirms the spin polarization upon the intercalated atom.