arXiv subjects

Michael Lieberman

Publications and source records attributed to Michael Lieberman.

18 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2020

Induced and higher-dimensional stable independence

We provide several crucial technical extensions of the theory of stable independence notions in accessible categories. In particular, we describe circumstances under which a stable independence notion can be transferred from a subcategory to a category as a whole, and examine a number of applications to categories of groups and modules, extending results of [MAa]. We prove, too, that under the hypotheses of [LRV], a stable independence notion immediately yields higher-dimensional independence as in [SV].

math.LO↗

arXiv2020

Cofibrant generation of pure monomorphisms

We show that pure monomorphisms are cofibrantly generated---generated from a set of morphisms by pushouts, transfinite composition, and retracts---in any locally finitely presentable additive category. In particular, this is true in any category of $R$-modules.

math.CT↗

arXiv2019

Hilbert spaces and ${C}^\ast$-algebras are not finitely concrete

We show that no faithful functor from the category of Hilbert spaces with linear isometries into the category of sets preserves directed colimits. Thus Hilbert spaces cannot form an abstract elementary class, even up to change of language. We deduce an analogous result for the category of commutative unital $C^\ast$-algebras with $\ast$-homomorphisms. This implies, in particular, that this category is not axiomatizable by a first-order theory, a strengthening of a conjecture of Bankston.

math.CT↗

arXiv2019

Cellular categories and stable independence

We exhibit a bridge between the theory of cellular categories, used in algebraic topology and homological algebra, and the model-theoretic notion of stable independence. Roughly speaking, we show that the combinatorial cellular categories (those where, in a precise sense, the cellular morphisms are generated by a set) are exactly those that give rise to stable independence notions. We give two applications: on the one hand, we show that the abstract elementary classes of roots of Ext studied by Baldwin-Eklof-Trlifaj are stable and tame. On the other hand, we give a simpler proof (in a special case) that combinatorial categories are closed under 2-limits, a theorem of Makkai and Rosick\'y.

math.CT↗

arXiv2019

Tameness, powerful images, and large cardinals

We provide comprehensive, level-by-level characterizations of large cardinals, in the range from weakly compact to strongly compact, by closure properties of powerful images of accessible functors. In the process, we show that these properties are also equivalent to various forms of tameness for abstract elementary classes. This systematizes and extends results of [BU17], [BTR16], [Lie18], and [LR16].

math.LO↗

arXiv2019

Sizes and filtrations in accessible categories

Accessible categories admit a purely category-theoretic replacement for cardinality: the internal size. Generalizing results and methods from arXiv:1708.06782, we examine set-theoretic problems related to internal sizes and prove several L\"owenheim-Skolem theorems for accessible categories. For example, assuming the singular cardinal hypothesis, we show that a large accessible category has an object in all internal sizes of high-enough cofinality. We also prove that accessible categories with directed colimits have filtrations: any object of sufficiently high internal size is (the retract of) a colimit of a chain of strictly smaller objects.

math.LO↗

arXiv2018

Tameness in generalized metric structures

We broaden the framework of metric abstract elementary classes (mAECs) in several essential ways, chiefly by allowing the metric to take values in a well-behaved quantale. As a proof of concept we show that the result of Boney and Zambrano on (metric) tameness under a large cardinal assumption holds in this more general context. We briefly consider a further generalization to partial metric spaces, and hint at connections to classes of fuzzy structures, and structures on sheaves.

math.LO↗

arXiv2018

A category-theoretic characterization of almost measurable cardinals

Through careful analysis of an argument of Brooke-Taylor and Rosicky, we show that the powerful image of any accessible functor is closed under colimits of $\kappa$-chains, $\kappa$ a sufficiently large almost measurable cardinal. This condition on powerful images, by methods resembling those of Lieberman and Rosicky, implies $\kappa$-locality of Galois types. As this, in turn, implies sufficient measurability of $\kappa$, via a paper of Boney and Unger, we obtain an equivalence: a purely category-theoretic characterization of almost measurable cardinals.

math.LO↗

arXiv2018

Forking independence from the categorical point of view

Forking is a central notion of model theory, generalizing linear independence in vector spaces and algebraic independence in fields. We develop the theory of forking in abstract, category-theoretic terms, for reasons both practical (we require a characterization suitable for work in $\mu$-abstract elementary classes, i.e. accessible categories with all morphisms monomorphisms) and expository (we hope, with this account, to make forking accessible - and useful - to a broader mathematical audience). In particular, we present an axiomatic definition of what we call a stable independence notion on a category and show that this is in fact a purely category-theoretic axiomatization of the properties of model-theoretic forking in a stable first-order theory.

