arXiv subjects

Mohamed Helal

Publications and source records attributed to Mohamed Helal.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Purcell enhanced and blinking free single photons from InAs/GaAs quantum dots in deterministically placed circular Bragg gratings

The development of efficient, deterministic, and tunable single-photon sources is a cornerstone for the realization of long-distance quantum communication, quantum repeaters, and photonic quantum computing technologies. In this study, we demonstrate a bright, charge-tunable single-photon source in the 900 nm wavelength range based on InAs quantum dots (QDs) embedded in a p-i-n doped GaAs membrane, which shows blinking free emission. We use a modified circular Bragg grating (CBG) as a micro-resonator. By adding fourfold symmetric bridges in a labyrinth-like geometry, we provide a conductive pathway to the central disk, thereby enabling electrical contact to the QD while maintaining high Purcell enhancement and photon extraction efficiency (PEE). For the negative trion (X-), we demonstrate a lifetime of $44.3 \pm 0.2$ ps - corresponding to a Purcell factor of $18.0 \pm 0.7$ and a PEE of $68.1% \pm 3.1$ %. Furthermore, the device is blinking-free with very low multi-photon contribution, evidenced by a second-order autocorrelation value $g(2)(0) < 0.017 \pm 0.015$. By applying a vertical diode bias, we demonstrate precise charge-state control, resolving distinct emission plateaus ranging from the single negatively charged trion ($X^-$) to triply negatively charged excitons ($X^{3-}$). These results showcase a robust architecture that simultaneously provides high efficiency, high repetition rates, and deterministic charge control, fulfilling key requirements for the next generation of quantum network hardware.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2026

Photonic Cluster State Generation from a Quantum Dot Emitting in the Telecom C-band

Photonic cluster states are a key resource for photonic quantum information processing. So far, deterministic generation of these states has been limited to the near-infrared wavelength range. To achieve quantum advantage in communication while maintaining compatibility with silicon photonics, operation in the telecom wavelength range is required. In this work, we demonstrate deterministic cluster state generation directly in the telecom C-band. This is achieved through repetitive excitation of a hole spin confined in an indium-arsenide quantum dot subjected to an external magnetic field. We characterize the quantum process that generates the cluster state by measuring its process map, obtaining a fidelity of $\mathrm{F} = 0.71 \pm 0.01$ to the ideal case. As part of this characterization, we observe spin--photon polarization entanglement with a negativity of $\mathrm{N} = 0.27 \pm 0.02$. The emitted photons exhibit indistinguishability of at least 83%, demonstrating the potential for future fusion gates necessary for photonic cluster state generation beyond linear connectivity.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2025

A Spin-Photon Interface in the Telecom C-Band with Long Hole Spin Dephasing Time

Matter qubits that maintain coherence over extended timescales are essential for many pursued applications in quantum communication and quantum computing. Significant progress has already been made on extending coherence times of spins in semiconductor quantum dots while interfacing them with photons in the near-infrared wavelength range. However, similar results for quantum dots emitting at the telecom range, crucial for many applications, have so far lagged behind. Here, we report on InAs/InAlGaAs quantum dots integrated in a deterministically placed circular Bragg grating emitting at $1.55\,\mu\mathrm{m}$. We quantify the g-factors of electrons and holes from polarization-resolved measurements of a positive trion in an in-plane magnetic field and study the dynamics of the ground-state hole spin qubit. We then herald the hole spin in a pulsed two-photon correlation measurement and determine its inhomogeneous dephasing time to $T_{2}^{*}=(15.9 \pm 1.7)$ ns.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2025

Deterministic Quantum Dot Cavity Placement Using Hyperspectral Imaging with High Spatial Accuracy and Precision

