arXiv subjects

Nikhil Hatwar

Publications and source records attributed to Nikhil Hatwar.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2024

Probing the onset of hydrodynamization in peripheral p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} =$ 5.02 TeV

An attempt has been made to estimate the minimum size of the de-confined matter of Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) in small systems like p-Pb system that could be satisfactorily modeled with low-order hydrodynamics. The variation of second order transport coefficient of second order relativistic viscous hydrodynamics, the shear relaxation time has been utilized to study the sensitivity of experimental observables like elliptic flow coefficient. A representative system of p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} =$ 5.02 TeV, simulated with the state-of-art framework of JETSCAPE event generator was used to study the variation of elliptic flow coefficient for peripheral collisions. The soft sector dynamics was simulated using an initial condition, a pre-equilibrium stage, hydrodynamics and a hadron afterburner. The transverse momentum spectra and rapidity distribution was obtained for light flavored hadrons and compared with the experimental data. The increase in elliptic flow fluctuations indicate breakdown of fluid behavior at $dN/dy \approx 14$ for p-Pb collision at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} =$ 5.02 TeV.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2022

Using the non-hydrodynamic mode to study the onset of hydrodynamic behavior in ultraperipheral symmetric nuclear collisions

With the attempts of extending the hydrodynamic framework of heavy-ion collision to proton-proton and other small and low energy systems, we are confronted with the question of how small the system can get and still be safely modelled as a fluid. One of the transport coefficients required in the $2^{nd}$ order relativistic viscous hydrodynamics is the shear relaxation time, inclusion of which solves the causality violation problem in the Navier-Stokes equation. In phenomenological studies this coefficient has been taken as a constant and much attention has gone into finding and fixing the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio, $η/s$. This transport coefficient also happens to control the non-hydrodynamic mode of the out-of-equilibrium hydrodynamics theory. It has been predicted that for decreasing system size, observables become sensitive to variation in shear relaxation time as a result of increasing dominance of non-hydrodynamic mode, which could potentially indicate breakdown of hydrodynamics. In this study, we try to test this prediction in the peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at $2.76$ TeV and Au-Au collisions at $200$ GeV, with IPGlasma initial condition and $(2+1)-$Dimensional viscous hydrodynamics. We find that elliptic flow does show adequate sensitivity to variation in relaxation time for decreasing system size. The multiplicity rapidity density limit for applicability of hydrodynamics is found to be around $dN/dy\approx10$, with the possibility of refinement in this value given a way to improve the centrality resolution in experimental data for referencing in peripheral collisions.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2021

Bottomonium suppression in PbPb collision at energies available at the CERN large hadron collider

We had been gradually working towards building a comprehensive quarkonia suppression formalism to explain all 3 dependencies of quarkonium suppression obtained from heavy-ion collision experiments. We present here the improved version of quarkonia suppression framework. It assumes bottomonia produced in the early stage which dissociates due to color screening, gluonic dissociation, and collisional damping in addition to the shadowing as an initial state effect. The QGP medium formed in the collisions is assumed to evolve under ($3+1$)-dimensional relativistic viscous hydrodynamics which is modeled using ECHO-QGP. This replaces the Bjorken's hydrodynamics which we had used in our earlier work where we determined the centrality and transverse momentum dependent suppression. The correlated bottom quark and bottom anti-quark could recombine in the plasma. A rate equation is employed, whose solution gives the final number of bottomonium after dissociation and recombination under $(3+1)$-dimensional expansion of the QGP medium. The Shadowing effect, which is the dominant Cold Nuclear Matter effect at LHC energies, has now been modified by employing the most recent parton distribution functions obtained from CT14 global analysis and shadowing factors from EPPS16. Using this improved formalism we determine the centrality, transverse momentum, and rapidity, dependencies of bottomonium suppression for $Υ(1S)$, and $Υ(2S)$ at the LHC's energies of $2.76$ TeV and $5.02$ TeV. We find a fairly good agreement between theoretically calculated survival probability and the measured nuclear modification factor($R_{AA}$) at the two energies.

hep-ph↗