arXiv subjects

Ming Lian

Publications and source records attributed to Ming Lian.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Universal scaling between magnetar field and initial spin period for short gamma ray bursts

The $B_p$--$P_0$ correlation serves as a critical probe of magnetar engine physics. Although this scaling relation has been firmly established for long gamma-ray bursts (lGRBs), systematic investigations for short GRBs (sGRBs) remain absent, leaving the physical differences between the two populations poorly constrained. Here we analyze 33 Swift sGRBs exhibiting prominent X-ray plateaus from newborn millisecond magnetar spin-down, and derive their initial spin period $P_0$ and polar magnetic field $B_p$. sGRB magnetars span $P_0 \in [1.73,\,18.28]\ \mathrm{ms}$ and $B_p \in [0.06,\,2.82] \times 10^{17}\ \mathrm{G}$ ($\langle B_p \rangle = 7.05 \times 10^{16}\ \mathrm{G}$), significantly more magnetized than lGRB magnetars ($B_p \in [0.39,\,23.08] \times 10^{15}\ \mathrm{G}$; $\langle B_p \rangle = 3.69 \times 10^{15}\ \mathrm{G}$). For the first time, we derive consistent power-law $B_p$--$P_0$ correlations for GRBs : the scaling for sGRBs is $\log B_p = (0.84\pm0.07)\log P_0 + (15.79\pm0.07)$, whose slope is highly consistent with that of lGRBs, $\log B_p = (0.83\pm0.09)\log P_0 + (14.92\pm0.06)$. The near-identical slopes imply a universal magnetar spin-down mechanism, while the vertical offset between intercepts traces divergent progenitor channels. This scaling relation thus offers a new diagnostic to disentangle the formation pathways of GRB. Within the framework of the standard spin-up model, the mass accretion rates of sGRBs ($\dot{M} \sim 1 \times 10^{-1}$ to $3 \times 10^{-1}\,M_\odot\,\mathrm{s}^{-1}$) are substantially higher than those of lGRBs ($\dot{M} \sim 10^{-4}$ to $1 \times 10^{-1}\,M_\odot\,\mathrm{s}^{-1}$). Our work completes the missing $B_p$--$P_0$ statistics for sGRBs, quantitatively unifies their magnetar physics with lGRBs, and provides new observational constraints on the origin diversity of relativistic transients.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2026

An Information-Theoretic Metric for Transient Classification and Novelty Detection

The development of the observing strategy for the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) requires a broad optimization across science cases inside and outside of time-domain astronomy. We introduce a novel metric for transient science with LSST based on information-theoretic cross-entropy. We demonstrate its utility for distinguishing populations of objects and discuss applications for observing strategy / detection pipeline optimization as well as novelty detection and follow-up resource allocation.

astro-ph.IM↗

arXiv2026

Algebraic and Topological Study of Bell States and Quantum Teleportation

Bell states and quantum teleportation play crucial roles in quantum information and computation. However, a comprehensive theoretical study of both topics remains to be carried out. This work aims to investigate key algebraic properties of generalized Bell states and explore the topological features of quantum teleportation. First, the basis theorem and the basis group are introduced to show that the extension of a generalized Bell basis by a unitary matrix still forms an orthonormal basis. Then, a twist operator is defined to establish a connection between a generalized multi-qubit Bell state and a tensor product of two-qubit Bell states. In addition, the Temperley--Lieb algebra, the braid group relations, and the Yang--Baxter equation are employed to provide a topological description of generalized Bell states and quantum teleportation. The results demonstrate that our approach not only offers a clear illustration of relevant quantum information protocols but also reveals the topological nature of quantum entanglement and teleportation.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2025