Single emitters in solid state are great sources of single and entangled photons. To boost their extraction efficiency and tailor their emission properties, they are often incorporated in photonic nanostructures. However, achieving accurate and reproducible placement inside the cavity is challenging but necessary to ensure the highest mode overlap and optimal device performance. For many cavity types -- such as photonic crystal cavities or circular Bragg grating cavities -- even small displacements lead to a significantly reduced emitter-cavity coupling. For circular Bragg grating cavities, this yields a significant reduction in Purcell effect, a slight reduction in efficiency and it introduces polarization on the emitted photons. Here we show a method to achieve high accuracy and precision for deterministically placed cavities on the example of circular Bragg gratings on randomly distributed semiconductor quantum dots. We introduce periodic alignment markers for improved marker detection accuracy and investigate overall imaging accuracy achieving $(9.1 \pm 2.5) nm$ through image correction. Since circular Bragg grating cavities exhibit a strong polarization response when the emitter is displaced, they are ideal devices to probe the cavity placement accuracy far below the diffraction limit. From the measured device polarizations, we derive a total spatial process accuracy of $(33.5 \pm 9.9) nm$ based on the raw data, and an accuracy of $(15 \pm 11) nm$ after correcting for the system response, resulting in a device yield of $68 \%$ for well-placed cavities.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2025

Initialization of Neutral and Charged Exciton Spin States in a Telecom-Emitting Quantum Dot

Photonic cluster states are highly entangled states that allow for photonic quantum computing and memory-less quantum repeaters. Their generation has been recently demonstrated using semiconductor quantum dots emitting at the 900 nm wavelength range. However, a similar demonstration at the communication-optimal telecom range has remained elusive. A key ingredient that is still missing is an appropriate optical excitation method. A central requirement of such a method is to allow an arbitrary spin initialization of quantum dot excitonic complexes. In this work, we report on developing such a method based on a quasi-resonant p-shell excitation for a telecom-C-band-emitting quantum dot. We show qubit writing of a neutral exciton and spin-preserving excitation of a negative trion. Using the Larmor precession of the negative trion under an externally applied magnetic field, we determine the in-plane g-factors of both the electron and the hole in the investigated quantum dot. In addition, we measure a lower bound on the hole coherence time, $T_{2}^{*}>6.4$ ns, boosting its candidacy as a sound photon entangler for more advanced quantum photonic schemes.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2023

Polarized and Un-Polarized Emission from a Single Emitter in a Bullseye Resonator

We present polarized |S|=0.99$\pm$0.01, and unpolarized |S|=0.03$\pm$0.01 emission from a single emitter embedded in a single, cylindrically symmetric device design. We show that the polarization stems from a position offset of the single emitter with respect to the cavity center, which breaks the cylindrical symmetry, and a position-dependent coupling to the frequency degenerate eigenmodes of the resonator structure. The experimental results are interpreted by using numerical simulations and by experimental mapping of the polarization-resolved far-field emission patterns. Our findings can be generalized to any nanophotonic structure where two orthogonal eigenmodes are not fully spatially overlapping.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2022

Soft-clamped silicon nitride string resonators at millikelvin temperatures

We demonstrate that soft-clamped silicon nitride strings with large aspect ratio can be operated at \si{\milli\kelvin} temperatures. The quality factors ($Q$) of two measured devices show consistent dependency on the cryostat temperature, with soft-clamped mechanical modes reaching $Q > 10^9$ at $46~\mathrm{mK}$. For low optical readout power, $Q$ is found to saturate, indicating good thermalization between the sample and the stage it is mounted on. Our best device exhibits a force sensitivity of $9.6~\mathrm{zN}/\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ and a thermal decoherence time of $0.38~\mathrm{s}$ which bode well for future applications such as nanomechanical force sensing and beyond.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2013

Alzheimer's disease: analysis of a mathematical model incorporating the role of prions

We introduce a mathematical model of the in vivo progression of Alzheimer's disease with focus on the role of prions in memory impairment. Our model consists of differential equations that describe the dynamic formation of β-amyloid plaques based on the concentrations of Aβ oligomers, PrPC proteins, and the Aβ-x-PrPC complex, which are hypothesized to be responsible for synaptic toxicity. We prove the well-posedness of the model and provided stability results for its unique equilibrium, when the polymerization rate of β-amyloid is constant and also when it is described by a power law.

math.CA↗