Michal Natorski | Searcharxiv

arXiv2025

Multilateralism in the Global Governance of Artificial Intelligence

This chapter inquires how international multilateralism addresses the emergence of the general-purpose technology of Artificial Intelligence. In more detail, it analyses two key features of AI multilateralism: its generalized principles and the coordination of state relations in the realm of AI. Firstly, it distinguishes the generalized principles of AI multilateralism of epochal change, determinism, and dialectical understanding. In the second place, the adaptation of multilateralism to AI led to the integration of AI issues into the agendas of existing cooperation frameworks and the creation of new ad hoc frameworks focusing exclusively on AI issues. In both cases, AI multilateralism develops in the shadow of the state hierarchy in relations with other AI stakeholders. While AI multilateralism is multi-stakeholder, and the hierarchy between state and non-state actors may seem blurred, states preserve the competence as decisive decision-makers in agenda-setting, negotiation, and implementation of soft law international commitments.

cs.CY↗

arXiv2023

Compromise in Multilateral Negotiations and the Global Regulation of Artificial Intelligence

As artificial intelligence (AI) technologies spread worldwide, international discussions have increasingly focused on their consequences for democracy, human rights, fundamental freedoms, security, and economic and social development. In this context, UNESCO's Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence, adopted in November 2021, has emerged as the first global normative framework for AI development and deployment. The intense negotiations of every detail of the document brought forth numerous controversies among UNESCO member states. Drawing on a unique set of primary sources, including written positions and recorded deliberations, this paper explains the achievement of global compromise on AI regulation despite the multiplicity of UNESCO member-state positions representing a variety of liberal and sovereignist preferences. Building upon Boltanski's pragmatic sociology, it conceptualises the practice of multilateral negotiations and attributes the multilateral compromise to two embedded therein mechanisms: Structural normative hybridity and situated normative ambiguity allowed to accomplish a compromise by linking macro-normative structures with situated debates of multilateral negotiations.

cs.CY↗