CY Aquarii: A Triple System with Twin Companions

In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the SX Phoenicis (SX Phe) type star CY Aquarii (CY Aqr). Our investigation included a detailed $O-C$ analysis based on a 90-year observational dataset, augmented by 1,367 newly determined times of maximum light. The $O-C$ diagram reveals that (i) the primary star of CY Aqr exhibits a linear period variation rate of $(1/P_0)(\mathrm{d} P/ \mathrm{d} t) = (2.132 \pm 0.002) \times 10^{-8} \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$ for its dominant pulsation mode; (ii) the primary star is disturbed by two companions and part of a triple system; (iii) Companion A has an orbital period of approximately 60.2 years and Companion B has an orbital period of approximately 50.8 years. It is highly probable that both Companion A and B are white dwarfs, with Companion A's elliptical orbit displaying an eccentricity of $e = 0.139 \pm 0.002$, which is the lowest confirmed value in similar binary and triple systems to date. Most notably, Companion A and B have masses that are identical within the uncertainties, with a mass ratio exceeding 0.99. Whether this is considered a coincidental event or the result of an underlying mechanism, CY Aqr is an exceptionally rare case that broadens our understanding of multiple star systems and offers a unique opportunity to delve into the enigmatic evolutionary histories of such configurations. Further intriguing characteristics of this system warrant investigation in future studies, based on additional observational data.

astro-ph.SR↗

arXiv2024

A self-aligning recirculated crossed optical dipole trap for lithium atoms

Crossed optical dipole traps (ODTs) provide three-dimensional confinement of cold atoms and other optically trappable particles. However, the need to maintain the intersection of the two trapping beams poses strict requirements on alignment stability, and limits the ability to move the trap. Here we demonstrate a novel crossed ODT design that features inherent stability of the beam crossing, allowing the trap to move and remain aligned. The trap consists of a single high-power laser beam, imaged back onto itself at an angle to form a crossed trap. Self-aligning behavior results from employing an imaging system with positive magnification tuned precisely to unity. We employ laser-cooled samples of $^6$Li atoms to demonstrate that the trap remains well-aligned over a 4.3 mm travel range along an axis approximately perpendicular to the plane containing the crossed beams. Our scheme can be applied to bring an atomic cloud held in a crossed ODT close to a surface or field source for various applications in quantum simulation, sensing, and information processing.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2023

The recursive structure of Baikov representations II: the top-down reduction with intersection theory

Following our previous study of the recursive structure of Baikov representations, we discuss its application in the integration-by-parts reduction of Feynman integrals. We combine the top-down reduction approach with the recursive structure, which can greatly simplify the calculation for each sector in many cases. We introduce a new concept called the top-sector ISP reduction, which generalizes the maximal-cut reduction by retaining the sub-sector information. After subtracting the top-sector components, we provide a general method to transform the remaining integrand explicitly to sub-sectors, such that the reduction procedure can be carried out recursively. In this work, we use the intersection theory to demonstrate our method, although it can be applied to any implementation of the integration-by-parts reduction.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2022

Toward automated detection of light echoes in synoptic surveys: considerations on the application of the Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

Light Echoes (LEs) are the reflections of astrophysical transients off of interstellar dust. They are fascinating astronomical phenomena that enable studies of the scattering dust as well as of the original transients. LEs, however, are rare and extremely difficult to detect as they appear as faint, diffuse, time-evolving features. The detection of LEs still largely relies on human inspection of images, a method unfeasible in the era of large synoptic surveys. The Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time, LSST, will generate an unprecedented amount of astronomical imaging data at high spatial resolution, exquisite image quality, and over tens of thousands of square degrees of sky: an ideal survey for LEs. However, the Rubin data processing pipelines are optimized for the detection of point-sources and will entirely miss LEs. Over the past several years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) object detection frameworks have achieved and surpassed real-time, human-level performance. In this work, we prepare a dataset from the ATLAS telescope and test a popular AI object detection framework, You Only Look Once, or YOLO, developed in the computer vision community, to demonstrate the potential of AI in the detection of LEs in astronomical images. We find that an AI framework can reach human-level performance even with a size- and quality-limited dataset. We explore and highlight challenges, including class imbalance and label incompleteness, and roadmap the work required to build an end-to-end pipeline for the automated detection and study of LEs in high-throughput astronomical surveys.

astro-ph.IM↗