arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to N. Gambino.
We show that the bicategory of operads and bimodules can be embedded into the bicategory of symmetric 2-rigs, a categorification of commutative rings. In order to do this, we introduce the notion of an operadic 2-rig and show that the full sub-bicategory of symmetric 2-rigs spanned by operadic 2-rigs has the universal property of being a completion under Eilenberg-Moore-Kleisli objects.
We develop further the theory of monoidal bicategories by introducing and studying bicategorical counterparts of the notions of a linear exponential comonad, as considered in the study of linear logic, and of a codereliction transformation, introduced to study differential linear logic via differential categories. As an application, we extend the differential calculus of Joyal's analytic functors to analytic functors between presheaf categories, just as ordinary calculus extends from a single variable to many variables.
We introduce a new method for precisely relating certain kinds of algebraic structures in a presheaf category and judgements of its internal type theory. The method provides a systematic way to organise complex diagrammatic reasoning and generalises the well-known Kripke-Joyal forcing for logic. As an application, we prove several properties of algebraic weak factorisation systems considered in Homotopy Type Theory.
In this paper we discuss the possibility to generate and accelerate proton nanobeams in fully dielectric laser-driven accelerators (p-DLAs). High gradient on-chip optical-power dielectric laser accelerators (DLAs) could represent one of the most promising way towards future miniaturized particle accelerator. A primary challenge for DLAs are small beam apertures having a size of the order of the driving laser wavelength where low charge high-repetition (or also CW) ultralow emittance nanobeams have to be transported. For electrons beams generation and acceleration, intense research activities are ongoing, and several demonstrations have been already obtained by using electrons nanotip (or flat photocathode) sources feeding dielectric microstructures. In this article we aim at the possibility to integrate a nanosource for the generation of a light ion or proton nano-beams suitable for the subsequent acceleration into sub-relativistic (low-beta) p-DLA stages. Such integration includes the idea to use a proton dielectric radiofrequency quadrupole (p-DRFQ) for bridging the gap between the accelerator front-end and the drift-tube and high-beta sections. The paper has been prepared as a white book including state-of-art technologies and new solutions that now put the ambitious frontier of a fully nanostructured proton accelerator into reach. Conceptual studies of p-DLAs here presented could enable table-top proton nano-beams for several applications: proton beam writing, nuclear reaction analysis at sub-micrometer scales, the construction of miniaturized Proton-Boron Nuclear Fusion based Reactors, biological analysis at the micrometer scale, ion beam analysis at the sub-cellular level, mini-beams ion therapy to spare the shallow tissues, proton irradiation of transistors, compact proton linac for neutron generation.
We present the results of an experiment on plasma generation via laser ablation at 10^12 W/cm^2 of power intensity and in a nanosecond domain. Prompt electrons emission and complex plasma plume fragmentation were simultaneously observed for the first time in this laser intensity regime, along with a double electron temperature inside the plasma bulk surviving for a long time to the plume expansion. 1D PIC simulations are in agreement with experimental data as long as the emission of initial prompt electrons is considered. This assumption results to be the key to explain all the other experimental evidences.