Intercalation of Ultrathin Ferromagnetic Iron Films at the Graphene/SiC Interface
The intercalation of high-quality PASG-grown (polymer-assisted sublimation growth) zero-layer graphene on 4H-SiC(0001) with iron is studied using a deposition-and-annealing approach. We find that unlike other metals, Fe does not easily intercalate, and the intercalation procedure has to be balanced with the formation of iron silicides and graphitic carbon at the interface. After successful intercalation, the ultrathin iron films are protected against oxidation by the covering graphene sheet, and retain ferromagnetic behaviour with an in-plane easy axis even at room temperature. When exposed to a selenium-rich atmosphere at elevated temperatures, an almost complete exchange of Fe by Se is observed, imposing a major restriction for the formation of multi-element 2D compounds via sequential intercalation schemes.