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N. Shah

Publications and source records attributed to N. Shah.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

A grid of fast-rotating, chemically-homogeneous, supernova and/or long-GRB progenitors

The understanding of the mechanism(s) by which massive stars collapse and possibly explode is rapidly maturing. Uncertainties in the structure of the stellar core at the onset of collapse are often dominant in numerical simulations, and a limited number of progenitor grids are available. This is especially true for explosions where rotation and magnetic fields play a significant or primary role. We present a grid of 113 single-star models with initial masses $M_{\rm ZAMS}=30-90\,M_{\odot}$ and initial rigid rotation $\omega_{\rm ZAMS}=0.5-0.99\,\omega_{\rm crit}$ computed at $Z=0.001$ with the open-source stellar evolution code \textsc{MESA}. We adopt a 128-isotope nuclear reaction network capable of following the weak reactions deleptonizing the core during and after silicon core burning. By construction, these models experience rotationally-induced chemically-homogeneous evolution, and reach the onset of collapse ($v_{\rm infall}\lesssim -300\,\mathrm{km\ s^{-1}}$) with large and structured amounts of angular momentum, possibly sufficient to form accretion disks on a proto-compact object. Therefore, these progenitor structures provide a homogeneous set of models with updated input physics and improved algorithmic accuracy to understand stellar explosions of (some types of) stripped-envelope supernovae, possibly jetted and/or broad-lined, collapsars or magnetar-powered, and/or long $\gamma$-ray bursts.

astro-ph.HE

Robust co-design framework for buildings operated by predictive control

Cost-effective decarbonisation of the built environment is a stepping stone to achieving net-zero carbon emissions since buildings are globally responsible for more than a quarter of global energy-related CO$_2$ emissions. Improving energy utilization and decreasing costs naturally requires considering multiple domain-specific performance criteria. The resulting problem is often computationally infeasible. The paper proposes an approach based on decomposition and selection of significant operating conditions to achieve a formulation with reduced computational complexity. We present a robust framework to optimise the physical design, the controller, and the operation of residential buildings in an integrated fashion, considering external weather conditions and time-varying electricity prices. The framework explicitly includes operational constraints and increases the utilization of the energy generated by intermittent resources. A case study illustrates the potential of co-design in enhancing the reliability, flexibility and self-sufficiency of a system operating under different conditions. Specifically, numerical results demonstrate reductions in costs up to $30$% compared to a deterministic formulation. Furthermore, the proposed approach achieves a computational time reduction of at least $10$ times lower compared to the original problem with a deterioration in the performance of only 0.6%.

eess.SY

Sobol' indices for problems defined in non-rectangular domains

A novel theoretical and numerical framework for the estimation of Sobol sensitivity indices for models in which inputs are confined to a non-rectangular domain (e.g., in presence of inequality constraints) is developed. Two numerical methods, namely the quadrature integration method which may be very efficient for problems of low and medium dimensionality and the MC/QMC estimators based on the acceptance-rejection sampling method are proposed for the numerical estimation of Sobol sensitivity indices. Several model test functions with constraints are considered for which analytical solutions for Sobol sensitivity indices were found. These solutions were used as benchmarks for verifying numerical estimates. The method is shown to be general and efficient.

math.ST

Production of multistrange hadrons, light nuclei and hypertriton in central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 11.5 and 200 GeV

The production of dibaryons, light nuclei and hypertriton in the most central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 11.5 and 200 GeV are investigated by using a naive coalescence model. The production of light nuclei is studied and found that the production rate reduces by a factor of 330 (1200) for each extra nucleon added to nuclei at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 11.5 (200) GeV. The $p_{T}$ integrated yield of multistrange hadrons falls exponentially as strangeness quantum number increases. We further investigate strangeness population factor $S_{3}, S_{2}$ as a function of transverse momentum as well as $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$. The calculations for $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 11.5 GeV presented here will stimulate interest to carry out these measurements during the phase-II of beam energy scan program at STAR experiment.

nucl-ex

Investigation of the dd -> 3He n π0 reaction with the FZ Jülich WASA-at-COSY facility

An exclusive measurement of the dd -> 3He n π0 reaction was carried at a beam momentum of p = 1.2 GeV/c using the WASA-at-COSY facility. For the first time data on the total cross section as well as differential distributions were obtained. The data are described with a phenomenological approach based on a combination of a quasi-free model and a partial wave expansion for three-body reaction. The total cross section is found to be σ(tot) = (2.89 +- 0.01(stat) +- 0.06(sys) +- 0.29(norm)) μb. The contribution of the quasi-free processes (with the neutron being target or beam spectator) accounts for 38% of the total cross section and dominates the differential distributions in specific regions of the phase space. The remaining part of the cross section can be described within a partial wave decomposition indicating the significance of p-wave contributions in the final state.

