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Myriam Mondragon

Publications and source records attributed to Myriam Mondragon.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

Reduction of couplings and its application in particle physics, Finite theories, Higgs and top mass predictions

In this report we tell the story of the notion "reduction of couplings" as we witnessed it in the course of time. Born as an innocent child of renormalization theory it first served the study of asymptotic behavior of several couplings in a given model. Reduced couplings appeared as functions of a primary one, compatible with the renormalization group equation and thus solutions of a specific set of ordinary differential equations. If these functions have the form of power series the respective theories resemble standard renormalizable ones and thus widen considerably the area covered until then by symmetries as a tool for constraining the number of couplings consistently. Still on the more abstract level reducing couplings enabled one to construct theories with beta-functions vanishing to all orders of perturbation theory. Reduction of couplings became physicswise truely interesting and phenomenologically important when applied to the standard model and its possible extensions. In particular in the context of supersymmetric theories it became the most powerful tool known today once it was learned how to apply it also to couplings having dimension of mass and to mass parameters. Technically this all relies on the basic property that reducing couplings is a renormalization scheme independent procedure. Predictions of top and Higgs mass prior to their experimental finding highlight the fundamental physical significance of this notion. Twenty-two original articles and one set of lectures are being commented, put into historical perspective and interrelated with each other.

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Finite Unified Theories and the Higgs boson

All-loop Finite Unified Theories (FUTs) are very interesting N = 1 supersymmetric Grand Unified Theories (GUTs) realising an old field theory dream, and moreover have a remarkable predictive power due to the required reduction of couplings. Based on this theoretical framework phenomenologically consistent FUTs have been constructed. Here we review two FUT models based on the SU(5) gauge group, which can be seen as special, restricted and thus very predictive versions of the MSSM. We show that from the requirement of correct prediction of quark masses and other experimental constraints a light Higgs-boson mass in the range M_h ~ 121 - 126 GeV is predicted, in striking agreement with recent experimental results from ATLAS and CMS. The model furthermore naturally predicts a relatively heavy spectrum with colored supersymmetric particles above ~ 1.5 TeV in agreement with the non-observation of those particles at the LHC.

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Finite Unification: Theory and Predictions

All-loop Finite Unified Theories (FUTs) are very interesting N=1 supersymmetric Grand Unified Theories (GUTs) which not only realise an old field theoretic dream but also have a remarkable predictive power due to the required reduction of couplings. The reduction of the dimensionless couplings in N=1 GUTs is achieved by searching for renormalization group invariant (RGI) relations among them holding beyond the unification scale. Finiteness results from the fact that there exist RGI relations among dimensionless couplings that guarantee the vanishing of all beta-functions in certain N=1 GUTs even to all orders. Furthermore developments in the soft supersymmetry breaking sector of N=1 GUTs and FUTs lead to exact RGI relations, i.e. reduction of couplings, in this dimensionful sector of the theory too. Based on the above theoretical framework phenomenologically consistent FUTS have been constructed. Here we present FUT models based on the SU(5) and SU(3)^3 gauge groups and their predictions. Of particular interest is the Higgs mass prediction of one of the models which is expected to be tested at the LHC.

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Constraining the mSUGRA parameter space using the entropy of dark matter halos

We derive an expression for the entropy of a dark matter halo described by a Navarro-Frenk-White model with a core. The comparison of this entropy with the one of dark matter at the freeze-out era allows us to constraint the parameter space in mSUGRA models. Moreover, joining these constraints with the ones obtained from the usual abundance criteria and demanding both criteria to be consistent with the 2$σ$ bounds for the abundance of dark matter: $0.112\leqΩ_{DM}h^2\leq0.122$, we are able to clearly discriminate validity regions among the values of $\tan β$, one of the parameters of the mSUGRA model. We found that for the explored regions of the parameter space, small values of tan$β$ are not favored; only for tan$β\simeq50$ are both criteria significantly consistent. In the region where both criteria are consistent we also found a lower bound for the neutralino mass, $m_χ\geq 141$ GeV.

