arXiv subjects

Mekala Kiran

Publications and source records attributed to Mekala Kiran.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Counting Small Balanced (p,q)-bicliques in Signed Bipartite Graphs

Two disjoint sets of entities and their relationship can be modelled as a bipartite graph. Real-life examples include drug-target interaction in biological networks, user-item relationships in e-commerce networks, etc. Motif-based analysis is essential for understanding the structure of large-scale networks, and bipartite graphs are no exception. In contrast to unsigned graphs, motif analysis in signed bipartite graphs has received limited attention. The smallest non-trivial motif in a signed bipartite graph is a balanced (2,2)-biclique, often called a balanced butterfly, which captures only local patterns and cannot reveal higher-order relationships. Bipartite motifs have been studied in the literature in the context of signed bipartite graphs, such as maximal biclique, bitruss, and so on. None of these works addresses bipartite motifs with fixed-sized vertex sets, which are often relevant in practical situations. In this work, we study the balanced (p,q)-biclique counting problem for small values of p and q. As a baseline, we first adapt and extend the state-of-the-art BCList++ algorithm for unsigned bipartite graphs to incorporate edge signs, which we call SBCList++. We then propose two efficient algorithms: BBWC, a wedge-centric approach that enforces balance constraints during enumeration, and BBVP, a vertex-based pruning approach that directly enumerates feasible vertex sets. Extensive experiments on large real-world datasets demonstrate that the vertex-based pruning algorithm, BBVP, significantly outperforms the baseline, achieving an average speedup of 636$\times$ over SBCList++ (where p=q=3).

cs.DS↗

arXiv2026

Multi-core & GPU-based Balanced Butterfly Counting in Signed Bipartite Graphs

Balanced butterfly counting, corresponding to counting balanced (2, 2)-bicliques, is a fundamental primitive in the analysis of signed bipartite graphs and provides a basis for studying higher-order structural properties such as clustering coefficients and community structure. Although prior work has proposed an efficient CPU-based serial method for counting balanced (2, k)-bicliques. The computational cost of balanced butterfly counting remains a major bottleneck on large-scale graphs. In this work, we present the highly parallel implementations for balanced butterfly counting for both multicore CPUs and GPUs. The proposed multi-core algorithm (M-BBC) employs fine-grained vertex-level parallelism to accelerate wedge-based counting while eliminating the generation of unbalanced substructures. To improve scalability, we develop a GPU-based method (G-BBC) that uses a tile-based parallel approach to effectively leverage shared memory while handling large vertex sets. We then present an improved variation, G-BBC++, which integrates dynamic scheduling to mitigate workload imbalance and maximize throughput. We conduct an experimental assessment of the proposed methods across 15 real-world datasets. Experimental results exhibit that M-BBC achieves speedups of up to 71.13x (average 38.13x) over the sequential baseline BB2K. The GPU-based algorithms deliver even greater improvements, achieving up to 13,320x speedup (average 2,600x) over BB2K and outperforming M-BBC by up to 186x (average 50x). These results indicate the substantial scalability and efficiency of our parallel algorithms and establish a robust foundation for high-performance signed motif analysis on massive bipartite graphs.

cs.DC↗

arXiv2023

Balanced Butterfly Counting in Bipartite-Network

Bipartite graphs offer a powerful framework for modeling complex relationships between two distinct types of vertices, incorporating probabilistic, temporal, and rating-based information. While the research community has extensively explored various types of bipartite relationships, there has been a notable gap in studying Signed Bipartite Graphs, which capture liking / disliking interactions in real-world networks such as customer-rating-product and senator-vote-bill. Balance butterflies, representing 2 x 2 bicliques, provide crucial insights into antagonistic groups, balance theory, and fraud detection by leveraging the signed information. However, such applications require counting balance butterflies which remains unexplored. In this paper, we propose a new problem: counting balance butterflies in a signed bipartite graph. To address this problem, we adopt state-of-the-art algorithms for butterfly counting, establishing a smart baseline that reduces the time complexity for solving our specific problem. We further introduce a novel bucket approach specifically designed to count balanced butterflies efficiently. We propose a parallelized version of the bucketing approach to enhance performance. Extensive experimental studies on nine real-world datasets demonstrate that our proposed bucket-based algorithm is up to 120x faster over the baseline, and the parallel implementation of the bucket-based algorithm is up to 45x faster over the single core execution. Moreover, a real-world case study showcases the practical application and relevance of counting balanced butterflies.

cs.SI↗