arXiv subjects

Nikhil Karthik

Publications and source records attributed to Nikhil Karthik.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2020

QED$_3$-inspired three-dimensional conformal lattice gauge theory without fine-tuning

We construct a conformal lattice theory with only gauge degrees of freedom based on the induced non-local gauge action in QED$_3$ coupled to large number of flavors $N$ of massless two-component Dirac fermions. This lattice system displays signatures of criticality in gauge observables, without any fine-tuning of couplings and can be studied without Monte Carlo critical slow-down. By coupling exactly massless fermion sources to the lattice gauge model, we demonstrate that non-trivial anomalous dimensions are induced in fermion bilinears depending on the dimensionless electric charge of the fermion. We present a proof-of-principle lattice computation of the Wilson-coefficients of various fermion bilinear three-point functions. Finally, by mapping the charge $q$ of fermion in the model to a flavor $N$ in massless QED$_3$, we point to an universality in low-lying Dirac spectrum and an evidence of self-duality of $N=2$ QED$_3$.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2020

Valence parton distribution of pion from lattice QCD: Approaching continuum

We present a high-statistics lattice QCD determination of the valence parton distribution function (PDF) of the pion, with a mass of 300 MeV, using two very fine lattice spacings of $a=0.06$ fm and 0.04 fm. We reconstruct the $x$-dependent PDF, as well as infer the first few even moments of the PDF using leading-twist 1-loop perturbative matching framework. Our analyses use both RI-MOM and ratio-based schemes to renormalize the equal-time bi-local quark-bilinear matrix elements of pions boosted up to 2.4 GeV momenta. We use various model-independent and model-dependent analyses to infer the large-$x$ behavior of the valence PDF. We also present technical studies on lattice spacing and higher-twist corrections present in the boosted pion matrix elements.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2020

Isovector parton distribution functions of the proton on a superfine lattice

We study isovector unpolarized and helicity parton distribution functions (PDF) of the proton within the framework of Large Momentum Effective Theory. We use a gauge ensemble, generated by the MILC Collaboration, with a superfine lattice spacing of $0.042$ fm and a pion mass of $310$ MeV, enabling us to simultaneously reach sub-fermi spatial separations and larger nucleon momenta. We compare the spatial dependence of quasi-PDF matrix elements in different renormalization schemes with the corresponding results of the global fits, obtained using 1-loop perturbative matching. We present determinations of the first four moments of the unpolarized and helicity PDFs of proton from the Ioffe-time dependence of the isovector matrix elements, obtained by employing a ratio-based renormalization scheme.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2020

Pion valence quark PDF from lattice QCD

We present lattice results on the valence-quark structure of the pion using a coordinate space method within the framework of Large Momentum Effective Theory (LaMET). In this method one relies on the matrix elements of a Euclidean correlator in boosted hadronic states, which have an operator product expansion at short distance that allows us to extract the moments of PDFs. We renormalize the Euclidean correlator by forming the reduced Ioffe-time distribution (rITD), and reconstruct the second and fourth moments of the pion PDF by taking into account of QCD evolution effects.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2019

Numerical determination of monopole scaling dimension in parity-invariant three-dimensional non-compact QED

We present a direct Monte-Carlo determination of the scaling dimension of a topological defect operator in the infrared fixed point of a three-dimensional interacting quantum field theory. For this, we compute the free energy to introduce the background gauge field of the $Q=1$ monopole-antimonopole pair in three-dimensional non-compact QED with $N=2,4$ and $12$ flavors of massless two-component fermions, and study its asymptotic logarithmic dependence on the monopole-antimonopole separation. We estimate the scaling dimension in the $N=12$ case to be consistent with the large-$N$ (free fermion) value. We find the deviations from this large-$N$ value for $N=2$ and $4$ are positive but small, implying that the higher order corrections in the large-$N$ expansion become mildly important for $N=2,4$.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2019

