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Nobuyuki Sakai

Publications and source records attributed to Nobuyuki Sakai.

76 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

Dynamic Monopoles and Spacetime Structure

According to previous work on magnetic monopoles, static regular solutions are nonexistent if the vacuum expectation value of the Higgs field $η$ is larger than a critical value $η_{\rm cr}$, which is of the order of the Planck mass. In order to understand the properties of monopoles for $η>η_{\rm cr}$, we investigate their dynamics numerically and classify those dynamical solutions into three types as follows. If $η$ is larger than another critical value $η_{\rm inf}~(>η_{\rm cr})$, a monopole inflates and a wormhole structure appears around it. In the case of $η_{\rm cr}<η<η_{\rm inf}$, inflation does not occur and the dynamics depend on the ratio of the Higgs self coupling constant $λ$ and the gauge coupling constant $e^2$: if $λ/e^2\stackrel{<}{\sim}1$, a monopole just shrinks and becomes a black hole; otherwise, a monopole approaches a stable configuration.

gr-qc↗

Dynamics of Topological Defects and Inflation

We study the dynamics of topological defects in the context of ``topological inflation" proposed by Vilenkin and Linde independently. Analysing the time evolution of planar domain walls and of global monopoles, we find that the defects undergo inflationary expansion if $η\stackrel{>}{\sim}0.33m_{Pl}$, where $η$ is the vacuum expectation value of the Higgs field and $m_{Pl}$ is the Planck mass. This result confirms the estimates by Vilenkin and Linde. The critical value of $η$ is independent of the coupling constant $λ$ and the initial size of the defect. Even for defects with an initial size much greater than the horizon scale, inflation does not occur at all if $η$ is smaller than the critical value. We also examine the effect of gauge fields for static monopole solutions and find that the spacetime with a gauge monopole has an attractive nature, contrary to the spacetime with a global monopole. It suggests that gauge fields affect the onset of inflation.

gr-qc↗

Junction Conditions of Friedmann-Robertson-Walker Space-Times

We complete a classification of junctions of two Friedmann-Robertson-Walker space-times bounded by a spherical thin wall. Our analysis covers super-horizon bubbles and thus complements the previous work of Berezin, Kuzumin and Tkachev. Contrary to sub-horizon bubbles, various topology types for super-horizon bubbles are possible, regardless of the sign of the extrinsic curvature. We also derive a formula for the peculiar velocity of a domain wall for all types of junction.

gr-qc↗