arXiv subjects

Nur Mohammad Fahad

Publications and source records attributed to Nur Mohammad Fahad.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

EVADE: Evidence-Verified Agentic Diagnosis with Escape

Medical vision-language models (VLMs) can achieve high accuracy but remain unreliable: they are systematically overconfident, benefit little from test-time reasoning, and lack the ability to reliably calibrate trust in their own responses. We introduce EVADE (Evidence-Verified Agentic Diagnosis with Escape), an inferential, non-training method that enhances the safety of deploying a single frozen VLM. EVADE responds and, when uncertain, localises the region most diagnostically relevant, re-answers on a zoomed view, and commits only when both the entire image and the zoomed view responses agree; otherwise, it abstains. To directly address verification hallucination in single-model self-checking, our main idea is to verify gate consistency across different image views rather than re-reading the model's own text. Experimental evaluation on VQA-RAD, SLAKE, and PathVQA using Qwen2.5-VL-7B reports that EVADE is the only method that simultaneously improves both calibration and selective risk while maintaining accuracy, reducing expected calibration error (ECE) by up to 45% compared to zero-shot. Chain-of-thought, self-consistency, and self-verification all fail at least one axis. A grounding analysis reports that self-proposed regions perform better at diagnostic structure localisation than centres or random crops. However, a 7B VLM cannot use this localisation to revise answers. Therefore, reliability gains come from the consistency gate and calibrated abstention.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2026

Multi-Modal Semantic Segmentation of Electrolyzer Components for Sustainable Hydrogen Technologies: A Dual-Branch Deep Learning Approach

Accurate segmentation of electrolyzer materials is essential for automated disassembly, sustainable recycling, and circular manufacturing in hydrogen technologies. However, this task is challenging due to strong visual similarity between materials, spectral overlap, irregular shapes, and severe class imbalance. To address these challenges, we propose an AI-driven dual-branch framework, Hyperspectral-RGB Electrolyzer Materials Network (HREM-Net), that combines hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and RGB images for electrolyzer material segmentation. We implemented several innovative modules, including Efficient Channel Attention, Coordinate Attention, Mobile Inverted Bottleneck blocks, and Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling to capture spectral and spatial features from HSI, and RGB images. With an adaptive gated cross-modal fusion module and composite loss function, HREM-Net achieves a mean class accuracy of 91.66% and a mean Intersection over Union (mIoU) of 0.82 on the Electrolyzers-HSI dataset, outperforming baseline segmentation models. Cross-dataset validation on the PCB-Vision dataset demonstrates strong generalization with 96.91% accuracy and 0.93 mIoU. This work poses its potential as an industrial application to improve electrolyzer efficiency, thereby improving the predictive maintenance of hydrogen production.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2026

Remote Sensing Image Classification Using Deep Ensemble Learning

Remote sensing imagery plays a crucial role in many applications and requires accurate computerized classification techniques. Reliable classification is essential for transforming raw imagery into structured and usable information. While Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are mostly used for image classification, they excel at local feature extraction, but struggle to capture global contextual information. Vision Transformers (ViTs) address this limitation through self attention mechanisms that model long-range dependencies. Integrating CNNs and ViTs, therefore, leads to better performance than standalone architectures. However, the use of additional CNN and ViT components does not lead to further performance improvement and instead introduces a bottleneck caused by redundant feature representations. In this research, we propose a fusion model that combines the strengths of CNNs and ViTs for remote sensing image classification. To overcome the performance bottleneck, the proposed approach trains four independent fusion models that integrate CNN and ViT backbones and combine their outputs at the final prediction stage through ensembling. The proposed method achieves accuracy rates of 98.10 percent, 94.46 percent, and 95.45 percent on the UC Merced, RSSCN7, and MSRSI datasets, respectively. These results outperform competing architectures and highlight the effectiveness of the proposed solution, particularly due to its efficient use of computational resources during training.

cs.CV↗