arXiv subjects

Mian Muhammad Azeem Abid

Publications and source records attributed to Mian Muhammad Azeem Abid.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2021

Realistic Inflation in No-Scale $U(1)_R$ Symmetric Flipped $SU(5)$

We have realized non-minimal Higgs inflation and standard hybrid inflation in the supersymmetric flipped $SU(5)$ model with $U(1)_R$ symmetry using the no-scale form of the Kähler potential. In non-minimal Higgs inflation the waterfall Higgs field plays the role of inflaton, and in standard hybrid inflation the gauge singlet field $S$ is employed as an inflaton. The predictions of both models are in good agreement with the Planck 2018 data. For numerical calculations we have fixed the gauge symmetry breaking scale, $M$, around $2\times 10^{16}$ GeV. In both models the inflaton field values are constrained below $m_P$. The tensor to scalar ratio $r$ in non-minimal inflation is of the order of $10^{-3}$ and for standard hybrid inflation $r$ is tiny, of order $10^{-15} - 10^{-4}$. The scalar spectral index in both cases lie within the Planck 1-$σ$ bounds, and the running of the scalar spectral index lies in the range, $-dn_s/d\ln k \sim 6\times 10^{-4}$ for non-minimal model and $10^{-9} - 10^{-3}$ for the standard hybrid model. A realistic scenario of reheating and non-thermal leptogenesis is employed with reheat temperature $T_r \sim 10^9$ GeV for non-minimal model and $10^{6} - 10^{10}$~GeV for standard hybrid model. The $R$-symmetry plays a vital role in forbidding rapid proton decay, but at the same time it also suppresses terms responsible for generating right handed neutrino masses. A realistic scenario of right handed neutrino masses is obtained by considering effective $R$ symmetry breaking at the nonrenormalizable level with adequate suppression of rapid proton decay.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2020

New Inflation in Supersymmetric SU(5) and Flipped SU(5) GUT Models

We study the feasibility of realizing supersymmetric new inflation model, introduced by Senoguz and Shafi in [1], for $SU(5)$ and flipped $SU(5)$ models of grand unified theories (GUTs). This realization requires an additional $U(1)_R \times Z_{n}$ symmetry for its successful implementation. The standard model (SM) gauge singlet scalar components of $24_H$ and $10_H$ GUT Higgs superfields are respectively employed to realize successful inflation in $SU(5)$ and flipped $SU(5)$ models. The predictions of the various inflationary observables lie within the recent Planck bounds on the scalar spectral index, $n_s$, for $n \geq 5$ in $SU(5)$ model and for $n \geq 6$ in flipped $SU(5)$ model. In particular, the tensor to scalar ratio $r$ and the running of spectral index $d n_s/ d\ln k$ are negligibly small and lie in the range, $10^{-12} \lesssim r \lesssim 10^{-8}$ and $10^{-9} \lesssim dn_s/d\ln k \lesssim 10^{-3}$, for realistic values of $n$. In numerical estimation of the various predictions, we fix the gauge symmetry breaking scale, $M$, around $2 \times 10^{16}$ GeV. The issue of gauge coupling unification in $R$-symmetric $SU(5)$ is evaded by adding vectorlike families with mass splitting within their multiplets. The dilution of monopoles beyond the observable limit is naturally achieved in the breaking of $SU(5)$ gauge symmetry during inflation. A realistic scenario of reheating with non-thermal leptogenesis is employed for both models. The predicted range of reheat temperature within Planck bounds, $3 \times 10^{7}\text{ GeV }\lesssim T_r \lesssim 2 \times 10^{9}$ GeV, is safe from the gravitino problem for the gravitino mass, $m_{3/2} \gtrsim 10$ TeV. Finally, the $U(1)_R \times Z_{n}$ symmetry is also observed to play a crucial role in suppressing the various fast proton decay operators.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2019

Nonminimal Inflation in Supersymmetric GUTs with $U(1)_R \times Z_n$ Symmetry

A supersymmetric hybrid inflation framework is employed to realize a class of non-minimal inflation models with $U(1)_R \times Z_n$ global symmetry. This framework naturally incorporates models based on grand unified theories by avoiding the most commonly faced monopole problem. The predictions of inflationary observables, the scalar spectral index $n_s = 0.960-0.966$ and the tensor to scalar ratio $r=0.0031-0.0045$, are in perfect agreement with the Planck 2018 data. For sub-Planckian values of the field the $Z_n$ symmetry is only allowed for $n\leq 4$.

hep-ph↗