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Unified Gauge Theories and Reduction of Couplings: from Finiteness to Fuzzy Extra Dimensions

Finite Unified Theories (FUTs) are N=1 supersymmetric Grand Unified Theories, which can be made all-loop finite, both in the dimensionless (gauge and Yukawa couplings) and dimensionful (soft supersymmetry breaking terms) sectors. This remarkable property, based on the reduction of couplings at the quantum level, provides a drastic reduction in the number of free parameters, which in turn leads to an accurate prediction of the top quark mass in the dimensionless sector, and predictions for the Higgs boson mass and the supersymmetric spectrum in the dimensionful sector. Here we examine the predictions of two such FUTs. Next we consider gauge theories defined in higher dimensions, where the extra dimensions form a fuzzy space (a finite matrix manifold). We reinterpret these gauge theories as four-dimensional theories with Kaluza-Klein modes. We then perform a generalized a la Forgacs-Manton dimensional reduction. We emphasize some striking features emerging such as (i)the appearance of non-Abelian gauge theories in four dimensions starting from an Abelian gauge theory in higher dimensions, (ii) the fact that the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the theory takes place entirely in the extra dimensions and (iii) the renormalizability of the theory both in higher as well as in four dimensions. Then reversing the above approach we present a renormalizable four dimensional SU(N) gauge theory with a suitable multiplet of scalar fields, which via spontaneous symmetry breaking dynamically develops extra dimensions in the form of a fuzzy sphere $S^2_N$.

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Finite SU(N)^k Unification

We consider N=1 supersymmetric gauge theories based on the group SU(N)_1 x SU(N)_2 x ... x SU(N)_k with matter content (N,N*,1,...,1) + (1,N,N*,...,1) + >... + (N*,1,1,...,N) as candidates for the unification symmetry of all particles. In particular we examine to which extent such theories can become finite and we find that a necessary condition is that there should be exactly three families. We discuss further some phenomenological issues related to the cases (N,k) = (3,3), (3,4), and (4,3), in an attempt to choose those theories that can become also realistic. Thus we are naturally led to consider the SU(3)^3 model which we first promote to an all-loop finite theory and then we study its additional predictions concerning the top quark mass, Higgs mass and supersymmetric spectrum.

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Running of Soft Parameters in Extra Space-Time Dimensions

The evolution of the parameters including those in the soft supersymmetry-breaking (SSB) sector is studied in the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) with a certain set of Kaluza-Klein towers which has been recently considered by Dienes et al. We use the continuous Wilson renormalizaion group technique to derive the matching condition between the effective, renormalizable and original, unrenormalizable theories. We investigate whether the assumption on a large compactification radius in the model is consistent with the gauge coupling unification, the $b-τ$ unification and the radiative breaking of the electroweak gauge symmetry with the universal SSB terms. We calculate the superpartner spectrum under the assumption of the universal SSB parameters to find differences between the model and the MSSM.

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Unification Beyond GUTS--Top Mass Predictions

Unification of Gauge and Yukawa sectors of GUTs is obtained by searching for renormalization group invariant relations among the couplings of the both sectors which hold beyond the unification scale. This procedure singled out two supersymmetric GUTs, the finite and the minimal SU(5) models which, among others, were predicting successfully the top quark mass. The same procedure is currently extended in the soft supersymmetry-breaking sector of the theories, providing us with interesting, though preliminary, predictions on the Higgs and superpartner masses.

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Constraints on Finite Soft Supersymmetry-Breaking Terms

Requiring the soft supersymmetry-breaking (SSB) parameters in finite gauge-Yukawa unified models to be finite up to and including two-loop order, we derive a two-loop sum rule for the soft scalar-masses. It is shown that this sum rule coincides with that of a certain class of string models in which the massive string states are organized into N=4 supermultiplets. We investigate the SSB sector of two finite SU(5) models. Using the sum rule which allows the non-universality of the SSB terms and requiring that the lightest superparticle particleis neutral, we constrain the parameter space of the SSB sector in each model.

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Perturbative Unification of Soft Supersymmetry--Breaking Terms

Perturbative unification of soft supersymmetry--breaking (SSB) parameters is proposed in Gauge-Yukawa unified models. The method, which can be applied in any finite order in perturbation theory, consists in searching for renormalization group invariant relations among the SSB parameters, which are consistent with perturbative renormalizability. For the minimal Gauge-Yukawa unified model based on $SU(5)$ we find that the low energy SSB sector contains a single arbitrary parameter, the unified gaugino mass. Within a certain approximation we find that the model predicts a superpartner spectrum which is consistent with the experimental data.