nucl-ex

π^0 π^0 Production in Proton-Proton Collisions at Tp=1.4 GeV

The reaction pp->pppi0pi0 has been investigated at a beam energy of 1.4 GeV using the WASA-at-COSY facility. The total cross section is found to be (324 +- 21_systematic +- 58_normalization) mub. In order to to study the production mechanism, differential kinematical distributions have been evaluated. The differential distributions indicate that both initial state protons are excited into intermediate Delta(1232) resonances, each decaying into a proton and a single pion, thereby producing the pion pair in the final state. No significant contribution of the Roper resonance N*(1440) via its decay into a proton and two pions is found

hep-ex

Measurement of the $pn \to ppπ^0π^-$ Reaction in Search for the Recently Observed Resonance Structure in $dπ^0π^0$ and $dπ^+π^-$ systems

Exclusive measurements of the quasi-free $pn \to ppπ^0π^-$ reaction have been performed by means of $pd$ collisions at $T_p$ = 1.2 GeV using the WASA detector setup at COSY. Total and differential cross sections have been obtained covering the energy region $\sqrt s$ = (2.35 - 2.46) GeV, which includes the region of the ABC effect and its associated resonance structure. No ABC effect, {\it i.e.} low-mass enhancement is found in the $π^0π^-$-invariant mass spectrum -- in agreement with the constraint from Bose statistics that the isovector pion pair can not be in relative s-wave. At the upper end of the covered energy region $t$-channel processes for Roper, $Δ(1600)$ and $ΔΔ$ excitations provide a reasonable description of the data, but at low energies the measured cross sections are much larger than predicted by such processes. Adding a resonance amplitude for the resonance at $m$=~2.37 GeV with $Γ$ =~70 MeV and $I(J^P)=~0(3^+)$ observed recently in $pn \to dπ^0π^0$ and $pn \to dπ^+π^-$ reactions leads to an agreement with the data also at low energies.

nucl-ex

Search for the eta-mesic 4He with WASA-at-COSY detector

An exclusive measurement of the excitation function for the dd->3Heppi- reaction was performed at the Cooler Synchrotron COSY-Juelich with the WASA-at-COSY detection system. The data were taken during a slow acceleration of the beam from 2.185 GeV/c to 2.400 GeV/c crossing the kinematic threshold for the eta meson production in the dd->4He-eta reaction at 2.336 GeV/c. The corresponding excess energy with respect to the 4He-eta system varied from -51.4MeV to 22MeV. The integrated luminosity in the experiment was determined using the dd->3Hen reaction. The shape of the excitation function for the dd->3Heppi- was examined. No signal of the 4He-eta bound state was observed. An upper limit for the cross-section for the bound state formation and decay in the process dd->(4He-eta)bound->3Heppi- was determined on the 90% confidence level and it varies from 20nb to 27nb for the bound state width ranging from 5MeV to 35MeV, respectively.

nucl-ex

Search for a dark photon in the $π^0 \to e^+e^-γ$ decay

The presently world largest data sample of pi0 --> gamma e+e- decays containing nearly 5E5 events was collected using the WASA detector at COSY. A search for a dark photon U produced in the pi0 --> gamma U --> gamma e+e- decay from the pp-->ppπ^0 reaction was carried out. An upper limit on the square of the U-gamma mixing strength parameter epsilon^2 of 5e-6 at 90% CL was obtained for the mass range 20 MeV <M_U< 100 MeV. This result together with other recent experimental limits significantly reduces the M_U vs. ε^2 parameter space preferred by the measured value of the muon anomalous magnetic moment.

hep-ex

Isospin Decomposition of the Basic Double-Pionic Fusion in the Region of the ABC Effect

Exclusive and kinematically complete high-statistics measurements of the basic double pionic fusion reactions pn -> dpi0pi0, pn -> d pi+pi- and pp -> dpi+pi0 have been carried out simultaneously over the energy region of the ABC effect using the WASA detector setup at COSY. Whereas the isoscalar reaction part given by the dpi0pi0 channel exhibits the ABC effect, i.e. a low-mass enhancement in the pipi-invariant mass distribution, as well as the associated resonance structure in the total cross section, the isovector part given by the dpi+pi0 channel shows a smooth behavior consistent with the conventional t-channel Delta Delta process. The dpi+pi- data are very well reproduced by combining the data for isovector and isoscalar contributions, if the kinematical consequences of the isospin violation due to different masses for charged and neutral pions are taken into account.

nucl-ex

Femtoscopy of identified particles at STAR

We present new measurements of $Λ-Λ$ correlations, which are closely related to $H$-dibaryon: a six quark state predicted by Jaffe (1977), in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV from the STAR experiment. Fits to different potential models are discussed and extracted scattering length and effective range are also presented.We also present spherical harmonic decomposition of pion-kaon correlation function for 0-5% centrality in Au+Au collision at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV. In addition, we also discuss results from azimuthal HBT for beam energies 7.7-200 GeV.

