arXiv subjects

Minjae Jo

Publications and source records attributed to Minjae Jo.

10 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

WSPolypNet: Weakly Supervised Polyp Localization in Colonoscopy Videos

Because dense frame-level annotation of colonoscopy videos is costly, we propose WSPolypNet, a weakly supervised framework for polyp localization using only video-level labels. WSPolypNet employs a 3D convolutional neural network trained with video-level supervision to generate class activation maps (CAMs), which identify candidate polyp regions without requiring frame-level spatial annotations. The CAM-derived localization cues are further enhanced using a multi-view strategy and provided to MedSAM2 as point prompts. MedSAM2 then propagates segmentation masks across the video, refining the coarse localization cues according to polyp boundaries. WSPolypNet achieved CorLoc scores of 47.80%, 43.68%, and 35.01% at IoU thresholds of 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7, respectively, compared with 36.87%, 33.72%, and 27.94% in the single-view setting. For small polyps, the multi-view strategy improved CorLoc@0.5 from 16.01% to 30.97%. The framework also achieved a recall of 94.51%. These results demonstrate the potential of weakly supervised spatiotemporal learning to substantially reduce spatial annotation requirements for polyp localization in colonoscopy videos.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2022

Divide-and-conquer embedding for QUBO quantum annealing

Quantum annealing promises to be an effective heuristic for complex NP-hard problems. However, clear demonstrations of quantum advantage are wanting, primarily constrained by the difficulty of embedding the problem into the quantum hardware. Community detection methods such as the Girvin--Newman algorithm can provide a divide-and-conquer approach to large problems. Here, we propose a problem-focused division for embedding, deliberately worsening typical measures of embedding quality to improve the partial solutions we obtain. We apply this approach first to the highly irregular graph of an integer factorisation problem and, passing this initial test, move on to consider more regular geometrically frustrated systems. Our results show that a problem-focused approach to embedding can improve performance by orders of magnitude.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2022

Simulating open quantum many-body systems using optimised circuits in digital quantum simulation

Digital quantum computers are potentially an ideal platform for simulating open quantum many-body systems beyond the digital classical computers. Many studies have focused on obtaining the ground state by simulating time dynamics or variational approaches of closed quantum systems. However, dynamics of open quantum systems has not been given much attention with a reason being their non-unitary dynamics not natural to simulate on a set of unitary gate operations in quantum computing. Here we study prototypical models in open quantum systems with Trotterisations for the modified stochastic Schr{ö}dinger equation (MSSE). Minimising the leading error in MSSE enables to optimise the quantum circuits, and we run the optimised circuits with the noiseless \textit{quantum assembly language (QASM) simulator} and the noisy IBM Quantum devices. The \textit{QASM simulator} enables to study the reachable system size that is comparable to the limits of classical computers. The results show that the nonequilibrium critical phenomena in open quantum systems are successfully obtained with high precision. Furthermore, we run the algorithm on the IBM Quantum devices, showing that the current machine is challenging, to give quantitatively accurate time dynamics due to the noise. Despite errors, the results by IBM devices qualitatively follow the trend of critical behaviour and include a possibility to demonstrate quantum advantage when the noise is reduced. We discuss how much noise should be reduced for a certain fidelity using the noise model, which will be crucial to demonstrate quantum advantage from future quantum devices.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2022

Resolving mean-field solutions of dissipative phase transitions using permutational symmetry

Phase transitions in dissipative quantum systems have been investigated using various analytical approaches, particularly in the mean-field (MF) limit. However, analytical results often depend on specific methodologies. For instance, Keldysh formalism shows that the dissipative transverse Ising (DTI) model exhibits a discontinuous transition at the upper critical dimension, $d_c= 3$, whereas the fluctuationless MF approach predicts a continuous transition in infinite dimensions ($d_\infty$). These two solutions cannot be reconciled because the MF solutions above $d_c$ should be identical. This necessitates a numerical verification. However, numerical studies on large systems may not be feasible because of the exponential increase in computational complexity as $\mathcal{O}(2^{2N})$ with system size $N$. Here, we note that because spins can be regarded as being fully connected at $d_\infty$, the spin indices can be permutation invariant, and the number of quantum states can be considerably contracted with the computational complexity $\mathcal{O}(N^3)$. The Lindblad equation is transformed into a dynamic equation based on the contracted states. Applying the Runge--Kutta algorithm to the dynamic equation, we obtain all the critical exponents, including the dynamic exponent $z\approx 0.5$. Moreover, since the DTI model has $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry, the hyperscaling relation has the form $2β+γ=ν(d+z)$, we obtain the relation $d_c+z=4$ in the MF limit. Hence, $d_c\approx 3.5$; thus, the discontinuous transition at $d=3$ cannot be treated as an MF solution. We conclude that the permutation invariance at $d_\infty$ can be used effectively to check the validity of an analytic MF solution in quantum phase transitions.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗

arXiv2021

Link overlap influences opinion dynamics on multiplex networks: spin model approach

Consider a multiplex network formed by two layers indicating social interactions: the first layer is a friendship network and the second layer is a network of business relations. In this duplex network each pair of individuals can be connected in different ways: they can be connected by a friendship but not connected by a business relation, they can be connected by a business relation without being friends, or they can be simultaneously friends and in a business relation. In the latter case we say that the links in different layers overlap. These three types of connections are called multilinks and the multidegree indicates the sum of multilinks of a given type that are incident to a given node. Previous models of opinion formation on multilayer networks have mostly neglected the effect of link overlap. Here we show that link overlap can have important effects in opinion formation. Indeed, emerging pattern of opinion formation can be significantly influenced by the statistical properties of multilinks, and in particular by the multidegree distribution. To quantitatively address this problem, we study a simple spin model, called the Ashkin-Teller model including 2-body and 4-body interactions between nodes in different layers. Here we fully investigate the rich phase diagram of this model which includes a large variety of phase transitions (PTs). Indeed the phase digram or the model displays continuous, discontinuous, successive discontinuous, and hybrid PTs.

