arXiv subjects

Matheus S. M. de Sousa

Publications and source records attributed to Matheus S. M. de Sousa.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2024

Manipulable compact many-body localization and absence of superfluidity in geometrically frustrated systems

Geometric frustration is known to completely damage kinetic processes of some of the orbitals (and their associated quantum coherence) as to produce flat bands in the non-interacting systems. The impact of introducing additional interaction to the system in such frustrated systems is, however, a highly controversial issue. On the one hand, numerical studies on geometrically frustrated systems of hard-core boson (equivalent to a spin-1/2 systems) typically lead to glass or solid phases containing only local many-body coherence, indicating the persistence of the damage in quantum coherence. On the other, there continues to be noticeable claims of development of superfluidity that implies kinetic flow of particles. To resolve this apparent contradiction of great significance, we present a rigorous proof showing that density-density interaction is incapable of defeating the geometric frustration to allow propagation of those immobile particles, let alone sustaining a superfluidity. Instead, the frustrated systems develop many $\textit{compact}$ many-body localized states as "many-body scars" that do not thermalize, making them good candidates for storing $\textit{robust}$ and $\textit{manipulable}$ quantum information.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2023

Opacity of graphene independent of light frequency and polarization due to the topological charge of the Dirac points

The opacity of graphene is known to be approximately given by the fine-structure constant $α$ times $π$. We point out the fact that the opacity is roughly independent of the frequency and polarization of the light can be attributed to the topological charge of the Dirac points. As a result, one can literally see the topological charge by naked eyes from the opacity of graphene, and moreover it implies that the fine-structure constant is topologically protected. A similar analysis suggests that 3D topological insulator thin films of any thickness also have opacity $πα$ in the infrared region owing to the topological surface states, indicating that one can see the surface states by naked eyes through an infrared lens. For 3D Dirac or Weyl semimetals, the optical absorption power is linear to the frequency in the infrared region, with a linearity given by the fine-structure constant and the topological charge of Weyl points.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2023

Mapping quantum geometry and quantum phase transitions to real space by a fidelity marker

The quantum geometry in the momentum space of semiconductors and insulators, described by the quantum metric of the valence band Bloch state, has been an intriguing issue owing to its connection to various material properties. Because the Brillouin zone is periodic, the integration of quantum metric over momentum space represents an average distance between neighboring Bloch states, of which we call the fidelity number. We show that this number can further be expressed in real space as a fidelity marker, which is a local quantity that can be calculated directly from diagonalizing the lattice Hamiltonian. A linear response theory is further introduced to generalize the fidelity number and marker to finite temperature, and moreover demonstrates that they can be measured from the global and local optical absorption power against linearly polarized light. In particular, the fidelity number spectral function in 2D systems can be easily measured from the opacity of the material. Based on the divergence of quantum metric, a nonlocal fidelity marker is further introduced and postulated as a universal indicator of any quantum phase transitions provided the crystalline momentum remains a good quantum number, and it may be interpreted as a Wannier state correlation function. The ubiquity of these concepts is demonstrated for a variety of topological insulators and topological phase transitions in different dimensions.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2022

Symmetry-enforced nodal lines in the band structures of vacancy-engineered graphene

We elaborate that single-layer graphene with periodic vacancies can have a band structure containing nodal lines or nodal loops, opening the possibility of graphene-based electronic or spintronic devices with novel functionalities. The principle is that by removing carbon atoms such that the lattice becomes nonsymmorphic, every two sublattices in the unit cell will map to each other under glide plane operation. This mapping yields degenerate eigenvalues for the glide plane operation, which guarantees that the energy bands must stick together pairwise at a boundary of the Brillouin zone. Moving away from the Brillouin zone boundary causes the symmetry-enforced nodal lines to split, resulting in accidental nodal lines caused by the crossings of the split bands. Moreover, the density of states at the Fermi level may be dramatically enhanced if the nodal lines crosses the Fermi level. The nodal lines occur a variety of vacancy configurations even in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit coupling. Finally, our theory also explains the nodal loops surrounding the entire Brillouin zone of a chevron-type nanoporous graphene fabricated in a recent experiment.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2021

Vacancy-Engineered Flat-Band Superconductivity in Holey Graphene

A bipartite lattice with chiral symmetry is known to host zero energy flat bands if the numbers of the two sublattices are different. We demonstrate that this mechanism of producing flat bands can be realized on graphene by introducing periodic vacancies. Using first-principle calculations, we elaborate that even though the pristine graphene does not exactly preserve chiral symmetry, this mechanism applied to holey graphene still produces single or multiple bands as narrow as ~0.5eV near the Fermi surface throughout the entire Brillouin zone. Moreover, this mechanism can combine with vacancy-engineered nonsymmorphic symmetry to produce band structures with coexisting flat bands and nodal lines. A weak coupling mean-field treatment suggests the stabilization of superconductivity by these vacancy-engineered narrow bands. In addition, superconductivity occurs predominantly on the majority sublattices, with an amplitude that increases with the number of narrow bands.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2021

Magnetoelectric torque and edge currents in spin-orbit coupled graphene nanoribbons

For graphene nanoribbons with Rashba spin-orbit coupling, the peculiar magnetic response due to the presence of a magnetization and geometric confinement are analyzed within a tight-binding model. We observe a sizable transverse susceptibility that can be considered as a gate voltage-induced magnetoelectric torque without the need of a bias voltage, with different directions for zigzag and armchair ribbons. The local torque generates non-collinear spin polarization between the two edges and/or along the ribbon, and the net torque averages to zero if the magnetization is homogeneous. Nevertheless, a nonzero net torque can appear in partially magnetized nanoribbons or in nanoflakes of irregular shapes. The equilibrium spin current produced by the spin-orbit coupling also appears in nanoribbons, but the component flowing in the direction of confinement is strongly suppressed. Even without the magnetization, an out-of-plane polarized chiral edge spin current is produced, resembling that in the quantum spin Hall effect. Moreover, a magnetization pointing perpendicular to the edge produces a laminar flow of edge charge currents, whose flow direction is symmetric (non chiral) or antisymmetric (chiral) between the two edges depends on whether the magnetization points in-plane or out-of-plane.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