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Michal Brhlik

Publications and source records attributed to Michal Brhlik.

16 recordsLinked to original sources

Aspects of Supersymmetric Models with a Radiatively Driven Inverted Mass Hierarchy

A promising way to reconcile naturalness with a decoupling solution to the SUSY flavor and CP problems is suggested by models with a radiatively driven inverted mass hierarchy (RIMH). The RIMH models arise naturally within the context of SUSY SO(10) grand unified theories. In their original form, RIMH models suffer from two problems: 1.) obtaining the radiative breakdown of electroweak symmetry, and 2.) generating the correct masses for third generation fermions. The first problem can be solved by the introduction of SO(10) D-term contributions to scalar masses. We show that correct fermion masses can indeed be obtained, but at the cost of limiting the magnitude of the hierarchy that can be generated. We go on to compute predictions for the neutralino relic density as well as for the rate for the decay $b\to sγ$, and show that these yield significant constraints on model parameter space. We show that only a tiny corner of model parameter space is accessible to Fermilab Tevatron searches, assuming an integrated luminosity of 25~$fb^{-1}$. We also quantify the reach of the CERN LHC collider for this class of models, and find values of $m_{\tg}\sim 1600$ GeV to be accessible assuming just 10 fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity. In an Appendix, we list the two loop renormalization group equations for the MSSM plus right handed neutrino model that we have used in our analysis.

hep-ph

Yukawa Unified Supersymmetric SO(10) Model: Cosmology, Rare Decays and Collider Searches

It has recently been pointed out that viable sparticle mass spectra can be generated in Yukawa unified SO(10) supersymmetric grand unified models consistent with radiative breaking of electroweak symmetry. Model solutions are obtained only if $\tanβ\sim 50$, $μ<0$ and positive $D$-term contributions to scalar masses from SO(10) gauge symmetry breaking are used. In this paper, we attempt to systematize the parameter space regions where solutions are obtained. We go on to calculate the relic density of neutralinos as a function of parameter space. No regions of the parameter space explored were actually cosmologically excluded, and very reasonable relic densities were found in much of parameter space. Direct neutralino detection rates could exceed 1 event/kg/day for a $^{73}$Ge detector, for low values of GUT scale gaugino mass $m_{1/2}$. We also calculate the branching fraction for $b\to s γ$ decays, and find that it is beyond the 95% CL experimental limits in much, but not all, of the parameter space regions explored. However, recent claims have been made that NLO effects can reverse the signs of certain amplitudes in the $b\to sγ$ calculation, leading to agreement between theory and experiment in Yukawa unified SUSY models. For the Fermilab Tevatron collider, significant regions of parameter space can be explored via $b\bar{b}A$ and $b\bar{b}H$ searches. There also exist some limited regions of parameter space where a trilepton signal can be seen at TeV33. Finally, there exist significant regions of parameter space where direct detection of bottom squark pair production can be made, especially for large negative values of the GUT parameter $A_0$.

hep-ph

Weighing the universe with accelerators and detectors

Suppose the lightest superpartner (LSP) is observed at colliders, and WIMPs are detected in explicit experiments. We point out that one cannot immediately conclude that cold dark matter (CDM) of the universe has been observed, and we determine what measurements are necessary before such a conclusion is meaningful. We discuss the analogous situation for neutrinos and axions; in the axion case we have not found a way to conclude axions are the CDM even if axions are detected.

hep-ph

Supersymmetric Electroweak Baryogenesis and CP Violation

I review the mechanism of electroweak baryogenesis within the framework of a string motivated supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model with large flavor-independent CP-violating phases. Possible implications for the Higgs sector are considered in correlation with the properties of the right-handed stop. I also comment on the compatibility of supersymmetric electroweak baryogenesis with various CP-violating observables.

hep-ph

WIMP Velocity Impact on Direct Dark Matter Searches

We examine the effect of some uncertainties in the input astrophysical parameters on direct detection searches for WIMPs in the Galactic halo. We concentrate on the possible WIMP annual modulation signal recently reported by the DAMA Collaboration. We find that allowing for a reasonable uncertainty in a WIMP Maxwellian velocity distribution leads to significantly relaxed constraints on the WIMP mass as compared to the original DAMA analysis.

hep-ph

Electric Dipole Moments Do Not Require the CP-violating Phases of Supersymmetry To Be Small