nucl-ex

ABC Resonance Structure in the Double-Pionic Fusion to 4He

Exclusive and kinematically complete high-statistics measurements of the double pionic fusion reaction $dd \to ^4$He$π^0π^0$ have been performed in the energy range 0.8 - 1.4 GeV covering thus the region of the ABC effect, which denotes a pronounced low-mass enhancement in the $ππ$-invariant mass spectrum. The experiments were carried out with the WASA detector setup at COSY. Similar to the observation in the basic $pn \to d π^0π^0$ reaction, the data reveal a correlation between the ABC effect and a resonance-like energy dependence in the total cross section. The maximum occurs at m=2.37 GeV + 2$m_N$, i.e. at the same position as in the basic reaction. The observed resonance width $Γ\approx$ 160 MeV can be understood from broadening due to Fermi motion of the nucleons in initial and final nuclei together with collision damping. Differential cross sections are described equally well by the hypothesis of a $pn$ resonance formation during the reaction process.

nucl-ex

Exclusive Measurement of the eta --> pi+ pi- gamma Decay

An exclusive measurement of the decay eta --> pi+ pi- gamma has been performed at the WASA facility at COSY. The eta mesons were produced in the fusion reaction pd --> 3He X at a proton beam momentum of 1.7 GeV/c. Efficiency corrected differential distributions have been extracted based on 13340\pm140 events after background subtraction. The measured pion angular distribution is consistent with a relative p-wave of the two-pion system, whereas the measured photon energy spectrum was found at variance with the simplest gauge invariant matrix element of eta --> pi+ pi- gamma. A parameterization of the data can be achieved by the additional inclusion of the empirical pion vector form factor multiplied by a first-order polynomial in the squared invariant mass of the pi+ pi- system.

nucl-ex

ABC Effect in Basic Double-Pionic Fusion --- Observation of a new resonance?

We report on a high-statistics measurement of the basic double pionic fusion reaction $pn \to dπ^0π^0$ over the energy region of the so-called ABC effect, a pronounced low-mass enhancement in the $ππ$-invariant mass spectrum. The measurements were performed with the WASA detector setup at COSY. The data reveal the ABC effect to be associated with a Lorentzian shaped energy dependence in the integral cross section. The observables are consistent with a resonance with $I(J^P) =0(3^+)$ in both $pn$ and $ΔΔ$ systems. Necessary further tests of the resonance interpretation are discussed.

nucl-ex

Crystalline phases in chiral ferromagnets: Destabilization of helical order

In chiral ferromagnets, weak spin-orbit interactions twist the ferromagnetic order into spirals, leading to helical order. We investigate an extended Ginzburg-Landau theory of such systems where the helical order is destabilized in favor of crystalline phases. These crystalline phases are based on periodic arrangements of double-twist cylinders and are strongly reminiscent of blue phases in liquid crystals. We discuss the relevance of such blue phases for the phase diagram of the chiral ferromagnet MnSi.

cond-mat.str-el

Proposal for a two-channel quantum dot setup: Prediction for the capacitance lineshape

We have made a detailed proposal for a two-channel quantum dot setup. The energy scales in the problem are such that we are able to make connection with the two-channel Anderson model, which, in spite of being well-known in the context of heavy-Fermion systems remained theoretically elusive until recently and lacked a mesoscopic realization. Verification of our precise and robust predictions for the differential capacitance lineshape of the dot will provide an experimental signature of the two-channel behavior.

cond-mat.mes-hall

Microscopic analysis of the superconducting quantum critical point: Finite temperature crossovers in transport near a pair-breaking quantum phase transition

A microscopic analysis of the superconducting quantum critical point realized via a pair-breaking quantum phase transition is presented. Finite temperature crossovers are derived for the electrical conductivity, which is a key probe of superconducting fluctuations. By using the diagrammatic formalism for disordered systems, we are able to incorporate the interplay between fluctuating Cooper pairs and electrons, that is outside the scope of a time-dependent Ginzburg Landau or effective bosonic action formalism. It is essential to go beyond the standard approximation in order to capture the zero temperature correction which results purely from the (dynamic) quantum fluctuations and dictates the behavior of the conductivity in an entire low temperature quantum regime. All dynamic contributions are of the same order and conspire to add up to a negative total, thereby inhibiting the conductivity as a result of superconducting fluctuations. On the contrary, the classical and the intermediate regimes are dominated by the positive bosonic channel. Our theory is applicable in one, two and three dimensions and is relevant for experiments on superconducting nanowires, doubly-connected cylinders, thin films and bulk in the presence of magnetic impurities, magnetic field or other pair-breakers. A window of non-monotonic behavior is predicted to exist as either the temperature or the pair-breaking parameter is swept.

cond-mat.supr-con

Non-equilibrium conductance of a three-terminal quantum dot in the Kondo regime: Perturbative Renormalization Group

Motivated by recent experiments, we consider a single-electron transistor in the Kondo regime which is coupled to three leads in the presence of large bias voltages. Such a steady-state non-equilibrium system is to a large extent governed by a decoherence rate induced by the current through the dot. As the two-terminal conductance turns out to be rather insensitive to the decoherence rate, we study the conductance in a three-terminal device using perturbative renormalization group and calculate the characteristic splitting of the Kondo resonance. The interplay between potential biases and anisotropy in coupling to the three leads determines the decoherence rate and the conditions for strong coupling.

cond-mat.mes-hall