Valence parton distribution function of pion from fine lattice

We present a lattice QCD study of valence parton distribution inside the pion within the framework of Large Momentum Effective Theory. We use a mixed action approach with 1-HYP smeared valence Wilson clover quarks on 2+1 flavor HISQ sea with the valence quark mass tuned to 300 MeV pion mass. We use $48^3 \times 64$ lattice at a fine lattice spacing $a=0.06$ fm for this computation. We renormalize the quasi-PDF matrix element in the non-perturbative RI-MOM scheme. As a byproduct, we test the validity of 1-loop matching procedure by comparing the RI-MOM renormalized quasi-PDF matrix element with off-shell quark external states as computed in the continuum 1-loop perturbation theory with the lattice results at $a=0.04$ and 0.06 fm. By applying the RI-MOM to ${\bar{\rm MS}}$ one-loop matching, implemented through a fit to phenomenologically motivated PDFs, we obtain the valence PDF of pion.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2019

A curious behavior of three-dimensional lattice Dirac operators coupled to monopole background

We investigate numerically the effect of regulating fermions in the presence of singular background fields in three dimensions. For this, we couple free lattice fermions to a background compact U(1) gauge field consisting of a monopole-anti-monopole pair of magnetic charge $\pm Q$ separated by a distance $s$ in a periodic $L^3$ lattice, and study the low-lying eigenvalues of different lattice Dirac operators under a continuum limit defined by taking $L\to\infty$ at fixed $s/L$. As the background gauge field is parity even, we look for a two-fold degeneracy of the Dirac spectrum that is expected of a continuum-like Dirac operator. The naive-Dirac operator exhibits such a parity-doubling, but breaks the degeneracy of the fermion-doubler modes for the $Q$ lowest eigenvalues in the continuum limit. The Wilson-Dirac operator lifts the fermion-doublers but breaks the parity-doubling in the $Q$ lowest modes even in the continuum limit. The overlap-Dirac operator shows parity-doubling of all the modes even at finite $L$ that is devoid of fermion-doubling, and singles out as a properly regulated continuum Dirac operator in the presence of singular gauge field configurations albeit with a peculiar algorithmic issue.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2018

Pion structure from Lattice QCD

We present preliminary study of parton distribution inside the pion using mixed action approach with HYP smeared valence clover quarks on HISQ sea within the framework of Large Momentum Effective Theory. We use 2+1 flavor $48^3 \times 64$ HISQ lattices with lattices spacing of a=0.06 fm and valence quark masses corresponding to pion mass of 300 MeV.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2018

Pion quasi parton distribution function on a fine lattice

We present a calculation of the bare quasi-PDF (qPDF) of the pion. We perform these calculations using the HotQCD HISQ gauge ensemble for our sea quarks along with a Wilson-Clover valence quark action. Our lattice size is $48^3\times64$, our lattice spacing is set at a = 0.06 fm, and our pion mass is tuned to 300 MeV. Utilizing momentum smearing techniques, we compute the bare qPDF boosted up to momentum 1.72 GeV. In addition we explore excited state contamination of the three-point correlator.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2018

Renormalized quasi parton distribution function of pion

We present preliminary numerical results on the connected piece of the quasi-PDF of pion as determined using Wilson-Clover valence fermions on HISQ ensembles. We discuss its non-perturbative renormalization in RI/MOM scheme with and without removal of the divergent self-energy part, and compare its running with expectation from perturbation theory. We also discuss the matching of pion QPDF to PDF, and various systematic effects associated with it.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2018

Monopole scaling dimension using Monte Carlo

We present a viable Monte Carlo determination of the scaling dimensions $Δ_Q$ of flux $Q$ Abelian monopoles through finite-size scaling analysis of the free energy to introduce the background field of classical Dirac monopole-antimonopole pair at critical points of three-dimensional lattice theories. We validate the method in free fermion theory, and by verifying the particle-vortex duality between the monopole scaling dimension at the inverse-XY fixed point and the charge scaling dimension at the XY fixed point. At the $O(2)$ Wilson-Fisher fixed point, we determine the critical exponents $Δ_1= 0.13(2)$, $Δ_2=0.29(1)$ and $Δ_3=0.47(2)$, which we find to be proportional to the finite-size critical spectrum of monopoles on square torus.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2018

Parity anomaly cancellation in a three-dimensional QED with single massless Dirac fermion

