Reactive polar mesogenic self-assembly approach enables domain-programmable polymer ferroelectrics
Ferroelectric polymers combine switchable polarization with the processability of soft materials, but their development has been dominated by poly(vinylidene fluoride) and related fluoropolymers, whose crystalline polar phases restrict mechanical compliance and domain design with spatial precision. Here we establish a generic design principle for creating intrinsically flexible ferroelectric liquid-crystal polymers through reactive polar mesogenic self-assembly. The approach creates polyfluoroalkyl-free polymer films in which robust ferroelectric order arises from liquid-crystalline molecular organization rather than crystalline phase formation. By transferring ferroelectric order from fluid mesogenic states into polymer networks, the resulting materials combine mechanical adaptability with programmable polar architectures. Especially, the photoalignment technology enables these polar states to be organized into pixelated domain architectures. This work establishes a design space towards soft ferroelectric polymers that integrate molecularly programmed polar order, mechanical tunability and environmentally conscious chemistry, expanding the design space of adaptive materials for flexible electronics, wearable systems and soft robotics.