Permittivity Characterization of 3D-Printed Materials at Millimeter Waves
In this study, we characterize the permittivity of various commercially available materials commonly used in 3D printing over the millimeter-wave frequency range of 70-110 GHz. The open-waveguide extraction method is employed to efficiently determine the permittivity of these 3D-printed materials, and key strategies for improving its accuracy are discussed. This methodology can be readily applied to the characterization of similar materials and extended to higher frequency ranges. The resulting permittivity data are expected to support advances in 6G and beyond wireless communication technologies, in which 3D-printed materials and millimeter-wave frequencies are anticipated to play an increasingly important role in the development of novel antennas and metasurfaces.