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O. Brissaud

Publications and source records attributed to O. Brissaud.

2 recordsLinked to original sources

Ammonium salts are a reservoir of nitrogen on a cometary nucleus and possibly on some asteroids

The measured nitrogen-to-carbon ratio in comets is lower than for the Sun, a discrepancy which could be alleviated if there is an unknown reservoir of nitrogen in comets. The nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko exhibits an unidentified broad spectral reflectance feature around 3.2 micrometers, which is ubiquitous across its surface. On the basis of laboratory experiments, we attribute this absorption band to ammonium salts mixed with dust on the surface. The depth of the band indicates that semivolatile ammonium salts are a substantial reservoir of nitrogen in the comet, potentially dominating over refractory organic matter and more volatile species. Similar absorption features appear in the spectra of some asteroids, implying a compositional link between asteroids, comets, and the parent interstellar cloud.

astro-ph.EP

SHADOWS: a spectro-gonio radiometer for bidirectional reflectance studies of dark meteorites and terrestrial analogs: design, calibrations, and performances on challenging surfaces

We have developed a new spectro-gonio radiometer, SHADOWS, to study in the laboratory the bidirectional reflectance distribution function of dark and precious samples. The instrument operates over a wide spectral range from the visible to the near-infrared and is installed in a cold room. This paper presents the scientific and technical constraints of the spectro-gonio radiometer, its design and additional capabilities, as well as the performances and limitations of the instrument.

astro-ph.IM