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Testing Gauge-Yukawa-Unified Models By $M_t$

Gauge-Yukawa Unification (GYU) relates the gauge and Yukawa couplings, thereby going beyond the usual GUTs, and it is assumed that the GYU in the third fermion generation implies that its Yukawa couplings are of the same order as the unified gauge coupling at the GUT scale. We re-examine carefully the recent observation that the top-bottom mass hierarchy can be explained to a certain extent in supersymmetric GYU models. It is found that there are equiv-top-mass-lines in the boundary conditions of the Yukawa couplings so that two different GYU models on the same line can not be distinguished by the top mass $M_t$ alone. If they are on different lines, they could be distinguished by $M_t$ in principle, provided that the predicted $M_t$'s are well below the infrared value $M_t$ (IR). We find that the ratio $M_t ({\rm IR})/\sinβ$ depends on $\tanβ$ for large $\tanβ$ and the lowest value of $M_t ({\rm IR})$ is $\sim 188$ GeV. We focus our attention on the existing $SU(5)$ GYU models which are obtained by requiring finiteness and reduction of couplings. They, respectively, predict $M_t= (183+δ^{\rm MSSM} M_t\pm 5)$ GeV and $(181+δ^{\rm MSSM} M_t\pm 3)$ GeV, where $δ^{\rm MSSM} M_t$ stands for the MSSM threshold correction and is $\sim -2$ GeV for the case that all the MSSM superpartners have the same mass $M_{\rm SUSY}$ with $μ_H/M_{\rm SUSY} <<1$.

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Unification of Gauge and Yukawa Couplings without Symmetry

A natural gradual extension of the idea of Grand Unification is to attempt to relate the gauge and Yukawa couplings; Gauge-Yukawa Unification (GYU). However, within the framework of renormalizable field theories, there exists no realistic symmetry that leads to a GYU. Here we propose an approach to GYU which is based on the principle of the reduction of couplings and finiteness in supersymmetric Grand Unified Theories. We elucidate how the observed top-bottom mass hierarchy can be explained in terms of supersymmetric GYU by considering an example of the $SU(5)$ Finite Unified Theory. It is expected that, when more accurate measurements of the top and bottom quark masses are available, it will be possible to discriminate among the various GYU models.

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Top Quark Mass Predictions from Gauge-Yukawa Unification

Gauge-Yukawa Unification (GYU) is a renormalization group invariant functional relation among gauge and Yukawa couplings which holds beyond the unification point in Grand Unified Theories (GUTs). Here, GYU is obtained by requiring finiteness and reduction of couplings to all orders in perturbation theory. We examine the consequences of GYU in various supersymmetric GUTs and in particular the predictions for the top quark mass. These predictions are such that they distinguish already GYU from ordinary GUTs. Moreover, when more accurate measurements of the top quark mass are available, it is expected that it will be possible to discriminate among the various GYUs.

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Gauge-Yukawa Unification in $SO(10)$ SUSY GUTs

We study supersymmetric unified models with three fermion generations based on the gauge group $SO(10)$ and require Gauge-Yukawa Unification, i.e., a renormalization group invariant functional relationship among the gauge and Yukawa couplings of the third generation in the symmetric phase. In the case of the minimal model, we find that the predicted values for the top and bottom quark masses are in agreement with the present experimental data for a wide range of supersymmetry breaking scales. We also find that an experimental accuracy of less than $1 \%$ for the top quark mass could test the corresponding prediction of the Gauge-Yukawa unified model.

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The Top-Bottom Hierarchy from Gauge-Yukawa Unification

The idea of Gauge-Yukawa Unification (GYU) based on the principle of reduction of couplings is elucidated. We show how the observed top-bottom mass hierarchy can be explained in terms of supersymmetric GYU by considering an example of the minimal supersymmetric GUT.

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Axial Couplings on the World-Line

We construct a world-line representation for the fermionic one-loop effective action with axial and also vector, scalar, and pseudo-scalar couplings. We use this expression to compute a few selected scattering amplitudes. These allow us to verify that our method yields the same results as standard field theory. In particular, we are able to reproduce the chiral anomaly. Our starting point is the second-order formulation for the Dirac fermion. We translate the second order expressions into a world-line action.

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Gauge-Yukawa Unification and the Top-Bottom Hierarchy

The consequences of Gauge-Yukawa Unification (GYU) in supersymmetric unified models on low energy physics are analyzed. We find that the observed top-bottom mass hierarchy can be explained by supersymmetric GYU and different models can be experimentally distinguished if the top quark mass does not exceed the value $\sim 185$ GeV.

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Gauge-Yukawa Unification

Gauge-Yukawa Unification (GYU) yields a functional relation among the gauge and Yukawa couplings, and it may follow from the usual Grand Unification if it is supplemented with some additional principles. Postulating the principles of finiteness and reduction of couplings, we have achieved Gauge-Yukawa Unification in various supersymmetric unified models leading, among other things, to interesting predictions on the top quark mass.

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