Unified Cosmological Scenario in Holographic $f(Q)$ gravity: From Inflation to Late-Time Acceleration
The present paper reports a study of a unified cosmological scenario in the framework of holographic f(Q) gravity, where, in a single theoretical setup, both the early inflationary epoch and the late-time accelerated epoch are studied. Considering f(Q) = $\zeta Q^n$, we reconstruct the Hubble parameter in the presence of Barrow holographic fluid and study the inflationary behaviour through the slow-roll parameters, scalar spectral index $n_s$, and tensor-to-scalar ratio r. The obtained inflationary predictions are found to be consistent with the latest Planck 2018 observational constraints, with a very small value of the tensor-to-scalar ratio. In the next phase, we extend the study by including the matter sector. The Chevallier-Polarski-Linder (CPL) parametrization is used to connect the theoretical model with observational cosmology. Using combined Cosmic Chronometer (CC) and Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) datasets, the study constrains the model parameters through Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) analysis. From the observational results obtained this way, the study concludes that at low redshifts, the holographic f(Q) model considered here remains compatible with the standard LambdaCDM model, while mild deviations are observed at higher redshift. We have also performed the AIC and BIC analysis and commented on the goodness of fit in comparison with the LambdaCDM model. Hence, the present framework provides a viable unified description of inflation and late-time cosmic acceleration within holographic f(Q) gravity.