The Geodesic Restriction Problem for Arithmetic Spherical Harmonics
Given a Riemannian manifold $M$ and an $L^2$-normalized Laplacian eigenfunction $ψ$ on $M$ with eigenvalue $λ^2$, a general problem in analysis is to understand how the mass of $ψ$ distributes around $M$. There are different ways to attack this problem. One of them is to analyze the $L^p$-norm of $ψ$ restricted to a submanifold of $M$. Here, we concentrate on the case $M=S^2$, $p=2$, and we restrict to geodesics of the sphere. Burq, Gérard, and Tzvetkov showed, for $γ$ a geodesic of $S^2$ (and indeed for more general surfaces), that $||ψ|_γ||_{L^2} \ll λ^{1/4}$ and that this bound is optimal in general. In this paper, we specialize to the case in which $ψ$ is an eigenfunction of all the Hecke operators on the sphere and consider the set of geodesics $\mathcal{C}_{D}$ of $S^2$ associated to fundamental discriminants $D<0$. By combining approaches of Ali and Magee, we improve the previous upper bound to $||ψ|_{\mathcal{C}_{D}}||_{L^2} \ll_{D,\varepsilon} λ^{\varepsilon}$ for any $\varepsilon>0$, which is essentially sharp.