We study a three-dimensional non-compact QED with a single two-component massless fermion and two infinitely massive regulator fermions of half the charge using lattice overlap formalism. The parity anomaly is expected to cancel exactly between the massless and regulator fermions in the continuum, but this cancellation is inexact on lattice akin to lattice chiral gauge theories. We show non-perturbatively that parity-breaking terms vanish in the continuum limit at any finite volume. We present numerical evidences that the resulting parity-invariant theory spontaneously breaks parity in the infinite volume limit.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2018

Scale-invariance and scale-breaking in parity-invariant three-dimensional QCD

We present a numerical study of three-dimensional two-color QCD with $N=0, 2, 4, 8$ and 12 flavors of massless two-component fermions using parity-preserving improved Wilson-Dirac fermions. A finite volume analysis provides strong evidence for the presence of $Sp(N)$ symmetry-breaking bilinear condensate when $N \le 2$ and its absence for $N \ge 8$. A weaker evidence for the bilinear condensate is shown for $N=4$. We estimate the critical number of flavors below which scale-invariance is broken by the bilinear condensate to be between $N=4$ and 6.

hep-th↗

arXiv2017

Flavor and topological current correlators in parity-invariant three-dimensional QED

We use lattice regularization to study the flow of the flavor-triplet fermion current central charge $C^f_J$ from its free field value in the ultraviolet limit to its conformal value in the infrared limit of the parity-invariant three-dimensional QED with two flavors of two-component fermions. The dependence of $C^f_J$ on the scale is weak with a tendency to be below the free field value at intermediate distances. Our numerical data suggests that the flavor-triplet fermion current and the topological current correlators become degenerate within numerical errors in the infra-red limit, thereby supporting an enhanced O(4) symmetry predicted by strong self-duality. Further, we demonstrate that fermion dynamics is necessary for the scale-invariant behavior of parity-invariant three-dimensional QED by showing that the pure gauge theory with non-compact gauge action has non-zero bilinear condensate.

hep-th↗

arXiv2016

Absence of bilinear condensate in three-dimensional QED

There are plausibility arguments that QED in three dimensions has a critical number of flavors of massless two-component fermions, below which scale invariance is broken by the presence of bilinear condensate. We present numerical evidences from our lattice simulations using dynamical overlap as well as Wilson-Dirac fermions for the absence of bilinear condensate for any even number of flavors of two-component fermions. Instead, we find evidences for the scale-invariant nature of three-dimensional QED.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2016

Bilinear condensate in three-dimensional large-$N_c$ QCD

We find clear numerical evidence for a bilinear condensate in three-dimensional QCD in the 't Hooft limit. We use a non-chiral random matrix model to extract the value of the condensate $Σ$ from the low-lying eigenvalues of the massless anti-Hermitian overlap Dirac operator. We estimate $Σ/λ^2 = 0.0042 \pm 0.0004$ in units of the physical 't Hooft coupling.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2016

Scale-invariance of parity-invariant three-dimensional QED

We present numerical evidences using overlap fermions for a scale-invariant behavior of parity-invariant three-dimensional QED with two flavors of massless two-component fermions. Using finite-size scaling of the low-lying eigenvalues of the massless anti-Hermitian overlap Dirac operator, we rule out the presence of bilinear condensate and estimate the mass anomalous dimension. The eigenvectors associated with these low-lying eigenvalues suggest critical behavior in the sense of a metal-insulator transition. We show that there is no mass gap in the scalar and vector correlators in the infinite volume theory. The vector correlator does not acquire an anomalous dimension. The anomalous dimension associated with the long-distance behavior of the scalar correlator is consistent with the mass anomalous dimension.

hep-th↗

arXiv2016

No evidence for bilinear condensate in parity-invariant three-dimensional QED with massless fermions

We present our numerical study of three-dimensional QED with 2, 4, 6 and 8 flavors of massless two-component fermions using a parity-preserving lattice regularization with Wilson fermions. We study the behavior of low-lying eigenvalues of the massless improved Wilson-Dirac operator as a function of three-dimensional physical volume, after taking the continuum limit at fixed physical volumes. We find the following evidences against the presence of bilinear condensate: the eigenvalues do not scale as the inverse of the three-dimensional physical volume, and the number variance associated with these eigenvalues do not exhibit ergodic behavior. The inverse participation ratio (IPR) of the associated eigenvectors exhibits a multi-fractal volume scaling. The relation satisfied by number variance and IPR suggests critical behavior.

hep-lat↗