Single crystal growth, structural and magnetic properties of CeZn$_{2-x}$Ga$_{2+x}$
The tetragonal BaAl$_4$ ($I4/mmm$) parent structure underpins a diverse family of materials exhibiting novel phenomena, including nematic superconductivity, topological semimetallicity, and heavy fermion behavior. The recent growth of ternary R-Zn-Ga compounds, such as the previously reported CeZn$_2$Ga$_2$, has explored some of the members exhibiting rare-earth magnetism within this family. In this paper, we report on the structural and magnetic properties of single crystals of CeZn$_{2-x}$Ga$_{2+x}$, a Ga-rich analogue of CeZn$_2$Ga$_2$. Our CeZn$_{2-x}$Ga$_{2+x}$ samples exhibit magnetic properties distinct from the paramagnetic behavior previously reported for CeZn$_2$Ga$_2$. We observe a magnetic transition around 4 K, pronounced metamagnetic states at low temperatures, and strong magnetic anisotropy. Though there are batch-to-batch variations that suggest a strong sensitivity to local structural imperfections, we consistently see the presence of magnetic transitions and metamagnetic states in our crystals. To investigate the local structural sensitivity hypothesis, we performed Reverse Monte Carlo analysis of collected powder neutron diffraction data, revealing the presence of significant local crystallographic disorder of the magnetic Ce site. Our findings demonstrate that the positional disorder drives competing ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic correlations that lead to the observed spin glass behavior and complex anisotropic magnetism. This study illustrates that tuning the local crystallographic disorder enables engineering frustrated magnetic states in BaAl$_4$-type and similar intermetallic structures.