We report the first fully general numerical calculation of the neutron and electron dipole moments, including the seven significant phases. We find that there are major regions in the parameter space where none of the phases are required to be small, contrary to the conventional wisdom. The electric dipole moments (EDM's) do provide useful constraints, allowing other regions of parameter space to be carved away. We keep all superpartner masses light so agreement with experimental limits arises purely from interesting relations among soft breaking parameters.

hep-ph

SUSY Dark Matter: Direct Searches vs. Collider Experiments

The lightest neutralino in supersymmetric models with conserved R-parity is an attractive candidate for non-luminous matter in the universe. If relic neutralinos are indeed present as dark matter in our galaxy, they can be directly detected in scattering experiments. This could serve as an independent search channel for supersymmetry complementary to collider experiments. I compare the sensitivity of direct detection experiments with the reach for supersymmetry at collider facilities in the framework of the minimal supergravity model.

hep-ph

$b\to sγ$ Decay in Supersymmetric Theories

Recent advances in the calculation of the $b\to sγ$ decay branching ratio are presented in the context of supersymmetric theories. Theoretical accuracy increased by inclusion of the next-to-leading order QCD corrections makes it possible to significantly decrease scale dependence of the result. Comparison with the latest CLEO experimental results then allows to limit supersymmetric loop contributions to the process and consequently constrain the parameter space of supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model. We discuss these constraints both in the minimal supergravity inspired model (SUGRA) and in the simplest gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking model (GMSB) both of which are interesting from the point of view of the searches for supersymmetry at present and future colliders. Our analysis also includes the interesting region of large $\tan β$ relevant for models with Yukawa coupling unification.

hep-ph

Measuring the Supersymmetry Lagrangian

The parameters of the supersymmetry Lagrangian are the place where experiment and theory will meet. We show that measuring them is harder than has been thought, particularly because of large unavoidable dependences on phases. Measurements are only guaranteed if a lepton collider with a polarized beam and sufficient energy to produce the relevant sparticles is available. Current limits on superpartner masses, WIMPs, and the supersymmetric Higgs are not general, and need re-evaluation. We also tentatively define the MRM (Minimum Reasonable Model), whose parameters may be measurable at LEP, FNAL and LHC.

hep-ph

$b\to sγ$ Constraints on the Minimal Supergravity Model with Large $\tanβ$

In the minimal supergravity model (mSUGRA), as the parameter $\tanβ$ increases, the charged Higgs boson and light bottom squark masses decrease, which can potentially increase contributions from $tH^\pm$, $\tg\tb_j$ and $\tz_i\tb_j$ loops in the decay $b\to sγ$. We update a previous QCD improved $b\to sγ$ decay calculation to include in addition the effects of gluino and neutralino loops. We find that in the mSUGRA model, loops involving charginos also increase, and dominate over $tW$, $tH^\pm$, $\tg\tq$ and $\tz_i\tq$ contributions for $\tanβ\agt 5-10$. We find for large values of $\tanβ\sim 35$ that most of the parameter space of the mSUGRA model for $μ<0$ is ruled out due to too large a value of branching ratio $B(b\to sγ)$. For $μ>0$ and large $\tanβ$, most of parameter space is allowed, although the regions with the least fine-tuning (low $m_0$ and $m_{1/2}$) are ruled out due to too low a value of $B(b\to sγ)$. We compare the constraints from $b\to sγ$ to constraints from the neutralino relic density, and to expectations for sparticle discovery at LEP2 and the Fermilab Tevatron $p\bar p$ colliders. Finally, we show that non-universal GUT scale soft breaking squark mass terms can enhance gluino loop contributions to $b\to sγ$ decay rate even if these are diagonal.

hep-ph

Neutralino Dark Matter in Minimal Supergravity: Direct Detection vs. Collider Searches

We calculate expected event rates for direct detection of relic neutralinos as a function of parameter space of the minimal supergravity model. Numerical results are presented for the specific case of a $^{73}$Ge detector. We find significant detection rates ($R> 0.01$ events/kg/day) in regions of parameter space most favored by constraints from $B\to X_sγ$ and the cosmological relic density of neutralinos. The detection rates are especially large in regions of large $\tanβ$, where many conventional signals for supersymmetry at collider experiments are difficult to detect. If the parameter $\tanβ$ is large, then there is a significant probability that the first direct evidence for supersymmetry could come from direct detection experiments, rather than from collider searches for sparticles.