math.LO↗

arXiv2017

Internal sizes in $\mu$-abstract elementary classes

Working in the context of $\mu$-abstract elementary classes ($\mu$-AECs) - or, equivalently, accessible categories with all morphisms monomorphisms - we examine the two natural notions of size that occur, namely cardinality of underlying sets and internal size. The latter, purely category-theoretic, notion generalizes e.g. density character in complete metric spaces and cardinality of orthogonal bases in Hilbert spaces. We consider the relationship between these notions under mild set-theoretic hypotheses, including weakenings of the singular cardinal hypothesis. We also establish preliminary results on the existence and categoricity spectra of $\mu$-AECs, including specific examples showing dramatic failures of the eventual categoricity conjecture (with categoricity defined using cardinality) in $\mu$-AECs.

math.LO↗

arXiv2017

Universal abstract elementary classes and locally multipresentable categories

We exhibit an equivalence between the model-theoretic framework of universal classes and the category-theoretic framework of locally multipresentable categories. We similarly give an equivalence between abstract elementary classes (AECs) admitting intersections and locally polypresentable categories. We use these results to shed light on Shelah's presentation theorem for AECs.

math.LO↗

arXiv2016

Hanf numbers via accessible images

We present several new model-theoretic applications of the fact that, under the assumption that there exists a proper class of almost strongly compact cardinals, the powerful image of any accessible functor is accessible. In particular, we generalize to the context of accessible categories the recent Hanf number computations of Baldwin and Boney, namely that in an abstract elementary class (AEC) if the joint embedding and amalgamation properties hold for models of size up to a sufficiently large cardinal, then they hold for models of arbitrary size. Moreover, we prove that, under the above-mentioned large cardinal assumption, every metric AEC is strongly d-tame, strengthening a result of Boney and Zambrano and pointing the way to further generalizations.

math.LO↗

arXiv2015

$\mu$-Abstract Elementary Classes and other generalizations

We introduce $\mu$-Abstract Elementary Classes ($\mu$-AECs) as a broad framework for model theory that includes complete boolean algebras and Dirichlet series, and begin to develop their classification theory. Moreover, we note that $\mu$-AECs correspond precisely to accessible categories in which all morphisms are monomorphisms, and begin the process of reconciling these divergent perspectives: not least, the preliminary classification-theoretic results for {\mu}-AECs transfer directly to accessible categories with monomorphisms.

math.LO↗

arXiv2015

Approximations of superstability in concrete accessible categories

We generalize the constructions and results of Chapter 10 in Baldwin's "Categoricity" to coherent accessible categories with concrete directed colimits and concrete monomorphisms. In particular, we prove that if any category of this form is categorical in a successor, directed colimits of saturated objects are themselves saturated.

math.LO↗

arXiv2015

Metric abstract elementary classes as accessible categories

We show that metric abstract elementary classes (mAECs) are, in the sense of [LR] (i.e. arXiv:1404.2528), coherent accessible categories with directed colimits, with concrete $\aleph_1$-directed colimits and concrete monomorphisms. More broadly, we define a notion of $\kappa$-concrete AEC---an AEC-like category in which only the $\kappa$-directed colimits need be concrete---and develop the theory of such categories, beginning with a category-theoretic analogue of Shelah's Presentation Theorem and a proof of the existence of an Ehrenfeucht-Mostowski functor in case the category is large. For mAECs in particular, arguments refining those in [LR] yield a proof that any categorical mAEC is $\mu$-d-stable in many cardinals below the categoricity cardinal.

math.LO↗

arXiv2014

Classification theory for accessible categories

We show that a number of results on abstract elementary classes (AECs) hold in accessible categories with concrete directed colimits. In particular, we prove a generalization of a recent result of Boney on tameness under a large cardinal assumption. We also show that such categories support a robust version of the Ehrenfeucht-Mostowski construction. This analysis has the added benefit of producing a purely language-free characterization of AECs, and highlights the precise role played by the coherence axiom.

math.LO↗

arXiv2010

A Topology for Galois Types in AECs

We present a way of topologizing sets of Galois types over structures in abstract elementary classes with amalgamation. In the elementary case, the topologies thus produced refine the syntactic topologies familiar from first order logic. We exhibit a number of natural correspondences between the model-theoretic properties of classes and their constituent models and the topological properties of the associated spaces. Tameness of Galois types, in particular, emerges as a topological separation principle.

math.LO↗

arXiv2010

Rank functions and partial stability spectra for tame AECs

We introduce a family of rank functions and related notions of total transcendence for Galois types in abstract elementary classes. We focus, in particular, on abstract elementary classes satisfying the condition know as tameness (currently suspected to be a necessary condition for the development of a reasonable classification theory) where the connections between stability and total transcendence are most evident. As a byproduct, we obtain a partial upward stability transfer result for tame abstract elementary classes stable in a cardinal lambda satisfying lambda^{aleph_0}, a substantial generalization of a result of Baldwin, Kueker, and VanDieren.

math.LO↗