physics.soc-ph↗

arXiv2021

Absorbing phase transition with a continuously varying exponent in a quantum contact process: a neural network approach

Phase transitions in dissipative quantum systems are intriguing because they are induced by the interplay between coherent quantum and incoherent classical fluctuations. Here, we investigate the crossover from a quantum to a classical absorbing phase transition arising in the quantum contact process (QCP). The Lindblad equation contains two parameters, $ω$ and $κ$, which adjust the contributions of the quantum and classical effects, respectively. We find that in one dimension when the QCP starts from a homogeneous state with all active sites, there exists a critical line in the region $0 \le κ< κ_*$ along which the exponent $α$ (which is associated with the density of active sites) decreases continuously from a quantum to the classical directed percolation (DP) value. This behavior suggests that the quantum coherent effect remains to some extent near $κ=0$. However, when the QCP in one dimension starts from a heterogeneous state with all inactive sites except for one active site, all the critical exponents have the classical DP values for $κ\ge 0$. In two dimensions, anomalous crossover behavior does not occur, and classical DP behavior appears in the entire region of $κ\ge 0$ regardless of the initial configuration. Neural network machine learning is used to identify the critical line and determine the correlation length exponent. Numerical simulations using the quantum jump Monte Carlo technique and tensor network method are performed to determine all the other critical exponents of the QCP.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗

arXiv2020

Tricritical directed percolation with long-range interaction in one and two dimensions

Recently, the quantum contact process, in which branching and coagulation processes occur both coherently and incoherently, was theoretically and experimentally investigated in driven open quantum spin systems. In the semi-classical approach, the quantum coherence effect was regarded as a process in which two consecutive atoms are involved in the excitation of a neighboring atom from the inactive (ground) state to the active state (excited $s$ state). In this case, both second-order and first-order transitions occur. Therefore, a tricritical point exists at which the transition belongs to the tricritical directed percolation (TDP) class. On the other hand, when an atom is excited to the $d$ state, long-range interaction is induced. Here, to account for this long-range interaction, we extend the TDP model to one with long-range interaction in the form of $\sim 1/r^{d+σ}$ (denoted as LTDP), where $r$ is the separation, $d$ is the spatial dimension, and $σ$ is a control parameter. In particular, we investigate the properties of the LTDP class below the upper critical dimension $d_c=$ min$(3,\,1.5σ)$. We numerically obtain a set of critical exponents in the LTDP class and determine the interval of $σ$ for the LTDP class. Finally, we construct a diagram of universality classes in the space ($d$, $σ$).

cond-mat.stat-mech↗

arXiv2019

Simplicial SIS model in scale-free uniform hypergraph

The hypergraph offers a platform to study structural properties emerging from more complicated and higher-order than pairwise interactions among constituents and dynamical behavior such as the spread of information or disease. Recently, a simplicial contagion problem was introduced and considered using a simplicial susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) model. Although recent studies have investigated random hypergraphs with a Poisson-type facet degree distribution, hypergraphs in the real world can have a power-law type of facet degree distribution. Here, we consider the SIS contagion problem on scale-free uniform hypergraphs and find that a continuous or hybrid epidemic transition occurs when the hub effect is dominant or weak, respectively. We determine the critical exponents analytically and numerically. We discuss the underlying mechanism of the hybrid epidemic transition.

physics.soc-ph↗

arXiv2019

Nonequilibrium phase transition in an open quantum spin system with long-range interaction

We investigate a nonequilibrium phase transition in a dissipative and coherent quantum spin system using the quantum Langevin equation and mean-field theory. Recently, the quantum contact process (QCP) was theoretically investigated using the Rydberg antiblockade effect, in particular, when the Rydberg atoms were excited in s-states so that their interactions were regarded as being between the nearest neighbors. However, when the atoms are excited to d-states, the dipole-dipole interactions become effective, and long-range interactions must be considered. Here, we consider a quantum spin model with a long-range QCP, where the branching and coagulation processes are allowed not only for the nearest-neighbor pairs, but also for long-distance pairs, coherently and incoherently. Using the semiclassical approach, we show that the mean-field phase diagram of our long-range model is similar to that of the nearest-neighbor QCP, where the continuous (discontinuous) transition is found in the weak (strong) quantum regime. However, at the tricritical point, we find a new universality class, which was neither that of the QCP at the tricritical point nor that of the classical directed percolation model with long-range interactions. Implementation of the long-range QCP using interacting cold gases is discussed.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗

arXiv2016

Critical behavior of $k$-core percolation: Numerical studies

$k$-Core percolation has served as a paradigmatic model of discontinuous percolation for a long time. Recently it was revealed that the order parameter of $k$-core percolation of random networks additionally exhibits critical behavior. Thus $k$-core percolation exhibits a hybrid phase transition. Unlike the critical behaviors of ordinary percolation that are well understood, those of hybrid percolation transitions have not been thoroughly understood yet. Here, we investigate the critical behavior of $k$-core percolation of Erdős-Rényi networks. We find numerically that the fluctuations of the order parameter and the mean avalanche size diverge in different ways. Thus, we classify the critical exponents into two types: those associated with the order parameter and those with finite avalanches. The conventional scaling relations hold within each set, however, these two critical exponents are coupled. Finally we discuss some universal features of the critical behaviors of $k$-core percolation and the cascade failure model on multiplex networks.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