hep-ph

QCD Improved $b\to sγ$ Constraints on the Minimal Supergravity Model

Recent advances in the QCD corrections to $b\to sγ$ decay in the MSSM include i.) evaluation of the relevant operators, Wilson coefficients and anomalous dimension matrix elements for the various MSSM effective theories valid at scales beyond $Q =M_W$, ii.) calculations of most of the needed anomalous dimension matrix elements to next-to-leading order for scales $m_b\alt Q <M_W$, and iii.) calculations of ${\cal O}(α_s)$ virtual and bremsstrahlung corrections to the $b\to sγ$ decay operators at scale $Q\sim m_b$. We assemble all these known results to gain an estimate of $B(b\to sγ)$ for the parameter space of the minimal supergravity model (mSUGRA). We find a much reduced scale dependence of our result compared to usual leading-log evaluations. Comparison with the latest CLEO results yields stringent constraints on parameter space. Much of mSUGRA parameter space is ruled out for $μ<0$, especially for large $tanβ$. We compare these results with other constraints from cosmology and non-standard vacua. Also, we compare with expectations for discovering mSUGRA at LEP2, the Tevatron and the CERN LHC.

hep-ph

Signals for the Minimal Gauge-mediated Supersymmetry Breaking Model at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider

We investigate the experimental implications of the minimal gauge-mediated low energy supersymmetry breaking (GMLESB) model for Fermilab Tevatron collider experiments. We map out the regions of parameter space of this model that have already been excluded by collider searches and by limits on $b\to sγ$. We use ISAJET to compute the cross sections for a variety of topological signatures which include photons in assocation with multiple leptons, jets and missing transverse energy. The reach in the parameter $Λ$, which fixes the scale of sparticle masses, is estimated to be $\sim 60$, 100 and 135 TeV for Tevatron integrated luminosities of 0.1, 2 and 25 fb$^{-1}$, respectively. The largest signals occur in photon(s) plus lepton(s) plus multi-jet channels; jet-free channels containing just photons plus leptons occur at much smaller rates, at least within this minimal framework.

hep-ph

Constraints on the Minimal Supergravity Model from Non-standard Vacua

We evaluate regions of parameter space in the minimal supergravity model where ``unbounded from below'' (UFB) or charge or color breaking minima (CCB) occur. Our analysis includes the most important terms from the 1-loop effective potential. We note a peculiar discontinuity of results depending on how renormalization group improvement is performed: One case leads to a UFB potential throughout the model parameter space, while the other typically agrees quite well with similar calculations performed using only the tree level potential. We compare our results with constraints from cosmology and naturalness and find a preferred region of parameter space which implies $m_{\tg}\alt 725$ GeV, $m_{\tq}\alt 650$ GeV, $m_{\tw_1}\alt 225$ GeV and $m_{\tell_R}\alt 220$ GeV. We discuss the consequences of our results for supersymmetry searches at various colliding beam facilities.

hep-ph

Anomaly-Free Gauged R-Symmetry

We review the gauging of an R-symmetry in local and global susy. We then construct the first anomaly-free models. We break the R-symmetry and susy at the Planck scale and discuss the low-energy effects. We include a solution to the mu-problem, and the prediction of observable effects at HERA. The models also nicely allow for GUT-scale baryogenesis and R-parity violation without the sphaleron interactions erasing the baryon-asymmetry.

hep-ph

Prospects for Supersymmetry at LEP2

Working within the framework of the minimal supergravity model with gauge coupling unification and radiative electroweak symmetry breaking (SUGRA), we map out regions of parameter space explorable by experiments at LEP2, for center of mass energy options of $\sqrt{s}=150,\ 175$, $190$ and 205 GeV. We compute signals from all accessible $2 \rightarrow 2$ SUSY pair production processes using the ISAJET simulation program, and devise cuts that enhance the signal relative to Standard Model backgrounds, and which also serve to differentiate various supersymmetric processes from one another. We delineate regions of SUGRA parameter space where production of neutralino pairs, chargino pairs, slepton pairs and the production of the light Higgs scalar of SUSY is detectable above Standard Model backgrounds and distinguishable from other SUSY processes. In addition, we find small regions of SUGRA parameter space where $\te\te$, $\tz_2\tz_2$ and $\tnu_L\tnu_L$ production yields spectacular events with up to four isolated leptons. The combined regions of parameter space explorable by LEP2 are compared with the reach of Tevatron Main Injector era experiments. Finally, we comment on how the reach via the neutralino pair channel is altered when the radiative electroweak symmetry breaking constraint is relaxed.

hep-ph