arXiv subjects

Mikołaj Piórczyński

Publications and source records attributed to Mikołaj Piórczyński.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

On the Limits of Representation-Based Test-Time Adaptation for Multimodal LLMs

Vision-language models suffer significant accuracy drops under common corruptions. While test-time adaptation (TTA) successfully mitigates these shifts in CLIP-like contrastive models, its application to generative multimodal large language models (MLLMs) remains underexplored and uniquely challenging due to their sequential token generation. In this work, we demonstrate that representation-based TTA fails to recover performance in MLLMs. Our experiments reveal that even when violating standard TTA assumptions by leveraging target data offline, sample-blind feature alignment recovers only marginal accuracy. We attribute this failure to the nature of corruption shifts: unlike CLIP-like architectures, which benefit from a shared domain-shift direction within a single pooled classification embedding, MLLM visual token sequence shifts are nearly orthogonal and span the full embedding space.These findings bound what any sample-blind, position-shared correction at a single encoder site can achieve, establishing that representation-space interventions alone might be insufficient to ensure corruption robustness in MLLMs.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2026

Universal Properties of Activation Sparsity in Modern Large Language Models

Activation sparsity is an intriguing property of deep neural networks that has been extensively studied in ReLU-based models, due to its advantages for efficiency, robustness, and interpretability. However, methods relying on exact zero activations do not directly apply to modern Large Language Models (LLMs), leading to fragmented, model-specific strategies for LLM activation sparsity and a gap in its general understanding. In this work, we introduce a general framework for evaluating sparsity robustness in contemporary LLMs and conduct a systematic investigation of this phenomenon in their feedforward~(FFN) layers. Our results uncover universal properties of activation sparsity across diverse model families and scales. Importantly, we observe that the potential for effective activation sparsity grows with model size, highlighting its increasing relevance as models scale. Furthermore, we present the first study of activation sparsity in diffusion-based LLMs. Overall, our work provides a comprehensive perspective and practical guidance for harnessing activation sparsity in LLM design and acceleration.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2024

Exploiting Activation Sparsity with Dense to Dynamic-k Mixture-of-Experts Conversion

Transformer models can face practical limitations due to their high computational requirements. At the same time, such models exhibit significant activation sparsity, which can be leveraged to reduce the inference cost by converting parts of the network into equivalent Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) layers. Despite the crucial role played by activation sparsity, its impact on this process remains unexplored. We demonstrate that the efficiency of the conversion can be significantly enhanced by a proper regularization of the activation sparsity of the base model. Moreover, motivated by the high variance of the number of activated neurons for different inputs, we introduce a more effective dynamic-$k$ expert selection rule that adjusts the number of executed experts on a per-token basis. To achieve further savings, we extend this approach to multi-head attention projections. Finally, we develop an efficient implementation that translates these computational savings into actual wall-clock speedup. The proposed method, Dense to Dynamic-$k$ Mixture-of-Experts (D2DMoE), outperforms existing approaches on common NLP and vision tasks, reducing inference cost by up to 60% without significantly impacting performance.

cs.LG↗